Past lives on the ancient post road in Nanyue

First, the past life of the ancient post road in South Guangdong

The ancient post road, also known as post road and official road, refers to the traffic route of delivering official documents through post stations in ancient times, mostly located on thoroughfare avenue. There is a post station every few miles on the post road, which is interconnected and criss-crossed with the network, centering on the capital and radiating in all directions; Then take local capital as the center, expand step by step, spread all over the place, and form a network; The communication between the central government, local governments and local governments has made government decrees accessible, military newspapers fast and people's feelings smooth. Such as the famous Silk Road, Huguang Ancient Post Road, Hanghui Post Road, Artemisia annua Post Road and Meiguan Ancient Post Road.

In ancient South Guangdong, there were many ancient post roads, or thoroughfares of the two provinces, or military strategists' arteries, or trade exchanges, all of which were important ties between the Central Plains and Lingnan.

The eastern and western regions of Guangdong have long mountains and rivers, ancient roads and a long history. Many ancient roads have a history of thousands of years. At present, with the state's emphasis on the protection of traditional villages and the strategic planning of building a strong cultural province in Guangdong, traditional villages, as an important part of Lingnan history and culture, have attracted increasing attention because of their cultural uniqueness and great value.

Second, the footprint of the ancient post road in South Guangdong

1, Millennium Memory-Meiguan Ancient Road

"Meiguan Ancient Road" is probably the most familiar ancient post road in Guangdong. It is located in Dayuling in the north of Nanxiong County, Shaoguan, and was called "Tailing" in ancient times. It is the dividing line between Guangdong Province and Jiangxi Province, located in Meiling, Nanxiong City, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province.

The establishment of Meiguan Ancient Road began in Qin Dynasty, and later Guanlou was destroyed by war. Therefore, from the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, Meiling was only called Ling, not a name. After Song Jiayou built Guanlou, it was called Meiguan Ancient Road. During the Warring States period, 6,000 Vietnamese people moved here to escape the war. They planted plum trees on the ridge of the field and changed their surname to "Mei". Since then, Dayuling has a new name-"Meiling". They are the earliest recorded Lingnan immigrants. Later, Zhao Tuo, the king of South Vietnam, built a passage from Meiling to the north of Jiangxi and the south of Guangdong. Since then, the Yangtze River has been connected with the Pearl River system, which is the embryonic form of the "Meiguan Ancient Road". During the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Jiuling, the prime minister of Shaoguan people in ancient times, resigned and returned to his hometown. He couldn't bear the sufferings of Lingnan people in Dayuling. Considering the needs of economic exchanges between the North and the South, he wrote to the imperial court and asked to open up the Meiguan ancient road. Two years ago, a new road with a width of one foot and a length of 30 miles was built.

After the opening, the Meiguan Ancient Road became an important channel for communication between the north and the south. Today, it is the best preserved ancient post road in China. It was once rated as "20 16 Top Ten Ancient Roads in China" and was the only ancient road selected in Guangdong. How does it feel to be beheaded today? There are many difficulties in starting a business I will go to Quantai to recruit Kibaki and behead Yamaraja with100000 as the standard. "Marshal Chen Yi's famous meiling three chapters was also written in this place. This ancient road built by Zhang Jiuling, a famous figure in the Tang Dynasty, has now become a famous tourist attraction in Guangdong, and the ancient Guanlou on it is Meiguan. Meiguan is the intersection of Jiangxi and Guangdong. Every time tourists come here, they have to take photos on both sides of Meiguan, one side is Guangdong and the other is Jiangxi. Plum trees are planted all over Meiguan Pass. Every winter, plum blossoms are in full bloom and the flowers are overflowing.

2. The main line of people's livelihood-Meiguan Ancient Salt Road

There are many mountains and few plains in Lingnan, and the grain production capacity is limited. From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, Guangdong had more salt and less grain, while Jiangxi had less salt and more grain. But the two provinces have mountains and water, so they have to go by land if they want to trade. For three meals a day, Hakkas in Guangdong and Jiangxi used their own steps and shoulders to step on a series of salt and grain trade channels. "Picking salt to Jiangxi" became the biggest sideline of many Hakkas at that time. Pick a hundred Jin of salt and carry it to Jiangxi, and then pick rice from Jiangxi to Mei for dozens of days.

In Chengbei Town, Meijiang District, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, from Yanbutan to Bachi Tian Xiang 'ao, an ancient road nearly 6 kilometers long was left, which proved the difficulties and obstacles that poor farmers experienced for a living. Among many towns and villages, Yushui Village in Meizhou is famous as "Yandao Ancient Town". In the village, the pawnshop "White Pine Mansion" still remains. Three hundred years later, now this pawnshop has no roof, only four high walls and a plaque engraved with "Pine and cypress House". The ancient houses in the village are strewn at random, and the ancient pavilions and bridges can be seen everywhere, surrounded by green mountains and green waters.

3. Political Heritage-Xijing Ancient Road

Compared with the well-known Meiguan Ancient Road, the Xijing Ancient Road lacks plum blossoms and rolling mountains, but it is more quiet and spiritual.

The Xijing Ancient Road was built in the sixth year of the Western Han Dynasty (BC 135), which was the only way for all parts of Lingnan to reach the capital "Xijing" (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province) during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is located in Da Qiao Town, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, Guangdong Province. In order to win Yang Guifei's favor, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty spared no effort and spent material resources to transport litchi from Lingnan all the way, "galloping in the world of mortals, talking and laughing". Han Yu, a poet, was demoted to Chaozhou for remonstrance. When he passed through Ruyuan section of Xijing Ancient Road, heavy snow fell. Today, the "Chilling Pavilion" and "Yangzhi Pavilion" in memory of Han Yu, as well as Han Wengong's dressing stone tomb and Han Wengong Temple, are still preserved on the ancient Xijing Road as a memorial to this good official who wants to eliminate disasters for saints and cherish the old.

After 2000 years, the ruins of the Xijing ancient road, about 3 kilometers long, are still preserved in Tiyunling, Ruyuan. There are countless ancient pavilions along the way, and even vaguely retain the footprints of horses left in those days.

Third, this life of the ancient post road in South Guangdong

1, Nanyue Ancient Post Road Protection

In order to effectively protect and utilize the ancient post road in South Guangdong, and truly and completely preserve, restore and restore the historical information and value of the ancient post road, Guangdong Province issued the Guidelines for the Protection and Restoration of the Ancient Post Road in South Guangdong and the Guidelines for the Design of the Marking System of the Ancient Post Road in South Guangdong on 20 161October 26th.

The document defines the classification of ancient post roads and the principles of protection and restoration. It also promotes the development and utilization of ancient post road resources by formulating a standardized identification system to meet the growing human nature and ecological requirements of modern people. Experts pointed out that it is necessary to use the ancient post road as a carrier to combine historical and cultural protection with tourism development and physical fitness, to create a comprehensive cultural and sports tourism route, to promote the improvement of rural human settlements along the ancient post road, to implement precise poverty alleviation and to promote county economic development.

The Guidelines for Protection and Restoration defines the principles of protection and restoration of ancient post roads, namely, integrity, authenticity, safety, ecology and sustainability. Among them, in view of the linear and chain distribution of the ancient post roads in South Guangdong, the overall value of the line is greater than the sum of its parts, which needs to reflect the complete protection of various elements, including post roads, ancillary facilities, hydraulic facilities, storage environment, related material cultural relics and intangible cultural relics. However, it is worth noting that it is not allowed to change the original state of cultural relics in pursuit of completeness and splendor. Protection and restoration shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the principles of raw materials, original technology, prototype system and original structure, and new materials and new technologies shall be used cautiously, which shall be harmless to cultural relics and historic sites before use. If it has been completely damaged, it shall not be rebuilt in the original site. Keep the authenticity of the ancient post road.

At the same time, the Guide to Protection and Restoration also divides the post roads into five types: mountain post roads, plain post roads, waterfront post roads, rural post roads and ancient waterways. It is required to adjust measures to local conditions, put forward different protection and restoration strategies according to different classifications and current situations, and put forward clear requirements for material selection, construction technology, safety protection measures, and the creation of space environment for protection and restoration.

In order to implement the work arrangements of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government and find out the background of the ancient post roads in Guangdong Province, the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics selected 88 ancient post roads from the data of the third national cultural relics survey, and sorted out the list of ancient post roads in Guangdong Province, including 1 national key cultural relics protection units, 2 provincial cultural relics protection units, 5 municipal cultural relics protection units and 80 ancient post roads that were not approved as cultural relics protection units.

2. The inheritance of Nanyue ancient post road.

Because of inheritance, China culture has a long history and is profound. Because they know how to inherit, Chinese descendants will continue from generation to generation. Inherited in an ancient town far away from secular noise. With the development of the times and the progress of science and technology, it is difficult for us to find a quiet and peaceful place in the city. The "quietness" in the ancient road is unique, although there is no artistic conception of "the quieter the cicada forest, the quieter the sound palace mountain". However, you will find that the "quietness" of the ancient road is incomparable in the city. On the ancient road, there is no noisy car roar, no dusty construction site and no mechanical noise. And this kind of "quietness" shows the unique modesty and courtesy of our Chinese nation. Indeed, silence is the peace of mind and the essence of beauty. Quiet is the ideal state and the life experience of workers. The ancient road is quiet, and China is beautiful.

"20 16 Orienteering Competition of Ancient Post Road in South Guangdong" strives to combine sports with the protection and utilization of ancient post road, the protection and development of ancient villages, the improvement of rural living environment and the implementation of precise poverty alleviation, and explore and carry forward the historical value and practical significance of ancient post road culture through sports and other carriers suitable for all ages.

Eight characteristic ancient villages were selected in the orienteering competition of ancient post roads in South Guangdong, covering Guangfu, Chaoshan, Hakka and northern Guangdong. We can not only enjoy the beautiful scenery of the ancient town, but also feel the local customs and customs, and also better improve our protection and inheritance of the ancient post road culture.

In the next step, the cultural relics department of Guangdong Province will further encourage social forces to participate in the protection and utilization of the ancient post road in South Guangdong, and increase the publicity of advanced typical cases of cultural relics activation and utilization, such as the orienteering competition of the ancient post road in South Guangdong. Next year, the exhibition "North-South Accommodation-Nanyue Ancient Post Road" will be launched, and excellent exhibitions and lectures on Nanyue Ancient Post Road will be organized to enter the campus, the community and the military camp, so as to raise the awareness of the whole society on the protection and utilization of Nanyue Ancient Post Road.

It can be said that the ancient post road in South Guangdong not only has a glorious past life, but also has a splendid present life and a distant future.

Editor in Charge: Jiang Jiamin