Liaoning Fengcheng Manchu surname Guan belongs to which of the Eight Banners? Who are the ancestors?

Immigration is a feature of China's ethnic minorities. So is Jurchen Guarga. During the 700 years from the Jin Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, the Guaer family had five migration climaxes. The migration trend is from south to north; Move from economically backward areas to economically prosperous and progressive areas. The reasons for migration are generally due to the unbalanced development of productive forces and the changes in social and political situation. As a result of immigration, Guardja spread all over the country, which promoted the development of Guardja.

The first migration climax of Guaer family in Jin Dynasty. 1 105, nuzhen, with Wanyan Department as the core, established the Jin Dynasty under the leadership of leader Wanyan Akuta. 1/kloc-0 was destroyed by Liao in 25 years, and was overthrown in the northern song dynasty. 1 153, moved the capital to yanjing (Beijing). Ruled by the Jin Dynasty, it reached the Huaihe River in the south, Xing 'anling in the north, the coast in the east and Mongolia in the west. In order to maintain their rule, the Jin Dynasty moved most of the Nuzhen people to the Central Plains to settle down. At the same time, in order to adapt to the management in the southeast of Northeast China, including Suifenhe, Tumen River East and Linhai areas in the northeast of Changbai Mountain, a considerable number of jurchen people moved to this area to settle down. These jurchens are mainly distributed in the Baishan section of Changbai Mountain. It is distributed in Wugulun Department and Aotun Department of Tumen River, Hunchun River and Suifen River. Distributed in Wuyan section of Gaya River in Yanbian; Ministry of Education and Ministry of Professional Ethics, distributed in Suifenhe River Basin; It is distributed in Mantuo part of Tumen River basin. And in the Yalu River (now in the Soviet Union), that is, the Hongyan Department of the Yalu River. Some of these Nuzhen people lived in this area in the Jin Dynasty. Among them, there are many jurchen in Guaer's family. According to North Korea's records of the Li Dynasty, many Guarga people settled here in the Ming Dynasty.

The second migration climax of Guaer family at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the Yuan Dynasty declined and lost control of the Mongolian ministries and Nuzhen in Northeast China. The Ming Dynasty was founded in 1368. In order to seize the dominance of Northeast China, the Ming Dynasty waged a fierce struggle with the remnants of Mongolia, but at this time it was no longer able to effectively rule the Nuzhen ministries in Northeast China. In this turbulent and chaotic situation, the contradictions among the Nuzhen ministries in Heilongjiang and the middle and lower reaches of Songhua River intensified and they migrated one after another. Some Jurchens in Guarga, who originally lived in the five countries of Liao, migrated from the middle and lower reaches of Heilongjiang and Songhua River to Suifenhe, Tumen River and northeastern Korea in the Jin Dynasty. 1445 The official version of Song of Dragonfly and Yutian recorded the distribution, ethnic name, position, jurchen name, Chinese name, etc. Among them, Wuliang Haguerga, a Korean surnamed Wang, lives in Tumen River basin and northeastern China; Jurchen Uygur Di haggar Jia Begging for Wood and Da Bina live in Ning 'an County, Heilongjiang Province. Brother A lives near Dunhua, Jilin; Kuo' er saw that my Diya Guargatu had moved to Hunchun River Basin in Jilin Province. 1407, Tuchenggai (Tuchengha) served as the music temperature and health command set by the Ming Dynasty. In addition, it also recorded the Guarga people living in North Korea. In the late Ming Dynasty, these Nuzhen were called Valka Nuzhen. Valka is homophonic with Guarga, and Valka is named after Guarga. In the Eight Banners Manchu genealogy, it is recorded that Su Wanbu, the most prominent and influential clan in Guarga at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, had three brothers. My brother Foer lived in Suzhou and Anhui, and my second brother Niya Haqi moved to Xibei, later renamed Xibei and Gual Chazu, and my last brother Zhu Cha moved from Suzhou and Anhui to Sile Wen Wei via Valka. This Guarga family lived in the north of Hunchun River and Tumen River in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. The seventh generation of Jucha Sogo moved westward to Fei 'ala (now Xinbin County, Liaoning Province).

The third migration climax in Guarga in the late Ming Dynasty. At that time, the rule of the Ming Dynasty became increasingly corrupt. Nuerhachi, the leader of Jianzhou Jurchen, at the foot of Chimney Hill by the Perilla River, rose up. He took the force as the backing and the appeal as the means to treat the Nuzhen people in all parts of Northeast China. In this situation, the Ming Dynasty gradually lost control of the Nuzhen people living in Heilongjiang and moved to Suifenhe, Yalong and Tumen rivers. These Nuzhen people have a historical relationship with the ancestors of Nuerhachi, so they moved to Feiala, the political and military center of Nuerhachi in Jianzhou at the end of the Ming Dynasty. According to the records of Nuerhachi, the Qing emperor, 1588, Suoguosu, the head of Guarga, led 500 families to return home. When Fei Yingdong was twenty-five years old, Nurhachi appointed him as one of the five ministers and betrothed his granddaughter (the daughter of Nurhachi's eldest son Ying Ying) to Fei Yingdong as his wife. Fei Yingdong was ordered by Nurhachi to lead his troops to appeal to Nuzhen in Gajia Road, Anzhen Laku Road, Yalan Road, Xilin Road, Woji Department Urguchen Road and Mulun Road in Volka. Nurhachi also sent people to Ningguta, Nimacha, Suifenhe and Nandu Road to bring people in, and surrendered and captured tens of thousands of jurchen in Suifenhe, Hunchun River and Yalong River, among which Guarga occupied a considerable proportion. At the same time, Guarga people living in Heilongjiang, Songhua River, Mudanjiang, Changbai Mountain, Urals, Hada, Huifa, Yehe and other places have also moved to Feiala. The Eight Banners' General Score-a four-volume book records the migration of hundreds of people from various families in Guarga.

The fourth migration climax of Guaer family in early Qing Dynasty. 16/After the establishment of Nurhachi in 0/6, 1625, Nuzhen entered Liaoshen area and moved to Liaoyang, and 1626 moved to Shenyang. Nurhachi died on 1626, and his son Huang taiji succeeded him. 1635, Huang taiji changed Nuzhen to Manchuria, and the word Manchuria officially entered the historical stage of China. 1636 After the reform, gold was cleared. From then on, the Qing Dynasty began a war to seize state rule, and Huang Taiji died in 1643. 1644, his son Fu Lin succeeded to the throne. In the same year, the Qing army defeated the peasant army and seized Beijing. In order to fix the central political power and strengthen the ruling power in the whole country, the Qing Dynasty mobilized the soldiers of the Eight Banners and their families on a large scale, which was called "entering the customs from the dragon". 1644 At the beginning of May, Fu Lin's uncle Dourgen took the lead in leading the Eight Banners into Beijing. On August 22nd, the emperor shunzhi led the Eight Banners of Shengjing to the south. At that time, the situation was: men and women helped each other, trenches continued, wheels collided, filled the road, and flowed endlessly. Obviously, the migration scale of the Eight Banners is very large. In this migration, the vast majority of Guarga entered the pass, and few people stayed outside. After Gualdine moved to Beijing, in addition to being stationed in Beijing, Gualdine was also assigned to more than 90 garrisons all over the country. In Manchu genealogy, the original preface of Fengcheng Guaer Family Genealogy says: When the emperor shunzhi decided the Central Plains, this clan entered the customs with the dragon and moved to smelly skin hutong in Beijing. According to the genealogy book of the Guarga family in Xiuyan, they lived in Shenhe River in Changbai Mountain and then followed the dragon to Beijing. The preface of the new guest "Manchu Suwan Guarga Family Tree" said: I originally lived in Changbai and moved to Beijing during the Shunzhi period. According to more than ten volumes of Guaer genealogy collected now, it is recorded that this family entered the customs with the dragon and moved to Beijing in the first year of Shunzhi. Immigrants spread Manchu and Guarga in important areas of the country, deepened the ties with the Han nationality, and promoted the further development of Manchu and Guarga. However, this migration also left few Manchu people in the northeast. According to historical records at that time, there were only a few hundred people in Gaizhou, Fengcheng and Jinzhou at that time, and the whole Liaoning area was barren, dilapidated and dilapidated. In this situation, it restricted and influenced the economic development of Northeast China, and attracted the attention of the rulers of Qing Dynasty.

The fifth migration climax of Guaer family in Kangxi period. 1686, Emperor Kangxi sent assistant minister Sahai from the official department, assistant minister Sabihan from the household department and bachelor Qi Chun from the cabinet to Fengcheng to inspect the wasteland. In the same year, Emperor Kangxi sent the Eight Banners to Fengcheng and Benxi to reclaim land. Two out of every sixteen people were planted, and the remaining fourteen people were given rations and farm tools. At the same time, a large number of Eight Banners troops were deployed; He also sent the remaining "San Francisco" to all parts of Northeast China, and worked as strong men in Taiding, Zhanding and Guanzhuang to reclaim land. According to the Records of the Eight Banners compiled in the Qing Dynasty 1796, there were 67 officers and men of the Eight Banners in the 8th century1person, with an estimated population of about 20,000.

According to the Records of Guanmen Clan Tribe in Jinxian County, the ancestors of Guan moved from Beijing to Shengjing in the 26th year of Kangxi (1686), and the banner of Jinzhou City under Shengjing's jurisdiction belonged to Manchu Zhengbai Banner. Xiuyan's Guaer Family Tree records that Emperor Sheng Zuren (Emperor Kangxi) moved my ancestors from Beijing to Shengjing Xiuyan. Kaiyuan's Guaer Family Tree records that in the twenty-sixth year of Kangxi, Guan was sent to Kaiyuan for garrison. According to the genealogy of Fengcheng Guaer family, this clan moved from Beijing to Fengcheng in the 26th year of Kangxi. The following is the migration of various clans extracted from some collected Guarga genealogy books:

Guarga migration table

Regional genealogical name migration marker point

The Guaer family in Fengcheng moved to the perilla River in the middle of Ming Dynasty, entered the customs in the eighth year of Shunzhi, and moved to Fengcheng in the twenty-sixth year of Kangxi. Zhenghongqi

The * * * spectrum of the nine nationalities of Yuan Xian in Guarga, Benxi originally saw Fusco from the love of Changbai Mountain in Anqilaku, Jiangsu, Anhui. Xiang hongqi

Benxi Guan family tree originally lived in Changbai Mountain, then moved to Xingjing, Shengjing and Beijing, and moved to Zhengbai Banner in Benxi County in Yongzheng four years.

The genealogy of the Guaer family in Xinbin, Jiangsu and Anhui originally lived in Changbai Mountain, and moved to Beijing during Shunzhi and Shengjing during Kangxi. Xiangbaiqi

The genealogy of the Guarga family in Xiuyan originally lived in Changbai Mountain, which was closed during the Shunzhi period and allocated to Xiuyan in the eighth year of Shunzhi. Eight banners Manchu

The genealogy of Guan family in Liaoyang originally lived in Changbai Mountain and moved to Zhenglan Banner in Liaoyang in the early Qing Dynasty.

Huanren's closed imperial clan originally lived in Changbai Mountain and entered the customs in the early years of Shunzhi. In the twenty-sixth year of Kangxi, it was transferred to Jinzhou and then moved to Huanren. Xiangbaiqi

The genealogy of Guan family in Kaiyuan originally lived in Changbai Mountain, and moved to Kaiyuan in the fourth year of Kangxi. Border yellow flag

Kaiyuan Guan genealogy Kangxi moved from Beijing to Kaiyuan Zhenghongqi in the 26th year.

Jinxianguan tribe moved its capital to Beijing in the early Qing Dynasty, and moved to Jinzhou in the 26th year of Kangxi. Xiangbaiqi