Problems in Danjiangkou Reservoir

It is difficult to collect water charges.

In order to implement the spirit of the document 19971February 1 1/. The State Planning Commission 1250, Hubei Provincial Price Bureau and Water Resources Department presided over the coordination meeting on the implementation of water supply price in Danjiangkou Reservoir. At the same time, we also had extensive contacts and consultations with the price departments of Hubei Province and Henan Province. In order to make the water fee collection work smoothly, we have formulated the Interim Measures for the Collection of Water Fees of Danjiangkou Water Control Project, which was issued with the document Chang Shui Zheng Zi [20065438+0] No.488. At the same time, in order to verify the water intake, we also required all water users to install water metering facilities in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area with the document of Local Water Regulation [20065438+0] No.65438+02. The reason for the low water fee collection rate: 1, it is difficult to unify the understanding of all parties and coordinate the interests of all parties. In the implementation of Danjiangkou reservoir water price, because it involves the interests of local governments and related units, especially local governments that have direct interests with water supply, they overemphasize the interests of regions and units, which directly hinders the implementation of Danjiangkou reservoir water price. So far, except Shiyan City, Hubei Province, the price departments of Xiangyang City and Henan Province have not forwarded the charging documents of Danjiangkou Reservoir, which directly leads to the lack of policy basis for water fee collection.

2. Farmers' bearing capacity is limited, and the intermediate links are seriously intercepted. The water supply of Danjiangkou Reservoir is divided into two parts, one is agricultural water, the other is industrial and domestic water, most of which is agricultural irrigation water. The main water supply targets are Qingquangou Irrigation District in Hubei Province and Henan Irrigation District. The annual water supply in these two areas is 650 million cubic meters. Because this area belongs to the remote areas of Hubei Province and Henan Province, the local economy is underdeveloped, the per capita income of farmers is low, and the bearing capacity is limited. At the same time, for a long time, local governments have regarded agricultural irrigation water and water charges as an important source channel to supplement their own lack of funds. Therefore, cleaning up and rectifying intermediate links and hitchhiking fees will definitely touch the interests of local governments at the township level. 3. The water price of Xiangyang diversion irrigation area does not include Danjiangkou project water price, so it is difficult for Henan diversion irrigation area to pay. The current water price of Xiangyang diversion irrigation area does not include the water supply price of Danjiangkou Reservoir. If the water fee is charged, the water price should be re-approved. Xiangyang Price Bureau thinks that Hubei Province should carry out water price reform, and hopes to consider the water supply fee of Danjiangkou Reservoir after the new water price policy in Hubei Province is introduced. Yindan Irrigation District in Henan Province thinks that local farmers have limited bearing capacity, low water fee collection rate, unable to pay wages and impossible to pay water fees.

4. Water fee collection lacks certain measures and means. We don't have a source, and the sources of Xiangyang irrigation area in Hubei and Henan irrigation area are managed by water users themselves. How much water to take and when to take it are all decided by the users themselves, so it is difficult to collect water charges. Because the source is in the hands of users, uncontrolled water diversion often occurs, resulting in a lot of waste of water resources.

Crisis of natural fish in reservoir area

1. Over the years, destructive fishing methods such as fried fish, poisonous fish and electric fish have often occurred, and even become the basic means for a few illegal fishermen to survive or even get rich. The phenomenon of fried fish and poisonous fish in the reservoir area of our city is rare, and the phenomenon of electric fish is relatively rare. However, these illegal fishing methods in not fade away, especially the phenomenon of electric fishing, are difficult to supervise because of the progress of technology and the concealment of operation, while the phenomenon of fish frying and electric fishing at night not only exists in remote waters, but also occurs from time to time near urban areas. 2. Predatory fishes such as Siniperca chuatsi (also known as yellow diamond and water tiger), Japanese catfish (also known as cockerel) and snakehead (also known as snakehead and Cai Yu) in the open waters of the reservoir area have a great influence on the fishery resources in the reservoir area. The small whitebait introduced in recent two years often preys on other fish eggs, which is also one of the species that do great harm to the fishery resources in the reservoir area. Although these fish are also the symbolic export products of Danjiangkou Reservoir, it is not worth the loss at the expense of excessive consumption of fishery resources in the reservoir area. In the future, it is necessary to strictly control the introduction of new exotic animal and plant species into the reservoir area.

3. The high-quality fishery environment in the reservoir area depends on the high-quality water quality environment. If the water environment in the reservoir area deteriorates, it will directly affect the ecological quality of fishery.

4. The new way of fishing by net combined with light lure has been industrialized, which has brought a deeper crisis to the fishery resources in the reservoir area.

Seven major pollution sources of reservoirs

Enterprise pollution. Although influenced and restricted by uncertain factors such as submerged area and elevation of Danjiangkou Reservoir after dam heightening, the towns around the reservoir are small in scale, the industrial infrastructure is backward, and there are basically no large-scale industrial projects, and the industrial economic development around the reservoir area obviously lags behind other regions. However, the dust around the cement plant, fertilizer plant, chemical plant, electric smelting plant, ferroalloy plant and other factories along the Hanjiang River in Hubei Province is large and fills the sky, causing serious air pollution and wastewater treatment, which has been strongly reflected by the masses. Urban and rural life pollution. Many counties and cities around the reservoir area discharge sewage and even garbage into nearby tributaries, causing serious pollution to rivers. Livestock and poultry breeding and domestic sewage discharged from rural areas and towns in the upper reaches of the reservoir area are directly discharged into rivers and ditches connected with tributaries without treatment.

Pollution from fertilizers and pesticides. According to the survey, the amount of chemical fertilizer used in Shiyan city has reached 28.65 kilograms per mu, and the amount of pesticides used is 2000 tons. The same is true of other counties and cities in the upper reaches of the reservoir area, and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has increased year by year. Some local water resources protection experts believe that in the case of serious soil erosion, especially in the rainstorm period, surface runoff and runoff will leach out nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, scour the pollutants accumulated in the soil and flow into the reservoir area with the water. Including farmland, livestock breeding and rural non-point sources, all have a certain impact on the water quality in the reservoir area.

Aquaculture pollution. Fishery has made great progress in the local area, and the area of feeding and natural cage culture in the reservoir area has been increasing. In addition, many fishermen in the surrounding area have blocked the reservoir bay, and it is forbidden to raise fish, feed fish cages and fish cages. , as well as a large number of feces discharged by cultured fish and feeding lost bait, have had a great negative impact on the surrounding water bodies. The same is true of livestock and poultry breeding. In 2000, there were more than 3 million livestock and poultry around the reservoir, and the total amount of their feces was nearly 6 million tons every year. Most of them are not treated harmlessly as required, but enter the water body with surface runoff. Floating object pollution. This kind of pollution is the most serious in autumn flood season every year. If it rains heavily upstream, all kinds of garbage, corn stalks, branches and broken grass in the upstream towns will be washed into the reservoir. Supported by backwater, coupled with the slow downstream flow rate, these floating objects will continue to accumulate, causing large-scale water pollution.

Ship pollution. With the rapid development of shipping and tourism in Danjiang reservoir area, the number of ships is increasing, and the amount of domestic sewage and oil pollution discharged by ships is also increasing. Without effective measures, oily wastewater, petroleum domestic sewage and garbage from these ships are directly discharged into the reservoir.

Pollution caused by transporting toxic and dangerous goods. Roads and waterways around the reservoir area are developed, bridges of all sizes abound, and highways of all grades crisscross. Pollution caused by land and water traffic accidents happens from time to time, especially the accidents of vehicles and boats loaded with dangerous chemicals, which can easily cause major pollution accidents.