The third period of history: The Western Zhou Dynasty enfeoffed many first-class dukes. Why didn't they become big countries in the Spring and Autumn Period?

Zhou's ancestors originated from the Huangdi clan. In the Xia Dynasty, the leader of the Zhou clan was abandoned as "Hou Ji" to take charge of farming. Therefore, Zhou clan is a tribe good at agricultural farming, which greatly promoted Zhou's economic development. By then, Zhou has developed into a big vassal state that can compete with Yin merchants. Zhou Wenwang was one of the outstanding rulers in the history of Zhou Dynasty. During his reign, with the help of Jiang Shang, a military strategist, he began to prepare for the "Maoshang", destroyed Maoshang, Maoshang, Chongshang and other countries successively, and moved the capital to Yufeng (southwest of Xi 'an), thus completing the pincer-like encirclement of merchants. In the second year after moving the capital, Wen Wang died, and his son succeeded to the throne, the famous one, which continued the Zhou Dynasty's action of destroying commerce. In the ninth year of King Wu, Zhou held a governors' meeting in Jin Meng, and formed an alliance with the governors to crusade against Shang and Zhou together. From then on, King Wu defeated the Shang army in Muye, seized the Shang Dynasty and ended its rule.

After the King of Wu conquered the Shang Dynasty, he basically controlled the original ruling area and conquered many small countries around him. However, how the Duke of Zhou firmly controlled the vast territory of the East became a serious problem facing King Wu. Therefore, he adopted the policy of "feudal kinship, relying on governors to sift through the Zhou Dynasty", enfeoffed clansmen with the same surname and meritorious counselors, and established vassal states. One vassal state after another became the stronghold of the ruling party's land, and they also played a role in defending the Zhou royal family. There are three reasons for the first feudalization of Zhou Wuwang: First, to appease the Yin people, and at the same time to monitor them; Secondly, it is to carry out armed immigration to expand its power; There is also to win people's hearts and consolidate the rule of the Zhou Dynasty.

And Zhou Gonggong * * * enfeoffed 7 1 country, among which there were 53 princes with the surname of Ji, indicating that there were two feudal dynasties in the early Zhou Dynasty, and most of the enfeoffed princes were children with the same surname, followed by heroes. Under the feudal system, the king of Zhou, also known as the "son of heaven", had a high authority, and the function of the enfeoffment system was to make them the screen ministers of the central government. In addition, the titles of governors are divided into five categories: public, Hou, Bo, Zi and Gong. Governors must obey the emperor's orders, pay tribute to him, appear before him regularly, and lead troops to fight with him.

78 1 years ago, Zhou Youwang succeeded to the throne, and he appointed a profit-making father, Shiguo, to be in power. Political corruption aroused the resentment of Chinese people. Three years (779 BC) failed to cut the Sixth Army; At the same time, natural disasters were frequent, and the internal and external affairs of the Zhou Dynasty were difficult. Wang You, who loves you and praises you, abolished the daughter of Shen Hou and Prince Yijiu, made her a favorite beauty, and her son Fu Bo (a dish) became a prince. Yijiu fled to Shen, and Yijiu's mother was the daughter of Shen Hou. Shen Hou joined forces with Gou Guo and Xi Gou to attack You Wang. He killed the king at the foot of Mount Li, and Quan Rong took the opportunity to plunder a lot of treasures. The Western Zhou Dynasty is over. With the help of governors, Yi Jiu ascended the throne, took Wang Ping as the land, and moved to Luoyi the following year. Since then, history has entered the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The change of Zhou's status is the main reason for the disintegration of its feudal system.

Feudalism is a top-down system headed by the emperor. Since moving to the east, due to the suspicion of killing his father and the support of his ministers, his status has been declining day by day, and finally "the king's life has failed." It was the time when the feudal lords rose and the hegemonic era began. In order to meet the needs, counties sprouted, the world flourished, the upper and lower classes broke down, the status of civilians rose, and the power of economic education was decentralized. With the passage of time, the patriarchal clan system gradually disappeared and the feudal system faced collapse. The three schools were divided into Jin and the Warring States period began, and the above situation developed more vigorously, and the trend of change was unstoppable. "There were 8,800 countries at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, and only 124 countries were left at the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, countries annexed weak countries and generally took their land as their county. Because of the destruction of the country, there are special counties, counties and official posts. The feudal system gradually became a county system. " After the Qin Dynasty destroyed the Six Kingdoms, it abolished the feudal system and established a centralized monarchy.