Does China allow refugees to enter the country?

The recognition of "refugee" status in international law is mainly based on 195 1 convention and 1967 protocol related to refugee status. China has signed these two documents at 1982. After 1949, China received international refugees on a large scale for the first time, during the Vietnamese boat people tide, the "anti-Chinese" tide and the Sino-Vietnamese war in the late 1970s. China's commitment to "provide permanent refugee asylum for every Vietnamese refugee who comes to China" is unique in the history of UN refugee assistance. According to statistics, by the end of 1978, China * * * had received 265,000 Vietnamese refugees, many of whom were expatriates from China. After screening, these refugees and returned overseas Chinese were sent to 263 state-owned farms in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces.

Hong Kong's handling of the "boat people tide" in Vietnam is a model of following the international principles of "non-refoulement" and "mutual assistance and sharing among countries". After the Vietnam War, the first batch of 3,743 Vietnamese refugees were all accepted by Hong Kong in May 1975. At this point, a wave of Vietnamese boat people broke out in small Hong Kong. Hong Kong abides by the principle of "non-refoulement", withstood enormous economic and social pressures and took in more than 200,000 Vietnamese who fled Hong Kong. In the end, under the coordination of UNHCR, more than 6.5438+0.4 million people were resettled in a third country according to the principle of "mutual assistance and sharing", far exceeding the 67,000 people who were repatriated afterwards. Today, China is still receiving refugees, many of whom have fulfilled their international obligations under the coordination of the international community.

Who cares if "refugees" come to China? According to the information on the UNHCR website, anyone who is not of China nationality can apply for refugee status in China. As long as you bring your passport and register your name, nationality, date of birth and reasons for becoming a refugee in the UNHCR office in Beijing, you can get the asylum seeker's certificate and make an appointment for screening interview. They can legally stay in China until the screening interview. Asylum seekers' certificates are generally valid for two months. If it is not their turn to interview, they can take the original and exchange it for a new one. Screening interviews is usually the responsibility of the host government. However, the China government did not take over this work, so it was still the responsibility of UNHCR. If they pass the interview, refugees and asylum seekers can choose their own residence in China, but UNHCR staff will also give them some advice. In addition, China has no special laws to deal with international refugees.

At present, the daily management of refugees in China is mainly in accordance with the exit and entry management law. This law, which was promulgated on June 30th, 20th12nd, explicitly mentioned refugees for the first time: "Foreigners who apply for refugee status can stay in China with temporary identity certificates issued by public security organs during refugee status screening; Foreigners who are recognized as refugees can stay and stay in China with the refugee identity documents issued by the public security organs. " In addition, there are no relevant rules and regulations. At the end of 20 12, the UNHCR office in China was informed that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China had signed agreements with the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Civil Affairs to allow refugee children to attend public schools in China. China is not a popular refugee destination, but the number of people applying for refugee status has been increasing in recent years. In an interview with Look at the World magazine, the staff of the UNHCR representative office in China said: "In the past, as long as you registered directly, you could get the certificate of asylum seekers, and then set the screening interview time. Now, because there are too many applicants, one item has been added to the process. You must make an appointment in advance by email or door-to-door, and the staff will arrange the registration date. " Thus, the refugee problem in China has begun to emerge. How to solve the problem of refugee follow-up and deal with the possible refugee risks in the future, China should formulate a refugee law in line with China's national conditions on the basis of international law as soon as possible.

Legal basis: At present, the daily management of refugees in China is mainly based on the Exit and Entry Administration Law. "Foreigners who apply for refugee status may stay in China with temporary identity certificates issued by public security organs during refugee status screening; Foreigners who are recognized as refugees can stay and stay in China with the refugee identity documents issued by the public security organs. "