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Geographical location evaluation of Yunnan

Yunnan province

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The geographical position of Yunnan in China

Yunnan Province is located in the southwest border of China. During the Warring States period, this was the place where Yunnan tribes lived. Yunnan, that is, "the south of colorful clouds", is named because it is located in the south of Yunling. The total area is about 390,000 square kilometers, accounting for 4. 1 1% of the national area, ranking eighth among provincial administrative regions in China. The total population is 45 130,000 (in 2008), accounting for 3.36% of the national population, ranking13. The provinces and regions adjacent to Yunnan Province are Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Tibet, and the three countries adjacent to Yunnan Province are Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. The Tropic of Cancer runs through the south of the province. Among them, Old Town of Lijiang is the largest and oldest ethnic ancient city in Yunnan.

Chinese name:

Yunnan province

Mbth: Yunnan.

Alias: Cloud, Yunnan, south of colorful clouds.

Administrative category: province

Location: Southwest of China.

Areas under its jurisdiction: Kunming, Qujing and Yuxi.

Government residence: Kunming

Area: 390,000 square kilometers

Population: 4,565,438+300,000 (2008)

Famous scenic spots: Shilin, Xishuangbanna, Lijiang, Dali, Yulong Snow Mountain, Dianchi Lake and Erhai Lake.

& lta target = _ blank href =/view/97 . htm & gt。 GDP & lt/a & gt； : 570.0 1 100 million yuan (2008)

Prefecture-level administrative regions: 16.

County-level administrative districts: 129.

Party Secretary: Bai

Governor: Qin Guangrong

Directory [hidden]

administrative division

physical geography

The development of history

Famous scenic spot

Religious culture

economic development

Population and nationality

transport

administrative division

physical geography

The development of history

Famous scenic spot

Religious culture

economic development

Population and nationality

transport

Major celebrities (modern)

Successive leaders

Dialect characteristics

native products

The best in Yunnan

18 Yunnan monster

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administrative division

Capital: Kunming.

There are 8 prefecture-level cities and 8 ethnic autonomous prefectures in Yunnan Province. It has jurisdiction over 12 municipal districts, 9 county-level cities, 79 counties and 29 ethnic autonomous counties. (2009)

Yunnan administrative map

Baoshan City: Longyang District | Shidian County | Tengchong County | Longling County | Changning County

Lugu Lake

Lijiang City: Gucheng District | Yongsheng County | Huaping County | Yulong Naxi Autonomous County | Ninglang Yi Autonomous County

Fuxian lake

Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture: Jinghong City | Menghai County | Mengla County

Dehong Prefecture: Luxi City | Ruili City | lianghe county | Yingjiang County | Longchuan County

Nujiang Wa Autonomous Prefecture: Lushui County (Liuku Town) | Fugong County | Gongshan Dulong Nu Autonomous County | Lanping Bai Pumi Autonomous County

Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture: Shangri-La County | Deqin County | Weixi Yi Autonomous County

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physical geography

Climatic characteristics

1, type: Yunnan is located in the low latitude plateau, with a special geographical position and complex terrain, so the climate is also very complicated. The plateau monsoon climate is mainly influenced by the high-pressure airflow in southern Bangladesh. Most areas in the province are warm in winter and cool in summer, with four seasons like spring. The climate types in the province are rich and diverse, including seven climate types: north tropical, south subtropical, middle subtropical, north subtropical, south temperate, middle temperate and plateau climate zone.

2. Features: The climate in Yunnan has the characteristics of low latitude climate, monsoon climate and mountain plain climate. Its main performance is:

Annual precipitation in Yunnan

① The regional differences and vertical changes of climate are very obvious. This phenomenon is closely related to the latitude and altitude of Yunnan. This combination of high latitude and high altitude, low latitude and low altitude coincides, that is, the increase of latitude in the horizontal direction coincides with the increase of altitude in the vertical direction, which makes the annual average temperature rise from north to south, except Jinsha River Valley and red river valley. The average temperature is about 5~24℃, and the temperature difference between north and south is about 65438 09℃, showing the characteristics of "three-dimensional climate".

② The annual temperature difference is small and the daily temperature difference is large. Due to the low latitude

Average temperature in Yunnan in January

On the plateau, the air is dry and sparse, and the amount and heat of sunlight obtained in various places increase or decrease with the change of solar altitude angle, and are also affected by clouds and rain. The average temperature of the hottest day in summer is about19 ~ 22℃; In winter, the average temperature in Leng Yue is above 6~8℃. The annual temperature difference is generally 10~ 15℃, and the temperature is low in rainy days. The daily temperature change is cool in the morning and hot in the afternoon, especially in winter and spring, and the daily temperature difference can reach 12~20℃.

Average temperature in Yunnan in July

(3) The precipitation is abundant, with distinct wet and dry conditions and uneven distribution. The annual precipitation in most parts of the province is 1 100 mm, but due to the control and influence of different atmospheric circulation in winter and summer, the distribution of precipitation in seasons and regions is extremely uneven. The maximum precipitation is four months from June to September, accounting for about 60% of the annual precipitation. 165438+ 10 to April of the following year is the dry season, and the precipitation only accounts for 10%~20% or even less of the whole year. Moreover, in a small area, due to the change of altitude, the precipitation distribution is uneven.

Geological landform

The terrain in Yunnan is extremely complicated. Generally speaking, the northwest is Hengduan mountain area with high mountains and deep valleys, and the east and south are Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The highest peak is Meili Snow Mountain in Deqin County, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest, and its main peak, carvajal Slope, is 6740 meters above sea level. The lowest point is Yuanjiang Valley in Hekou County, with an altitude of only 76.4 meters. The whole Yunnan is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. More than 84% of the area is mountainous, with plateaus and hills accounting for 10%, and less than 6% are dams and lakes. Proportion of mountainous areas in individual counties and cities

Topographic map of Yunnan

Actually, it's over 98%.

Yunnan's landforms are bounded by Yuanjiang Valley in Yunnan and Kuangu in the southern section of Yunling Mountains, and the whole province of Yunnan can be roughly divided into two topographical regions, east and west. The eastern part of Yunnan is the eastern and central part of Yunnan Plateau, which is called Yunnan Plateau and belongs to the western part of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The average altitude in Yunnan is about 2000 meters. There are mainly undulating low mountains and round hills in Yunnan, where various types of karst landforms are developed, including the famous Yunnan Shilin, Qiubei Puzhehei, Luoping Duoyi River, Yiliang Jiuxiang Cave, Jianshui Yanzi Cave, Luxi Arugu Cave and Maitreya Bailong Cave. The western part of Yunnan is the longitudinal valley area of Hengduan Mountains, with mountains and valleys alternating. Yunnan has a magnificent and steep terrain, among which the parallel flow of the three rivers is the most spectacular. Generally speaking, the average altitude in northwest Yunnan is 3000 ~4000 meters; The average elevation of southwest Yunnan1500 m ~ 2200 m; The terrain near the Yunnan border is gradually gentle, with an average elevation of only 800 meters ~ 1000 meters, and some areas are below 500 meters, which is where the tropical and subtropical regions of Yunnan are located.

There are many fault basins in the rolling plateaus and mountains of Yunnan Province. These basins in Yunnan, also known as "bazi", are relatively flat, with rivers passing through them and thick soil layers, and most of them are economically developed areas. There are 445 dams 1 445 and 49 dams 100 square kilometers in Yunnan province. The largest dam in Yunnan is located in luliang county, with an area of 77 1.99 square kilometers. The top 10 dams in Yunnan are Kunming Dam (763.6 square kilometers), Erhai Dam (60 1 square kilometers), Zhao Lu Dam (524.76 square kilometers), Quzhan Dam (435.82 square kilometers), Gudong Dam (432.79 square kilometers) and Songming Dam (400 square kilometers).

Yunnan satellite map

Yunnan is also a big geological museum. A large number of sauropod dinosaur fossils were unearthed in the early Jurassic strata in Lufeng County, and they were well preserved. Now this county has built a dinosaur museum for tourists to visit. In addition, Maotianshan Mountain in Chengjiang County is a "star" in geological circles, because a large number of well-preserved Cambrian multicellular fossils have been unearthed here, which strongly proves the existence of the "Cambrian Big Bang". Dongchuan District of Kunming is also a famous "Debris Flow Museum" in China. In the early days, due to the large-scale unscientific mining of copper mines and the influence of climate and topography, large-scale mudslides frequently occurred, and the phenomenon of mudslides was typical.

hydrology

1, water system

Yunnan province spans six major water systems, with details as follows:

(1) Pacific water system:

① Yangtze River water system: Jinsha River, Longchuan River, Mantichuan River (Pudu River), Xiaojiang River, Yili River, Niulan River, Hengjiang River, Chenghai River, Lugu Lake and Dianchi Lake. , into the East China Sea of China.

② Pearl River system: Nanpanjiang, Qujiang, Kedu River, Huangni River, Tuoniang River, Fuxian Lake, Xingyun Lake, Qilu Lake, Yangzonghai Lake and Yilong Lake. , flowing into the South China Sea.

③ Yuanjiang (Red River) water system: Lishe River, Lv Zhi River, Babian River, Xiaxin River, Jiang Lixian River, nanxi river River, Panlong River, etc. Into the Beibu Gulf.

(4) Lancang River (Mekong River) water system: Yangbi River, Weiyuan River, Manlao River, Nanla River, Nanlan River, Liusha River and Erhai Lake. , flowing into the South China Sea.

(2) Indian Ocean water system:

(5) Nujiang River (salween) water system: Laowo River, Cook River, Nanting River River, Nangun River and Nanka River. , into the Andaman Sea.

⑥ Irrawaddy River system: Dulong River, Binglang River, Daying River, Ruili River, etc. , into the Andaman Sea.

2. Lake

Dianchi Lake, located in the south of Kunming, is known as the "Pearl of the Plateau" and is the largest lake in southwest China and the sixth largest freshwater lake in China. The lake area is 3 1 1.388 square kilometers, the drainage area is 2,920 square kilometers, the average water depth is 5.12m, the deepest point is1.3m, and the water storage capacity is15438+billion cubic meters. The water storage capacity is 65.438+0.57 billion cubic meters, the altitude is 654.38+0.887 meters, and the length of the shoreline is about 200 kilometers. It belongs to a water-deficient area, which changes greatly during the year and has the characteristics of continuous abundant water and continuous low water. Dianchi Lake Basin includes four townships in Wuhua District and Panlong District of Kunming and five suburban counties in Guandu District, Xishan District, Jinning County, Chenggong County and Songming County. Kunming is the most densely populated area with the most frequent human activities and the most developed economy.

Erhai Lake is the second largest plateau lake in Yunnan Province, located in the north of Dali City, with a lake area of 252.9 1 km2, a drainage area of 2565 km2, an average water depth of10.8m, a maximum water depth of 210.5m, an altitude of1966m and a storage capacity of 2.88 billion. Erhai Lake Basin mainly includes Dali City and Eryuan County 18 townships.

(3) Fuxian Lake is the second largest deep-water lake in China and the largest water storage lake in Yunnan Province. Located at the junction of Chengjiang County, Jiangchuan County and Huaning County in Yuxi City. The elevation of the lake is1722.5m, the area is 216.6km2, the drainage area is 674.69km2, the maximum water depth is158.9m, the average water depth is 92.5m, and the storage capacity is 1893 billion cubic meters, including 27 rivers. The lake flows into Nanpanjiang River through Haikou River. Fuxian Lake Basin includes 7 townships in Chengjiang County, Jiangchuan County and Huaning County of Yuxi City.

(4) Yilong Lake is located in the southeast of Shiping County, with an area of 92 square kilometers and a drainage area of 360.4 square kilometers. The average water depth is about 5 meters, the maximum water depth is 6.55 meters, and the water storage capacity is1.1450 million cubic meters. The Yilong Lake Basin mainly includes five towns in Shiping County.

Chenghai Lake is an inland closed plateau deep-water lake with no outflow. It is located in the southwest of Yongsheng County, with a drainage area of 3 18.3 square kilometers, a lake area of 77.2 square kilometers, an average water depth of 25.9 meters, a maximum water depth of 36.7 meters, a storage capacity of 0/98.7 million cubic meters and a coastline length of 45 1 km. Located in the dry-hot area of Jinsha River, the evaporation of the lake surface is about three times of the precipitation in the basin, and the water level of the lake surface has been declining for a long time. It was not until the completion of the project of "diverting water to replenish the sea" in the mid-1990s that the water level of the lake surface stabilized.

Lugu Lake, located at the junction of northwest Yunnan Province and southwest Sichuan Province, is the third largest deep-water lake in China. The lake covers an area of 50.8 square kilometers, including 30.3 square kilometers in Yunnan. The basin covers an area of 247.6 square kilometers, with Yunnan part 107 square kilometers. The maximum water depth is 93.5 meters, the average water depth is 40.3 meters, the storage capacity is 2.252 billion cubic meters, and the altitude is 2688 meters, which is the highest among the nine plateau lakes in Yunnan. The Yunnan section of Lugu Lake belongs to Luoshui Administrative Village, Yongning Township, ninglang county, Lijiang District, where Mosuo, Yi, Pumi and other ethnic minorities mainly live.

(7) Yangzonghai is located in the east of Chenggong County and the north of Chengjiang County, with a lake area of 3 1.9 square kilometers, an average water depth of 22 meters, a maximum water depth of 29.7 meters, a drainage area of 192 square kilometers, a volume of 6160,000 cubic meters, a water storage capacity of 604 million cubic meters and an altitude of/kloc-. The lakes belong to Yiliang County, Chenggong County of Kunming City and Chengjiang County of Yuxi City.

Being Xingyun Lake is located in the north of Jiangchuan County, also known as Jiang Chuanhai. It is the upstream lake of Fuxian Lake, which is connected with Fuxian Lake by a 2.2km river. The lake area is 34.7 1 km2, the basin area is 386 km2, the average water depth is 6.9 1 m, the maximum water depth is 9.5 m, the water storage capacity is 65,438+84 million cubic meters, the lake surface elevation is 1774 m ... There are four rivers entering the lake 14, and the average annual water resources are. The average annual inflow of water into Fuxian Lake is about 24 million cubic meters. Xingyun Lake Basin includes Jiangchuan County 10 townships.

⑼ Qilu Lake is the smallest of the nine plateau lakes in Yunnan, located in Tonghai County, Yuxi City. It is a closed plateau lake with a lake area of 34.084 square kilometers, a drainage area of 354.2 square kilometers, a maximum water depth of 6.8 meters, an average water depth of 4 meters, and a storage capacity of 65.438+0.7 billion cubic meters. There are three main rivers flowing into the lake. In flood years, the lake water flows to Qujiang through the karst fissure in Yuejiaying Tiankeng in the southeast of the lake, and the average water resources in the basin for many years are1.65,438+0.7 billion cubic meters. In 2008, the population of the basin was about 300,000.

The nine plateau lakes in Yunnan Province are distributed in central Yunnan, southern Yunnan, western Yunnan and northwestern Yunnan, belonging to Kunming, Yuxi, Dali, Lijiang and Honghe. Dianchi Lake, Chenghai Lake and Lugu Lake belong to the Yangtze River system, Fuxian Lake, Qilu Lake, Yilong Lake, Xingyun Lake and Yangzonghai Lake belong to the Pearl River system, and Erhai Lake belongs to the Lancang River system.

Generally speaking, the nine plateau lakes have four functions:

① Support the development of metropolis;

(2) Supporting the development of agriculture, especially modern agriculture;

③ Support the development of tourism;

④ Support the development of featured products.

The four functions of nine plateau lakes in Yunnan and their economy play an important role in Yunnan's economic development. The nine plateau lake basins involve 6 cities 17 counties (cities, districts) including Kunming, Dali, Yuxi, Lijiang and Honghe.

natural resource

Yunnan province is known as "animal kingdom", "plant kingdom" and "non-ferrous metal kingdom". Among the 162[ 1] natural minerals in China, there are 148 in Yunnan, among which the output of non-ferrous metal minerals such as copper ore and tin ore ranks among the top in China.

1. water resources: the per capita water resources in this province exceed 10000 cubic meters, which is four times the national average. Due to the terrain, the river has a large drop and contains huge hydropower resources. Most of the electric energy of the "West-to-East Power Transmission Project" in which Yunnan Province participates comes from environmentally-friendly hydropower generation. Yunnan province has abundant rainfall and many rivers, with an annual runoff of 200 cubic kilometers, which is three times that of the Yellow River. However, although Yunnan has a large amount of water resources, its distribution in time is seriously uneven. 5- 10 is rich in water resources in rainy season and relatively scarce in dry season, especially in February-April before rainy season, Yunnan has the least water. Spring drought or early summer drought is one of the most common natural disasters in Yunnan.

2. Animal and plant kingdom: Yunnan has almost concentrated plant varieties from tropical, subtropical to temperate and even cold zones. Among about 30,000 species of higher plants in China, 274 families, 2,076 genera and 6,543.8+700,000 species have been found in Yunnan. Main characteristic species: Yunnan golden monkey, green peacock, red panda, python, Asian elephant, wave fish, sky tree, dancing grass, Lijiang spruce, rubber tree, oil palm, notoginseng, Pinus massoniana, Pinus yunnanensis, etc.

Yunnan's unique climate and geographical environment have formed a strange phenomenon of the intersection of animal cold zone and warm zone. There are 0/737 species of vertebrates/kloc-,including 300 species of mammals, 793 species of birds, 0/43 species of reptiles/kloc-,0/02 species of amphibians/kloc-,366 species of freshwater fish and more than 0/000 species of insects/kloc-. There are 5 families, 40 genera and 250 species of fish endemic to Yunnan. Among the birds, there are 46 species of national first-class protected animals and 0/54 species of national second-class protected animals.

3. Mineral resources: Yunnan is known as the "Kingdom of Nonferrous Metals". More than 50 kinds of minerals/kloc-0 have been found in Yunnan, and 92 kinds of minerals have been proved, among which 25 kinds of minerals are in the top three and 54 kinds of minerals are in the top ten. The minerals that rank first in China are zinc, graphite, tin, cadmium, indium, thallium and crocidolite. There are nine categories of mineral resources in Yunnan: ferrous metal minerals, energy minerals, nonferrous metals and precious metals minerals, chemical nonmetallic minerals, rare rare earth minerals, special nonmetallic minerals, metallurgical auxiliary raw materials minerals, building materials nonmetallic minerals and colored stone minerals. Yunnan mineral resources are characterized by many kinds, complete varieties, relatively concentrated distribution, rich and high-quality mineral reserves, and many associated components.

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The development of history

In 279 BC, Zhuang Xia, a general of Chu State, entered Dianchi Lake and established Dian State.

22 1 year ago, Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, established counties (now Qujing) in northeast Yunnan, and opened Wuchi Road to connect with the mainland.

109 years ago, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Guo Chang, a general, to Yunnan to conquer Southwest Yi, and set up Yizhou County and Twenty-four Counties to govern Dianchi County (now Qujing), which opened up a trade route to Myanmar and India.

During the Three Kingdoms period, in 225, Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, led his army to surrender to Meng Huo, the most famous name in South China.

In 1930s, cuan clan entered Yunnan, and Chen Xian became king in Kunchuan (now Qujing), and cuan clan ruled for 400 years.

Nanzhao State and Dali State were in the Tang Dynasty. In 738, the leader of Mengshezhao tribe in Erhai area merged with five other imperial edicts to establish Nanzhao State, which was named the king of Yunnan by the Tang Dynasty. The capital Taihe City (now Dali City) was established the following year.

In 902, Zheng Maisi, the powerful minister of Nanzhao, acceded to the throne and became the chief minister.

In 929, Zhao Shanzheng destroyed the big factory and the country and established Datianxing. The following year, Dongchuan ordered Yang Gan to destroy Da Tian and rejuvenate the country, and changed the country name to Dayining.

In 937, Duan Siping, a Bai nationality, destroyed righteousness and established Dali, the capital of Dali. The territory includes Yunnan province, Guizhou province, southwest Sichuan province, northern Myanmar and some areas of Laos and Vietnam.

During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Kublai Khan sent Mongolian troops to conquer Dali in 1253, and Yunnan Province was formally established in 1276. The provincial capital (Kunming) Zhongqing Road Semu Saidian Chiren Pingzhang Management Office. The development of important copper and silver mines in Yunnan accounts for more than half of the national output. A large number of Semu people and a small number of Mongolians migrated to Yunnan, forming today's Hui and Mongolians.

138 1 year, the Ming emperor Hongwu sent generals Fu Youde and Mu Ying to attack Yunnan, destroyed Liang Wang in the Yuan Dynasty, and Han immigrants began to enter Yunnan in large numbers.

At the end of Ming Dynasty, Emperor Li Yong of Nanming fled to Yunnan.

In the early years of Qing Dynasty, 1659, the then king Wu Sangui was sent to hunt down Li Yong.

1662 Wu Sangui recaptured the emperor Li Yong from Myanmar and hanged him in Kunming. Wu Sangui is stationed in Yunnan.

From 1856 to 1873, the Hui people in Yunnan established the Du Wenxiu regime with Dali as the center. After the war, the population of Hui nationality in Yunnan decreased greatly.

In the late Qing Dynasty, Britain conquered Myanmar and France conquered Vietnam. The forces of the two countries had a certain influence on Yunnan. Several trading ports have been opened in the border areas: Tengchong, Mengzi and Simao.

19 10, the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway (Kunhe Railway) invested by France was opened to traffic.

1909, the Qing Dynasty implemented the New Deal, and Yunnan organized a new army to establish the Army Wujiangtang.

After the Qing Dynasty19110 October 30th (the Double Ninth Festival), Cai E and Tang led the new army to launch the Double Ninth Festival uprising and broke away from the Qing Dynasty.

19 15 12.25, Cai E and Tang launched a national defense movement against Yuan Shikai.

During the Republic of China, the Dian army formed a separatist regime in Yunnan, and Tang, Long Yun and others ruled Yunnan successively.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, from 65438 to 0938, the Yunnan-Myanmar Highway, which paid a huge price, was completed, becoming the only communication route between China and the outside world.

1942, more than 65,438+10,000 Chinese expeditionary forces entered Myanmar from Yunnan to cooperate with the British and Japanese troops. The Japanese army defeated the British army, entered Huitong Bridge along the Yunnan-Myanmar Highway, and confronted the China army across the Nujiang River for two years.

From 1938 to 1946, Tsinghua University, Peking University and Nankai University jointly run a school in Kunming, which was then called National Southwest United University.

/KLOC-During the construction of the Third Line in the 1960s (the factory moved to the inland areas west of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, south of the Great Wall and north of Shaoguan), the railway connecting Yunnan and the mainland was completed, and Guikun Railway 1966, chengdu-kunming railway 1970 and Nankun Railway 1997 were opened to traffic.

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Famous scenic spot

Key scenic spots

stone forest

Lugu Lake

Old Town of Lijiang

Erhai

Parallel flow of three rivers

Shangri-La

Jade Dragon Snow Mountain

Xishuangbanna

Tengchong volcanic geothermal

World Heritage (3)

Old Town of Lijiang (UNESCO World Cultural Heritage, 1997)

Parallel rivers (UNESCO World Natural Heritage, 2003)

Yulong Mountain in Lijiang, Yunnan

Shilin (UNESCO World Natural Heritage, 2008)

National scenic spots (12)

Southern Shandong Stone Forest, Dianchi Lake, Jiuxiang, Dali, Yulong Snow Mountain, Three Parallel Rivers, Puzhehei in Qiubei, Tengchong Geothermal Volcano, Ruili River-Dayingjiang River, Jianshui, Xishuangbanna and Aru Ancient Cave in Luxi.

Matters needing attention in Yunnan tourism

1, the temperature difference in Yunnan is large every morning and evening (12~ 15℃), so please pay attention to dress to prevent colds; The climate is relatively dry, please pay more attention to drinking water when going out;

2. Yunnan is located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with strong outdoor ultraviolet radiation. Pay attention to sun protection and bring sun protection products;

3. Lijiang, Shangri-La, Deqin and other places have higher altitudes, so pay attention to rest to prevent mountain reactions;

4. Next to the cable car station under the Yulong Snow Mountain in Lijiang, there are winter clothes and oxygen bags for rent, and guests can rent them according to their own needs; When queuing at the cable car station, please pay attention to the people in front to avoid being cut in line by tourists from other tour groups, causing you to wait with the group and delay your trip;

5. When riding a horse or riding a yak in Lijiang, Shangri-La, Deqin and other places to take photos at your own expense, please also pay attention to safety, obey the arrangement of the owner, and don't do anything that scares animals, so as not to hurt yourself; Lijiang Sunflower Book describes that the horses in Lashihai are the most docile, while those who ride horses in Shangri-La should be careful not to do strenuous exercise to prevent altitude sickness.

6. When going out to take photos, please pay attention to safety and don't shoot or climb in dangerous areas;

7. Please shop around for souvenirs and local products. At the same time, be careful not to touch the displayed samples at will to prevent accidental damage;

8. The general temperatures in Yunnan from mid-August to September are: Kunming 19~28℃, Dali 18~28℃ and Lijiang 16~28℃.

9. Don't walk too fast in the area above 2800 meters above sea level, or you will feel lack of oxygen. Don't be superstitious and rely on oxygen. Don't be too nervous, take a deep breath.

10, Kunming, Dali and Lijiang belong to the southwest monsoon climate of the plateau, with large temperature difference between day and night and low temperature at night.

1 1. Personal belongings: short-sleeved T-shirts, coats, sun protection products, rain gear, etc.

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