What is the geographical location, capital, official language and currency name of Canada?

It covers an area of 9,984,670 square kilometers, ranking second in the world, including 9,093,507 square kilometers of land and 89 1 1.630 square kilometers of fresh water.

The population is 32,422,900 (65,438 in 2006 10). Among them, British residents account for 28%, French residents account for 23%, other Europeans account for 15%, indigenous people (Indians, mites and Inuit) account for about 2%, and the rest are Asians, Latin Americans and Africans. There are about 6.5438+0.095 million people in China. English and French are both official languages. Among the residents, 45% believe in Catholicism and 36% believe in Protestantism.

Ottawa, the capital, is located in Ontario. The population of the Capital Region (including Ottawa, Ontario, Hull, Quebec and its surrounding towns) is 1 149000(2005), covering an area of 4662 square kilometers. The annual average maximum temperature is15 ~ 26℃ (July) and the minimum temperature is-16 ~-6℃ (65438+1October).

The head of state, Queen Elizabeth II. The Governor appointed by the Queen acts on his behalf. The Governor is nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Queen for a term of five years. The current Governor Michaelle Jean (female, Haitian) took office on September 27th, 2005.

National Day (Canada National Day), an important festival, is July 1.

This section is located in the north of North America. It borders the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west, Alaska in the northwest, the United States in the south and the Arctic Ocean in the north. The coastline is about 240 thousand kilometers long. The temperature in the east is slightly lower, the climate in the south is mild, the climate in the west is mild and humid, and the climate in the north is cold and tundra. The highest temperature in the midwest is above 40℃, and the lowest temperature in the north is as low as -60℃.

Originally inhabited by Indians and Inuit. /kloc-It became a colony of France and Britain in the 6th century and was ceded to Britain by France. 1867, Britain merged Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia into a federation, becoming the earliest dominion in Britain. Since then, other provinces have joined the Federation. From 65438 to 0926, Britain recognized Canada's "equal status" and Canada gained diplomatic independence. 193 1 became a member of the Commonwealth, and its parliament gained equal legislative power with the British parliament, but it still has no right to amend the constitution. 1982, the Queen of England signed the Canadian Constitution Act, giving the Canadian Parliament full power to formulate and amend the Constitution.

Since the establishment of the 1867 Federation, basically, the Liberal Party and the Progressive Conservative Party have taken turns to govern. 1993, the liberal party won the 35th federal parliamentary election, and Chretien became the prime minister. 1997 and the general elections in 2000, the Liberal Party won one after another, and Ke came to power again. In June 5438+February 2003, Chretien announced his retirement, and Paul Martin succeeded him as Prime Minister. In June 2004, Canada held a general election, and the Liberal Party won again, and Prime Minister Martin was re-elected. In the general election of 5438+ 10 in June 2006, the Conservative Party defeated the Liberal Party, and its leader stephen harper became the Prime Minister.

Quebec is a multi-ethnic country, mainly inhabited by British and French Canadians, the latter mainly concentrated in Quebec. The province covers an area of 65,438+0,542,000 square kilometers and has a population of 7,693,900 (in June, 2006, 65,438+0), of which 82% are French-speaking residents. In the 1980s, the ruling Quebec Party put forward the idea of "sovereignty-connection", that is, Quebec's political independence and economic ties with other parts of Canada. 1980, Quebec held the first provincial referendum on independence, and the independent claim was rejected as a result. 1993 5438+00 In June, the Quebec Group, which advocates Quebec independence, became the second largest political party in the federal parliament after the ruling party. 1In September, 1994, after the Quebec Party won the provincial election again, it put forward a draft resolution on the sovereignty law of Quebec. 1995 5438+00 In June, Quebec held another referendum on Quebec's independence. As a result, the unification faction won by a narrow majority, and the separatist crisis facing Canada temporarily subsided. 1In August 1998, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that Quebec had no right to unilaterally declare independence. In 2000, the Canadian Parliament passed a bill on Queequeg independence referendum rules, which set legal obstacles for Queequeg independence. In April, 2003, the Liberal Party defeated the Queequeg Party in the Quebec Provincial Assembly election, and the Queequeg independence movement further fell into a low tide.

Up to now, there is no complete constitution, which is mainly composed of constitutional bills passed in different historical periods, including1the British North America Act passed by the British Parliament in 867. According to the Constitution, Canada has a federal parliamentary system, with the King of England as the head of state and the Governor-General as the representative of the Queen of England in Canada. Both English and French are official languages. Constitutional purpose: peace, order and good governance.

Parliament consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Bills passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives become law after being signed by the Governor. The Governor has the power to convene and dissolve Parliament. The Senate has *** 105 seats, and the number of seats is allocated according to the population proportion of each province and historical practice. Senators are nominated by the Federal Chancellor and appointed by the Governor-General. 1965 Those who were employed before June 2 were appointed for life, and those who were employed after that were retired at the age of 75. Noel kinsella, Speaker of the Senate, took office in February 2006. The House of Representatives has 308 seats, and members of the House of Representatives are directly elected by federal constituencies in proportion to the population of each province. The term of office shall not exceed 5 years. The 39th election of the Federal House of Representatives was held in June 2006. The seats currently occupied are: Conservative Party 125, Liberal Party 102, Quebec Group 5 1, New Democracy Party 29, Independent Party 1. The Speaker of the House of Representatives is Peter milliken, a liberal who took office in April 2006.

The cabinet system of the government. The political party with a majority of seats in the House of Representatives forms the Cabinet, and its leader is the Prime Minister. The current cabinet was formed by the Conservative Party in February 2006. In addition to the Prime Minister, there are 26 ministers, a leader of the Senate and a leader of the House of Representatives. Mainly: Prime Minister stephen harper; David Emerson, Minister of International Trade and in charge of "Pacific Gateway Strategy" and 20 10 Winter Olympics; Peter Gordon MacKay, Foreign Minister and Canadian Atlantic Development Agency. Defense Secretary Gordon O 'Connor and Treasury Secretary James Michael Flaherty.

Administrative divisions are divided into 10 provinces and 3 regions. Each province has a governor, a provincial speaker, a governor and a provincial cabinet. Corresponding posts and institutions have also been established in this region.

Canada's judicial system has three levels of courts: federal courts, provincial courts and local courts (generally called municipal courts). Federal courts generally accept financial, maritime and related economic cases. The Supreme Court is composed of 1 justices and 8 jury judges. It mainly arbitrates major political, legal and constitutional issues appealed by the federal and provincial governments, as well as major civil and criminal cases. The decision of the Supreme Court is final. Judges of the Supreme Court are nominated by the Prime Minister, appointed by the Governor and retired at the age of 75. Ms Beverly McLachlin, Chief Justice, took office in June 2000. Vic Toyus, Minister of Justice and Attorney General, took office in February 2006. Each province has provincial high courts and provincial courts, which mainly try criminal cases and other important cases related to the province, but some provincial courts also try civil cases. Local courts usually hear civil cases.

Political Party (1) Conservative Party of Canada: the current ruling party, plus a right-wing party. It was formed in February 2003 by the merger of Canada's Improved Conservative Alliance Party and the Progressive Conservative Party, representing the monopoly capital of banking, insurance, railway transportation, energy industry and the interests of large farmers. Leader: stephen harper.

(2) Liberal Party: the official opposition party in Parliament. Established in 1873. Represent the interests of monopoly capital groups in the industry and give consideration to the interests of small and medium-sized enterprises. Leader: Bill Graham.

(3) Quebec block: founded in 1990. This group represents the interests of Quebec people and advocates Quebec independence. Leader: Gilles Dusep.

(4) The New Democracy Party: 196 1 is composed of the Civilian Cooperation Alliance and the Canadian Labour Congress. The party belongs to the Social Democratic Party, represents the interests of the middle and lower working classes, advocates enterprise public ownership and flaunts socialism. Leader: Jack Leighton.

Other political parties include: Social Credit Party, Canadian Party, Green Party and Canadian Production Party.

Important person Mitchell Joan: Governor. 1957 Born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. 1968 immigrated to Canada. Graduated from the University of Montreal with a bachelor's degree in Italian and a master's degree in comparative literature. Later, I went to the University of Milan and the University of Florence in Italy to study. I am proficient in five languages, including French, English, Spanish, Italian and Haitian. 1984- 1986 teaches in the Italian Department of Mongolian University. 65438-0988 Joined the French Department of Quebec of Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) as a reporter and program host. He made many documentaries about Cuba and Haiti, which gained great popularity in Quebec and won many awards. On September 27th, 2005, he became the 27th Governor-General of Canada, the youngest Governor-General in Canadian history, the first black Governor-General and the third Governor-General who worked as a journalist, and the first Governor-General from Quebec since 2 1. Married, husband Jean-Daniel Lafond, with a daughter adopted from Haiti.

Stephen harper: Prime Minister. Born in 1959, he graduated from the University of Calgary with bachelor's and master's degrees in economics and taught there for a short time. 1987 to help establish the Reform Party. In the federal election of 1988, he served as the main writer of the party. 1993 was elected as a federal representative and served as a spokesperson for the financial and national unity affairs of the Reform Party. 1997 Abandoned politics and became the chairman of the National League of Urban Residents. In March 2002, he was elected as the leader of the Alliance Party of Canada formed on the basis of the Reform Party. In may of the same year, he was re-elected as a member of the federal house of representatives and served as the official opposition leader of the parliament. The Alliance Party and the Progressive Conservative Party merged into the Canadian Conservative Party in June 5438+February 2003, and were elected as the party leader in March 2004. In 2006, 654381October 23rd won the general election and became the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada. Married with a son and a daughter.

Economic plus is one of the seven major industrial countries in the west. Manufacturing and high-tech industries are relatively developed, and resource industries, primary manufacturing and agriculture are also the main pillars of the national economy. In recent years, Canada's economic growth is relatively strong, and its growth rate is among the best among developed industrial countries. Building a country by trade, relying heavily on foreign capital and foreign trade, is deeply influenced by the United States economically. In 2005, the annual growth rate of Canadian economy was 2.9%. Inflation has been well controlled and the inflation rate is close to the central level of 1-3% set by the Bank of Canada. The unemployment rate gradually decreased, reaching 6.3% in March 2006, the lowest level in 365,438+0 years.

Gross Domestic Product (2005):1157.4 billion Canadian dollars.

Per capita GDP (2005): 35,698 Canadian dollars.

GDP growth rate (2005): 2.9%

Currency name: Canadian dollar. 1 CAD = 100 points

Exchange rate (average exchange rate in 2005): 1 USD = 1.2 Canadian dollars.

Inflation rate (2005): 2.2%

Unemployment rate (2005): 6.8%

Canada has a vast territory and is rich in forest and mineral resources. There are more than 60 kinds of minerals, the output of nickel, zinc, platinum and asbestos ranks first in the world, and uranium, gold, cadmium, bismuth and gypsum rank second in the world. Copper, iron, lead, potassium, sulfur, cobalt, chromium and molybdenum are abundant. The proven recoverable reserves of oil sands crude oil are about 654.38+0747 billion barrels, ranking second in the world after Saudi Arabia. The forest area is 4.4 million square kilometers, and the timber forest area is 2.86 million square kilometers, accounting for 44% and 29% of the national territory respectively; The total timber volume is 654.38+07.23 billion cubic meters. Canada covers an area of 890,000 square kilometers, and fresh water accounts for 9% of the world.

In 2005, the total output value of processing industry was 65.438+083.989 billion Canadian dollars, accounting for 654.38+06% of GDP. There are 2.207 million employees, accounting for 13.6% of the national employees. The total output value of the construction industry is 63.567 billion Canadian dollars, accounting for 5.5% of the GDP, and there are 65.438+0.002 million employees, accounting for 6.3% of the national employees.