How was the title of British Empire established?

On the surface, Britain expanded its territory through the Spanish-British War, the seven-year war between Britain and France and the three wars between Britain and Holland, and became an "empire that never sets". Although Britain's becoming an "empire that never sets" is closely related to the war, there are still many reasons why Britain has become an "empire that never sets".

Politically speaking, Britain was the first country to formulate relevant policies to promote the development of capitalism. With the development of capitalist industry and commerce, it followed the trend of opening up new routes and colonized the world.

Elizabeth's development of the "state religion" reconciled the religious contradictions in Britain at that time. Coupled with the influence of the industrial revolution, it accelerated Britain's foreign aggression and accumulated wealth.

Ideologically speaking, in this environment,

There is a kind of "mercantilism" in Britain, which has great influence at home. Under the combined effect of these reasons, Britain has gradually become an "empire that will never fall".

First, the development of modern Britain economically,/kloc-In the second half of the 5th century, Britain was changing from the traditional feudal mode of production to the capitalist mode of production.

/kloc-in the second half of the 0/4th century, handicraft production mode rose in some northern cities in Europe and Italy, and capitalist production relations appeared. These areas became rich rapidly, affecting the whole of Europe. After seeing the development of these Italian cities, the British government began to encourage the development of industry, commerce and navigation.

From 1487 to 1522, Diaz, Magellan, Columbus and others successively opened two new air routes from Europe. These two routes, one goes east, along West Africa to India, and the other goes west across the Atlantic Ocean to the United States.

The opening of these two new sea routes is of epoch-making significance to the development of Europe as a whole. Europe's shipping center began to shift from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic coast. The English Channel became the most important international trade sea passage at that time, and the British Isles also became the shipping center at that time. Stimulated by this, the British capitalist economy flourished.

In agriculture, the traditional British agriculture mainly focused on sheep industry, and the prosperous sheep industry naturally gave birth to wool spinning technology. In the past, most of the wool produced in Britain was exported as raw material. Later,

Immigrants brought advanced textile technology, and the wool textile industry in Britain gradually developed. /kloc-In the 5th century, Britain changed from a big exporter of wool to a big exporter of woolen cloth. The development of wool textile industry has led to social and economic changes in Britain as a whole.

With the development of textile industry, many businessmen saw that raising sheep was profitable, so "enclosure movement" took place in Britain.

At that time, the traditional aristocrats in rural areas used violence to drive away farmers, occupied commune land and farmers' cultivated land, and then hired migrant workers with low wages to graze for them. In this case, many farmers lost their land and became refugees. But this movement also gradually ended the feudal economy in Britain and gradually turned to the emerging capitalist economy.

Under the influence of the "enclosure movement", workers were separated from the means of labor, the traditional relations of production were transformed into wage labor, and the former land nobles were also transformed into upstarts, thus completing the early capital accumulation.

At the same time, the national consciousness of England in Britain was awakened at this moment. At that time, Queen Elizabeth I was the second daughter of Henry VIII, who reigned for 45 years and had a great influence on the development of the whole British history.

In medieval Europe, there was always the custom of royal marriage between countries. Elizabeth was only 25 years old when she acceded to the throne, which was the age for marriage. At that time, the kings of Spain, Sweden and France all proposed to her.

But the royal marriage is naturally not as free as the civilians. Elizabeth's choice is related to the development of Britain as a whole. A little carelessness may involve Britain in the endless disputes between countries in continental Europe at that time.

In order to avoid such consequences, she rejected these suitors with various excuses and finally chose not to marry for life. In terms of ideology, Elizabeth's influence on the British people can be said to be at the same level as Shakespeare's.

In terms of religious belief, Elizabeth also handled it well. At that time, there were two major religions in Britain, one was Catholicism, the other was Protestantism, and Elizabeth. In order to ease the religious conflict at that time, she wisely chose the "state religion" between the two and promulgated relevant laws to consolidate the king's position as the leader of the English church.

The establishment of the "state religion" also makes the beliefs of the British people obviously different from those of other European countries. In the hands of popes in other European countries, they have extremely high rights and can even compete with kings. In this way, Elizabeth can fundamentally guarantee the unity and stability within Britain.

Politically speaking, the implementation of British politics has also promoted the further development of capitalization. Elizabeth transformed the traditional aristocratic politics into bureaucratic politics, realized political modernization and laid the foundation for the rise of Britain.

At the same time, she also vigorously promoted the development of capitalism, promulgated many policies to reward industry and commerce and navigation, and authorized businessmen to organize trading companies and actively develop foreign trade.

At that time, Spain was the strongest maritime power in Europe. In order to challenge Spain's absolute position, Britain vigorously developed its navy and even publicly supported pirates to rob and harass Spanish merchant ships. He was also awarded the title of pirate knight, which is to some extent the reason why the British fleet was able to defeat the Spanish Armada.

The development of scientific and technological industrial revolution has played an inestimable role in the modernization of Britain as a whole.

The industrial revolution not only changed the traditional mode of production, but also liberated people's minds and showed people the economic value that knowledge can create.

According to relevant data, the great inventions produced in the whole18th century are the sum total created by human beings in the past thousands of years.

Second, the formation and development of the empire 1600, Britain established the "East India Company" with the support of Queen Elizabeth I. With the support of the government, the East India Company colonized and encroached on India by violent means, and finally conquered the whole Indian mainland, which also provided the original accumulation of capital for the further development of Britain.

At the same time, during the Elizabethan period, Britain also established the "African Company", which was responsible for the slave trade. By the18th century, Britain became the largest slave trading country in the world, and it also made huge profits from this transaction.

In order to further compete for colonial hegemony and expand overseas colonies, Elizabeth constantly provoked wars during her reign and defeated Spain at 1588. At that time, many officials of the Elizabethan dynasty advocated overseas expansion through trade, but unfortunately, this idea was not recognized in the whole environment of quick success and instant benefit.

After that, although Spain was defeated, it still expanded overseas. With the independence of the Netherlands, there was another maritime colonial power, and the Netherlands soon surpassed Spain, Portugal and Britain to become the largest trading power in the world at that time.

Britain launched three wars with the Netherlands during the period of 1652~ 1674 to ensure its maritime colonial rights and interests. Although the Netherlands is only a small country, these three wars have won and lost each other, and the strength of both sides has been hurt. Britain was almost dragged down in this war, which also forced Britain to reflect on its strategic mistakes.

During the war between the two countries, France gained a lot of land and economic benefits in its vigorous development, and gradually became stronger and became one of the strongest countries in Europe.

From 1756 to 1763, Britain launched the war between Britain and France. At the beginning of the war, France was always in the upper hand, but by 1758, France was divided by the European battlefield and the colonial war at sea was defeated.

At this time, Britain has accumulated strength and mastered the dominance of the war. 18 15 Battle of Waterloo Britain finally defeated France and became the most powerful empire in the world.

Summary: There are many reasons why Britain has become an empire. Firstly, it was supported by the government, and secondly, it benefited from the previous asset accumulation and the support of the industrial revolution, which promoted the development of British capitalism. These reasons provide a strong guarantee for the rise of the British Empire, making Britain a real "empire that never falls".