The oldest mummy in North America reveals ancient immigrants.

Professor esk Willers Lev and Donna Joy, and two members of the Fallon Paterson tribe. Linus Mock, a maggs film, dressed in moccasins and rabbit skin shroud, was buried in a cave in Nevada, about 10600 years ago. Now, his mummy is helping scientists fill in the vague picture of how humans first immigrated to America.

Scientists have sequenced the genome of Ling Xue Mummy, the oldest human mummy found in North America, and 65,438+04 other ancient individuals from America. The genome reveals the mummy's native American ancestry, which enables his living descendants to bury him properly.

According to a study published in Science on18, the DNA similarity of people from northern Alaska and southern Patagonia shows that the first settlers on the mainland soon spread. David Melzer (David Melzer of Southern Methodist University) said in a statement: "In the photo, human bones illuminate the first Americans."

"These findings mean that the first people were very skilled when crossing a completely strange and empty land." They own the whole continent, and they travel at an amazing speed.

America is the last continent in the world to be colonized by human beings. For most of the 20th century, scientists thought they had a reliable explanation for this migration: hunter-gatherers living in Siberia chased large prey on the Bering Continental Bridge, just like mammoths. After the last ice age, the melting glaciers opened an ice-free passage, enabling these pioneers to spread southward.

But in the past few decades, American stories have become more complicated. Archaeologists have discovered camps, such as Monteverde in Chile, which existed long before the ice-free corridor. It is believed that the ice-free corridor was opened about 13000 years ago. Some scholars think that the first Americans may have arrived by boat along the Pacific coast. New DNA evidence also provides clues for the origin of early populations, but so far, the sample size of ancient genetic material in North America is still quite small.

In addition to the new genome in Science, another study published in Cell magazine last week studied the DNA of 49 people who lived in North America and South America about1/kloc-0 from 000 to 3000 years ago.

Genetic analysis in Science magazine also shows that the ancestors of Native Americans split into different groups, some of which have never been discovered before. For example, there are some South American aborigines of Australasian descent. "When Native Americans arrived in this area, they carried this genetic signal.

This group already exists in South America, or the Australasian group arrived later. "Victor Moreno Maiar, the first author of this study, said in a statement that this signal was not recorded in North America before, which means that the early group that owned it has disappeared, or the group that arrived later passed through North America without leaving any genetic traces.

Research also shows that people in the spiritual cave are genetically closer to other contemporary people than contemporary native Americans. It is very important to prove this relationship for the Fallon Paiute Shawn tribe living near the Ghost Cave. They claimed that the man's remains were ancestors and were finally reburied according to the American Indian Grave Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).

This mummy was discovered in 1940 and kept in the museum for many years. The tribe's request for repatriation was rejected, and officials raised objections to the man's ancestors.

"Members of the tribe and the scientific community have a lot of experiences, most of which are negative," the tribe said in a statement, adding that the new research "confirms everything we know from oral traditions and other aspects."