American MINISO immigrants

Outstanding performance of Israel's national high-tech industry in the past 50 years

Yuken

The high-tech industry is experiencing an unprecedented growth rate, which began in the early 1990s. The evidence of its growth is that-1.997' s total sales were $7.2 billion, up by 1.7%, of which 1.996' s exports were 1 .999' s $5.6 billion, up by 1.4%, exceeding/. This is in a country with a total population of less than 6 million; 92.3 billion dollars of GDP (1996); Exports (goods and services, 1996) amounted to $3.3 million.

In addition, Israel has a great demand for the development of advanced technology, and now many developed applications in Israel can be found in the products of multinational companies in the communication, computer, information system, medicine, optics, consumer goods and software industries.

origin

The birth of Israel's high-tech industry and the state of Israel. 1948, the newly established Israel defense forces set up the so-called scientific group. The Legion developed new weapons, explosives and various electronic and electrical equipment, the Israel Defense Forces. The military industry has developed rapidly to meet the needs of armaments and technologies that it cannot obtain from foreign countries. During the same period, Israel developed the best educational institution and scientific research it wanted to be in the Middle East. These include the Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Weizmann College of Science in Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and universities in Haifa, Beersheba, Tel Aviv and Ramat Gan. In the early 1960s, Israel entered the nuclear age and established these two research factories with nuclear weapons.

First of all, computer development and assembly in Israel took place in Weizmann Institute in the early 1950s. ("virtual") is a managed computer, similar to the first computer developed in the United States. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, there were several computer mainframes in Israel, which were purchased from IBM and IBM. These computers are mainly used by government ministries and agencies, universities and banks. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, mainframes and microcomputers invaded the financial and commercial fields. In the 1980s, many Israelis owned personal computers.

high-technology industry

One of the factors, the special growth rate of this industry in recent years, is the highest proportion of engineers in the world, with 0/35 engineers per 10,000 people, compared with 85% in the United States. Another factor is that thousands of skilled engineers and technicians have immigrated from the former Soviet Union since 1989.

In addition, advanced technology was originally developed and utilized for military purposes, and now it is being used to develop consumer and civilian products. With the shrinking of Israel's defense industry-as a "peace dividend"-thousands of technicians left the defense industry from 1 9 88. Many of them were absorbed into the civilian market, while other startups later became successful high-tech companies.

The continued success of Israel's high-tech industry is reflected in the local and foreign stock markets. 1996 the third largest number of products provided by Israeli companies (initial public offering) is on Nasdaq (anti-stock exchange) in new york, second only to the United States and Canada, and the second largest number of IPOs (alternative investment market) is in London (UK). Many leading American investors and venture capital funds have established businesses in Israel to support Israeli high-tech companies and benefit from the current prosperity.

Technically speaking, Israel's high-tech industry is in a favorable position, among which the world's five leading enterprises are in this field. The following conditions have supporting industries in the local market:

Computers are widely used in this country, and the atmosphere and positive attitude of computers are conducive to cultivating the high-tech skills of the younger generation.

Israeli leaders are proud of the country's high-tech "label" and promote information technology. Therefore, the country is particularly interested in cooperating with foreign investors in the high-tech field, mainly with investors in other fields.

A unique phenomenon in Israel and the United States is that the chief scientist of the office is equipped with various research and development projects in the industry and trade section, with a total subsidy of nearly 400 million US dollars. The success of the project is expected to pay royalties to the chief scientist's office within a few years.

The progress of domestic science and technology,

Israel has firmly become the country with the highest degree of computerization. In the Middle East, it even surpassed some western European countries. In 1997, Israel sold more than 250,000 PCs, Egypt (population about 600,000 US dollars) sold102,000 PCs, and Turkey (population about 650,000 US dollars) sold only 300,000 PCs.

Israel is also the country with the highest computer penetration rate in private nursing homes in the Middle East. Nearly one or two families have a personal computer, with a similar proportion, that is, the United States, Canada and other very few European and Far Eastern countries. In recent years, the education system has bought tens of thousands of computers for students, from kindergarten to college age.

Compared with other so-called high-tech tigers (such as Korean, Malaysian and Taiwan Province provinces), Israel is unique in that it is a "real" high-tech country and has a highly developed domestic computing and telecommunications market. Israel is also an advanced technology that is "quickly adopted". 197 The local expenditure on information technology is estimated to be US$ 2.4 billion, with a steady increase of 65,438+February 15% every year. Global IT expenditure has reached about 700 billion yuan, with a five-year compound annual growth rate of about 10%.

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