The terrain in the north is higher than that in the south. How does the South-to-North Water Transfer Project introduce water into the north?

The main canal of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is about1722km. The middle route project is mainly exported to Henan, Tianjin, Beijing and other places, which basically rely on the self-flow of water. The East Route Project takes water from the Yangtze River in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, and mainly exports to high-altitude areas such as Shandong and Hebei. It is transported by the vertical pumping station, and the water in the lower part is pumped by the water pump, and the impeller keeps running and transported to the upper river channel, thus completing the dispatching and transportation in the first project.

In addition, China has designed pumps and hydraulic tools for the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. Pump is a common water conveyance tool, so I won't introduce it in detail, but mainly explain the working principle of hydraulic tools. In fact, this tool that can really exert its strength is inverted siphon, which is a kind of water pipe and is mainly used when encountering valleys and other areas in the process of water transmission. Generally bow-shaped, the water outlet is generally downward, generally lower than the water surface. Just like we change water for fish, a water inlet is below and a water outlet is above, then we put the water inlet into the water and press the whole hydraulic device gently, and finally the water can flow out easily. As we all know, due to the high terrain in the north, water diversion itself is very difficult, and there will be natural barriers such as valleys in the process, which is even more difficult. But inverted siphon solves this problem very well.