The Population and Nationalities in Dongqiaokou Town

Tongzhi for 3 years (1864), there are 1 170 households with 7022 people in this town. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), it increased to 12539.

Republic of China period

In the early days, people were in a state of chaos, social unrest and frequent natural disasters. By 17 (1928), the population is only 12800. /kloc-from 0/7 to 23 years, the Kuomintang troops carried out "township cleaning" and "encirclement and suppression" on the old revolutionary base areas in Jiangbei, and the population of the whole town decreased from 1935 to 1 1500. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Zhujiadian, Jiajiaping, Baotahe and other places increased the expatriate population by 1.200, and the whole town increased by 1.945 households with 2705 people and 1.3525 people. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the immigrant population moved away one after another. By June 1949, the population of the whole town was 14855.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

At the end of 1949, the total population of the town was 15037, and it increased to 257 12 in 2005. From 1950 to 2005, the average annual natural growth rate was 8.29‰, and the population increased to 10675. During this period, from 1950 to 1958, the population increased by 2 104 in 9 years, with an average annual growth of13.78 ‰; 1960, population ratio 1959 decreased1529; During the periods of 196 1 ~ 1978 and 18, the population increased by 6,586 people, with an average annual increase of17.61‰; 1979, with a population of 24,823. From 1979 to 1993, the population increased by 1863 in 15, with an average annual increase of 4.67 ‰; 1993 to 2005, due to the gradual legalization of family planning work, 10 17 people moved out. The population of Wulidui and Honghualing villages was 2,252, and the total population of the town decreased by 974, with an average annual decrease of 3. 12‰. 1 natural population change

1949 to 2005, the population of the whole town naturally changed little, with an average of about 300 births and deaths, and most of the immigration cases were marriages.

2 changes in governance attributes

1July, 1993, Wulidui and Honghualing villages were incorporated into Guandukou Town with a population of 2,252.

3 disaster change

1959, due to the continuous drought in summer and autumn for 89 days, the population of the whole town starved to death due to the disaster.

4. Changes in emigration

Due to the construction needs of the Three Gorges Project, the town moved 10 17 people under the water level line of 175M reservoir to Qianjiang and Shayang. 1 gender composition

At the beginning of the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), at the end of 1949, there were 7,909 males and 7 128 females in the town, with the sex ratio of11:100; By 2000, the town's male population was 13406, the female population was 12532, and the sex ratio was107:100; In 2005, the male population was 13520, and the female population was 12 192, and the sex ratio was 1 1.9: 1000.

According to the census data, 1952 (the first time), the male population is 86 12, the female population is 7622, and the sex ratio is112.99:100; 1964 (the second time), there were 8785 males and 8452 females, with the sex ratio of103.9:100; 1982 (the third time), male population 13584, female population 12725, sex ratio106.8:100; 1990 (the fourth time), male 14978, female 13975, the sex ratio is107.18:100; In 2000 (the fifth time), male 12999 and female 12243, the sex ratio was106.17:100.

2 Age composition

According to the data of the fifth national census, in 2000, the total population of the town was 25,242, including 204 people aged 0, 1-412, and 5-9 10. 15- 19 population 2 10 1, 20-24 population 1557, 25-29 population 1962, 30-34 population 2539. 50-54 years old 1446, 55-59 years old 1026, 60-64 years old 9 14, 65-69 years old 667, 70-74 years old 542, 75-79 years old 392, 89.

The population aged 0-5 is 1666, accounting for 6.6% of the total population; The population aged 6- 14 is 4 138, accounting for16.39% of the total population; 65438+ 17577 people aged 05-64, accounting for 69.63% of the total population; The population over 65 years old is 186 1, accounting for 7.37% of the total population.

In 2005, the total population of the town was 257 12, of which 6,286 were 0- 17 years old, accounting for 24.45% of the total population. /kloc-7246 people aged 0/8-34, accounting for 28.18% of the total population; 8656 people aged 35-59, accounting for 33.67% of the total population; There are 3524 people over 60 years old, accounting for 13.70% of the total population.

3 Composition of marriage and family

According to the fourth census data, 1990, the total number of households in Dongqiaokou Township was 722 1 household, of which: 1 household was 34 1 household, accounting for 4.72%; 2 households 75 1 household, accounting for10.40%; 3 households 163 1 household, accounting for 22.59%; 4 households with 2352 people, accounting for 32.57%; 5 households 1409 households, accounting for19.5438+0%; 50 1 household with 6 households, accounting for 6.94%; 7 households 137 households, accounting for1.9%; 8 people and 88 households, accounting for1.22%; 9 households and 4 households, accounting for 0.05%; There are 7 households with 10, accounting for 0. 1%.

The fifth national census (2000) showed that the total number of urban households was 7 147, of which 548 households 1 person, accounting for 7.67%; 2 households 1009 households, accounting for14.12%; 3 households 1877 households, accounting for 26.26%; 2,280 people in 4 households, accounting for 31.90%; 5 households 1027 households, accounting for14.37%; 356 households with 6 people, accounting for 4.98%; 7 people and 45 households, accounting for 0.63%; There are 8 households with 3 households, accounting for 0.04%; 9 households, 2 households, accounting for 0.03%. According to the data of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth censuses, there are 3,595 households with a total population of16,374, and the population size of each household is 4.55. 1964 The total number of households is 3,887, the total population is17,237, and the population size is 4.43. 1982, with a total of 5,975 households, a total population of 26,309 and a population size of 4.40. 1990 The total number of households was 722 1, with a population of 27,728 and a population size of 3.84. In 2000, the total number of families was 765,438+047, with a population of 24,945 and a population size of 3.49.

4 the composition of intergenerational relations

There are 12 12 households in the town, accounting for16.96% of the total households; There are 4304 second-generation households, accounting for 60.22% of the households; The third generation households are 1584, accounting for 22.16% of the households; There are 47 households in the fourth generation, accounting for 0.66% of the households.

5 cultural composition

1964 In the second national census, there were 6,607 illiterate and semi-illiterate people in the area under the jurisdiction of Dongqiaokou, 3,363 with junior high school education, 502 with senior high school education, 79 with senior high school education and 2 with university education.

1982, the third census, there are 6,432 illiterate people in Dongqiaokou commune, primary school 1 1035, junior high school 4 1 16, senior high school 165438, university 003.

1990, in the fourth national census, the total population aged 6 and above was 25,235, including 3 undergraduates, 28 junior college students, 74 secondary school students, 5472 junior high school students and pupils.

In 2000, in the fifth national census, the total population over 6 years old was 23,576, including: college degree or above 194, accounting for 0.82%; High school and technical secondary school students 1435, accounting for 6.09%; There are 10459 people with junior high school education, accounting for 44.36%; Primary school education 99 13, accounting for 42.05%; Literacy classes 159, accounting for 0.67%; There are 14 16 people who have never attended school, accounting for 6.0 1%.

6. Composition of hukou nature

In 2005, the total population of the town was 257 12, of which: agricultural registered permanent residence was 2452 1 person, accounting for 95.37%; Non-agricultural registered permanent residence 1 19 1, accounting for 4.63%.

7 occupational composition

Since liberation for more than half a century, especially after the reform and opening up, the rural surplus labor force has shifted to the secondary and tertiary industries, and the occupational structure has undergone fundamental changes compared with the initial stage of liberation. In 2005, there were 10957 employees in the town, including 74 employees in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, accounting for 67.69%; Industry 1820 people, accounting for16.6438+0%; There are 700 people in the construction industry, accounting for 6.39%, and transportation 180 people, accounting for 3.47%; 500 people in commerce and catering industry, accounting for 4.56%; Other industries 140 people, accounting for 1.28%. Among the employees, there are 2370 migrant workers, accounting for 2 1.63%. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the productivity has been developing, the living standard has been improved, the medical conditions have been improved, the birth rate and infant survival rate have been greatly improved, and the mortality rate has been greatly reduced. Except 1959, the population of China is increasing year by year. Improve the quality of the population, control the population growth, and arouse social concern.

From 65438 to 0964, the birth rate in China was at its peak, with a birth rate of 43.93‰ and a net population growth rate of 44.92‰. 198 1 year, the second birth peak appeared in China, with a birth rate of 6 1.54‰ and a net population growth rate of 63.50‰. During 1987, the third birth peak occurred in China, with a birth rate of 33.08‰ and a net population growth rate of 33.64‰. After 1988, the domestic population showed a steady downward trend.

In order to effectively control the population growth, as early as 1979, Dongjiaokou Commune actively responded to the call of the county party committee and the county leather committee and equipped with family planning assistants. 1980 conscientiously implement the "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's open letter on controlling population growth to all league members in party member", adhere to the working policy of "advocating and encouraging the birth of one child, strictly controlling the birth of two children, and putting an end to multiple births", and establish that "cadres and workers have one child, rural population is allowed to have two children in three to five years, and birth with certificates is carried out and confiscated. Give preferential policies to the only child and commend them.

After 1983, the district and township established a working mechanism in which the top leaders of the party and government took overall responsibility, and improved the family planning network.

1988 to 2002, the top leaders of the party and government took overall responsibility, made clear the leadership in charge of family planning, set up a family planning office, implemented the Regulations on Family Planning in Hubei Province and the Regulations on Family Planning in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, set up family planning accounts by households, formed systematic management of "accounts, cards, tables, books and orders" and established an "outdoor bulletin board on family planning" At this stage, for the key stage of population control, the Party committee and government sent several task forces to carry out family planning surprise month activities at least in spring and autumn every year. Through careful publicity and education, a series of excellent measures have been taken, coupled with the rapid development of economy and society, the improvement of production and living consumption level and the increase of education funds, people's preference for sons has been overcome, the concept of fertility has been changed, and the order of family planning work has been further rationalized.

In 2002, after the promulgation and implementation of the Population and Family Planning Law of the People's Republic of China, the majority of couples of childbearing age exercised their informed choice of birth control measures according to law, and the population management was more standardized and the population was effectively controlled. During the three years from 2002 to 2005, the average annual natural population growth rate dropped to 1.38‰. 1964 In the second national census, the total population was 17237, including Han nationality 17235, accounting for 99.99%, and Tujia nationality 2, accounting for 0.0 1%.

1982, the third national census, with a total population of 26,309. Among them, there are 24,485 Han people, accounting for 93.07%; Tujia 1824, accounting for 6.93%.

1990, the fourth national census, with a total population of 28,953. Among them, there are 24,446 Han people, accounting for 84.43%; There are 4503 Tujia people, accounting for15.55%; 2 Tibetans, accounting for 0.01%; 1 Miao, accounting for 0.005%; Yi people 1 person, accounting for 0.005%.

At the time of the fifth national census in 2000, the total population was 25,242, including 2 1 142 Han people, accounting for 83.76%; There are 4094 Tujia people, accounting for16.22%; 5 Miao people, accounting for 0.02%; Hui nationality is 1. 1 determines the ethnic composition.

The population of this town is mainly Han and Tujia residents. Tujia nationality, with a long history, is hardworking and brave, but it has not been recognized by the rulers in the long history of politics, and has been insulted by "from Pakistan to foreigners, from foreigners to people, and from people to land". After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the people's government attached importance to the work of ethnic minorities and cared about their political, economic and cultural life.

1956, Premier Zhou Enlai and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation instructed to evaluate the ethnic composition of Tujia people in western Hubei.

1958 and 1980 organized special classes to carry out ethnic composition surveys.

198 1 year, the United Front Work Department of Enshi Prefecture Committee approved the 8 surnames of "Tan, Tian, Deng, Xiang, Qin, Liu, Chen and Zheng" in Badong as Tujia. Among them, Tan's "Zu, De, Wu, Lian and Kui" factions belong to the Han nationality.

1982, in the third census, there were 1824 Tujia people registered in China.

1990, in the fourth census, according to the relevant regulations, the population of Tujia people in China was re-approved as 4503. In 2000, due to the influence of emigration, the population of Tujia nationality in China was 4094 at the time of census registration.

2. Implement ethnic policies

After 1984, the party and the government gave Enshi minority college entrance examination students a preferential policy of 10-30 to encourage minority students to study hard.

Since 1996, the higher authorities have allocated 1.7 1 10,000 yuan from the ethnic affairs funds for the compulsory education of ethnic minorities in this town to solve the problem of poor ethnic minority students going to school; Free medical care for ethnic minorities is reduced by 26 1 10,000 yuan to solve the problem of difficult medical treatment for ethnic minorities.

The party and government attach importance to training minority cadres. In 2005, there were 13 party and government leaders, including 7 Tujia people, accounting for 53.85%. Tujia people account for 32.23% of teachers, medical staff and employees of other units in this town. Among the 626 party member of China * * * production party in the town, there are 155 Tujia people, accounting for 24.76%. Under the leadership of the Party, these ethnic minority cadres from party member are United with the people of the whole town and have made positive contributions to the revitalization and prosperity of Dongqiao. Since the establishment of 1983 in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, there has been no special ethnic management organization in the territory, and its ethnic and religious affairs work has been carried out by ethnic and religious affairs assistants of the Civil Affairs Office (Social Affairs Office) in six small towns after the withdrawal of the area and the merger of the township.