Introduction and detailed information of Libo County

Organizational History

In the 26th year of Qin Shihuang (221 BC), Libo became the territory of Wulian County, Xiang County. Libo County Street Scene (2017) Libo County

In the third year of Zhenguan (629 AD), Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty established Polan County (after the rule, Shuipo, now the third capital of Hengfeng, originally belonged to Libo); From the first year of Kaiyuan (713 AD) to the third year of Tianbao (744 AD) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Laozhou and Ezhou were reorganized (Laozhou is now Laocun Township, and Ezhou is near the county seat);

Song Taizu In the third year of Kaibao (970 AD), Libo Prefecture was established;

From the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1265 AD), Libo was divided into three chieftains: Meng, Pi and Lei.

In the first year of Hongwu (1368 AD), Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, the three chieftains’ territories of Meng, Pi and Lei were unified, and Libo was merged into Sien County of Guangxi; in the 17th year of Hongwu (1384 AD), Libo County was established , belongs to Qingyuan Prefecture, Guangxi; in the seventh year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign (AD 1494), Libo County was removed, and three inspection departments of Fangcun, Mengcun, and Qulai Village were established. Shiliuqi was renamed Shiliuli and was changed to Hechi, Guangxi. Prefecture; in the first year of Zhengde of Wuzong (AD 1506), Libo was changed to a county and still belonged to Hechi Prefecture; in the first year of Wanli of Shenzong (AD 1573), the county seat was set up in Lazhen Village (today's Laijiu County), and it was changed to Hechi Prefecture. Duyun Division, Guizhou; in the 35th year of Wanli (AD 1607), the boundaries of Libo and Nandan were redefined and stone tablets were erected to determine the county boundaries.

Lavender Flower Sea in Libo County

In the first year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1644 AD), Libo County belonged to Guizhou; in the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659 AD), Libo Village was the county government (today's Fangcun Township) was changed to Qingyuan Prefecture, Guangxi; in the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732 AD), Libo County was changed to Duyun Prefecture, Guizhou; in the second year of Qianlong's reign (1737 AD), the county government was moved to Quanheng Village (today's county seat) in Mengshili ), and Libo Camp was established. In the fifth year of Qianlong (1740 AD), the Guerrilla Department, the Garrison Department, and the Qian General Department were established.

During the Republic of China, Libo County was directly under the Office of the Governor of Guizhou, and successively belonged to the Office of the Eleventh, Eighth and Twelfth Administrative Inspectorate of Guizhou (all based in Dushan).

After the founding of the People's Republic of China. On December 6, 1949, the Chinese People's Liberation Army liberated Libo. Libo County People's Communist Party was established on February 4, 1950. From December 1949 to 1951, it belonged to the Dushan District Commissioner's Office. After 1952, it belonged to the Duyun District Commissioner's Office. In August 1956, the Duyun District Commissioner's Office was restructured into the Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, still under the jurisdiction of Libo County. In March 1959, Libo was merged into Dushan County. On June 16, 1961, the organizational structure of Libo County was restored and it was affiliated to the Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Administrative division

In 2012, Libo County governed 6 towns, 11 townships (including 3 Shui Townships and 2 Yao Townships), and 98 villages: Yuping Town, Chaoyang Town, Jialiang Town, and Maolan Town , Lihua Town, Jiarong Town, Wengang Township, Laocun Township, Jiaou Township, Dongtang Township, Boyao Township, Fangcun Township, Shuili Shui Township, Shuiyao Shui Township, Yongkang Shui Township, Yaoshan Yao Township , Yaolu Yao Nationality Township. County *** is located in Yuping Town. Libo

On January 10, 2013, Jiaou Township in Libo County was abolished and Xiaoqikong Town was established. In the same year, Yuping Town was abolished and Yuping Street was established; Boyao Township was abolished and Boyao Town was established.

On April 14, 2014, Libo County’s Yuping Street, Jialiang Town, Maolan Town, Lihua Town, Xiaoqikong Town, Boyao Town, Fangcun Township, Laocun Township, Dong 15 townships (towns and sub-districts) including Tang Township, Wengang Township, Yaoshan Yao Township, Yaolu Yao Township, Shuili Shui Township, Shuiyao Shui Township, Yongkang Shui Township, etc. have been established. New Yuping Street, Jialiang Town, Maolan Town, Xiaoqikong Town, Yaoshan Yao Township, Limingguan Shui Township:

In August 2014, Libo County governed 1 street, 5 towns, and 2 townships (including 1 Shui Township, 1 Yao Township): Yuping Street, Chaoyang Town, Jiarong Town, Jialiang Town, Maolan Town, Xiaoqikong Town, Yaoshan Yao Township, Limingguan Shui Township. County *** is located in Yuping Street. Geographic environment Location and realm

Libo County is located on the border of southern Guizhou, between 107°37′ and 108°18′ east longitude and 25°7′ and 25°9′ north latitude. It borders Congjiang County and Rongjiang County in the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in the northeast, and Huanjiang County and Nandan County in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the southeast. It is connected to Dushan County in the west and Sandu Shui Autonomous County in the north.

Area is 2431.8 square kilometers. Climate

Libo County belongs to the mid-subtropical monsoon humid climate zone. The general trend of temperature distribution is higher in the south and lower in the north. For every 100 meters of terrain elevation, the temperature drops by approximately 0.55°C; valley areas have higher temperatures than mountains of the same height, east-west trough valleys than north-south trough valleys, southern slopes than northern slopes, and closed valley basins have higher temperatures than slopes of the same height. The county's annual average temperature is 18.3°C. The hottest month in the county is July and the coldest month is January. The average temperature in July is below 27.0℃, and the extreme maximum temperature does not exceed 40.0℃; the average temperature in January is above 5.5℃ everywhere, and the extreme minimum temperature is above -10.0℃.

Libo County has few frost periods and a frost-free period of more than 270 days. The average first frost date and average last frost period are in mid-December and early February respectively. There is less snowfall in the county in winter, and most of it is ice particles, followed by snowflakes. The average number of snowfall days per year is about one month. Hail is also rare in Libo, usually 1-2 times a year. Most of them occur from March to May, and they are all small hail. The duration of hail is short and the scope is not large.

Precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer. The monthly rainfall from June to August is more than 2000 mm, accounting for about 50% of the total annual rainfall; winter (December-February) only accounts for about 5% of the total annual rainfall; autumn (September-November) accounts for 15% around; in spring (March-May), the ocean monsoon gradually strengthens, and precipitation accounts for about 30% of the annual rainfall. However, the precipitation in March is only about 50 mm, and increases to more than 100 mm in April. The rainy season usually begins in late April, and the amount of water from April to October accounts for 81% of the total annual precipitation. After October, the ocean monsoon weakens and is gradually replaced by the southward continental monsoon, resulting in a significant decrease in precipitation. Topography

Libo is located at the junction of the two provinces of Guizhou and Guangxi. The terrain combines the comprehensive advantages of the Guizhou Plateau and the hills of Guangxi, with both mountains and hills, and is a karst topography. Hydrology

The rivers in Libo all belong to the Longjiang River system and belong to the Pearl River Basin. The larger river systems in the county include: Dagou River system (including the main branch of Zhangjiang River and tributaries of Fangcun River), Sancha River system and Jialio River system. There are 30 rivers in the county with rainwater collection areas greater than 20 square kilometers or river courses longer than 10 kilometers. The total length of rivers in the county is 1,048 kilometers, of which the main channels of each river are 483.95 kilometers long, and the river density is 0.47 kilometers/square kilometers. Among the total area of ??the county, the drainage area of ??the above three water systems is 2375.1 square kilometers. Natural Resources Mineral Resources

The main minerals in Libo County include: coal, iron, lead and zinc, calcium carbonate, calcite, limestone, dolomite, etc., divided into 46 mineral points. Among them, coal has the widest distribution and the largest reserves. In addition, there are abnormal reflection phenomena of ice continent stone, silicon, copper, crystal and precious metals.

1. Coal, including bituminous coal and anthracite coal. Coal series strata and coal seams are distributed in most areas of the county.

2. Iron ore, mainly including hematite, siderite and limonite. The former two are sedimentary types, while the latter are weathering and leaching supergene minerals.

Hematite is stored in the Lower Carboniferous Xiangzhui Formation and the Lower Permian Liangshan Formation. There are four ore sites including Shuitiao, Latao, Shuili and Shuiqing. They are high-silica, high-aluminum and poor-iron ores, which are difficult to utilize.

Siderite, ore body is stored in the Lower Carboniferous pendulum carbon rock. Containing 45-60% iron, it is a high-grade ore with estimated reserves of 2.78 million tons.

Limonite is divided into limonite weathered by hematite, limonite oxidized by pyrite in coal series, and iron-hat type limonite oxidized by lead-zinc metal. It is widely distributed in the county. . Reserves are 83.9452 million tons (not yet approved).

3. Lead-zinc mine. The northeastern part of the county is the extension of the lead-zinc ore-bearing belt in Baicheng, Guangxi.

4. Silica mine, Wengang silica mine, is produced in the Lower Carboniferous Maping Formation, the Middle Carboniferous Huanglong Formation and the Upper Permian Maokou Formation limestone. It is of high quality and rich in resources. In addition to cement limestone, there are also calcium carbide and alkali limestone.

5. Dolomite, produced in the Huanglong Formation of the Middle Carboniferous. After investigation by the geological department, the deposit is characterized by high quality, large quantity, and is undeveloped. The ore quality is high in magnesium, low in silicon and phosphorus, and low in potassium and sodium. It is very unique. mining prospects.

6. Calcite has not yet been developed.

7. The clay within the county has certain mining value.

Water resources

The Libo River has a large drop, with a theoretical water energy reserve of 349,000 kilowatts and a developable capacity of 244,300 kilowatts. As of 2010, 4,670 kilowatts have been developed, accounting for 1.34% of the developable capacity. Biological resources

There are 126 species of timber trees from 42 families commonly used in Libo. Among them, there are 17 species of economic forest trees in 11 families; 23 species of shrub trees in 13 families; 14 species of bamboos in 1 family; 114 species of fruit tree species in 5 families; and 11 species of introduced tree species in 8 families.

The main timber forest species are: Chinese fir, southern yew, Guizhou Huihua fir, masson pine, Guangdong five-needled pine, yellow pine, yellow branch oil fir, podocarpus; cypress, Platycladus orientalis, Fujian cypress; Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora, Sassafras; Runnan, Guizhou Runnan, Qiangui Runnan; Cinnamomum tenuifolia, Guizhou laurel, laurel, geranium, sassafras; Liquidambar, Aden maple , half maple lotus, horse hoof lotus, step wood, red bract wood, Sizhou wax petal flower; green bar oak, hemp oak, Guizhou roasted rice green bar, Badong oak, red thick, small red roasted, capsular roasted, water green bar , roasted sweet mulberry; Chinese toon, neem, neem; elm, eucalyptus, roughleaf wood, hackberry; Ailanthus ailanthus; magnolia officinalis, mountain smile, broad-petaled white orchid, long-stemmed agarwood, tulip tree; palm leaf wood, small-leafed tulip tree , compound-leaf adelanthus, umbrella flower tree; holly, small-fruited holly; honey locust, locust tree, red bean tree, mountain albizia; catalpa tree, longevity tree, firewood tree, purpleweed; Guizhou hornbeam, birch, early winter melon; sycamore ; Purple-flowered Paulownia, white-flowered Paulownia, and Paulownia tomentosa; incense, wild walnut, yellow berry, maple poplar; heavy willow, rattle-leaf poplar; mulberry, rock mulberry, banyan tree, oblique-leaf fig; wood lotus, silver wood lotus, red flower tea, Zhou Bing tea; mountain willow, alder; Chongyang wood, thick Kangchai, Chinese tallow tree; gulixiang; tiger bark; horsetail tree, ligustrum, osmanthus; catalpa, peeling dragon; mountain tongzi; fragrant tree, gardenia Flowers; Banksia reticulata; Fish tail sunflower; Big fruit fragrant garden; Monkey chestnut; Jujube tree; Pistacia chinensis, fragrant wood, southern spinach; Chinese thorn, flying goose, red wing, green narrow thorn. The economic forest tree species include: Litsea cubeba, Litsea cubeba, Litsea cubeba, walnut; Broussonetia truncatula; Tung tung tree, Millennium tung tree, Chinese tallow tree; Lacquer tree; Salt bark wood; Camellia oleifera; Palm; Zanthoxylum bungeanum; Eucommia ulmoides; Ten great merits; White bark. wax.

Shrub species include: mulberry; rhododendron by the stream; Acanthopanax, acacia, Dalbergia; Ficus tomentosa; Salvation Army Grain, Powdered Powder, Golden Cherry, Prickly Pear; Acanthopanax, Acanthopanax and Acanthus. Acanthopanax; big-leaf boxwood, thin-leaf boxwood; peony; June snow; black wild pepper; white oak; lily.

Bamboos include: bubble bamboo, white bamboo, bitter bamboo, southern bamboo, hanging silk bamboo, golden bamboo, big knot bamboo, simple bamboo, square bamboo, purple bamboo, solid bamboo, asparagus bamboo. Fruit tree species include: peach, plum, pear, apricot, loquat, red plum, sour plum, yellow fruit, orange, grapefruit; bayberry, pomegranate; bayberry bean; kiwi fruit. The introduced tree species include: Yinhua, Eucalyptus macrophylla, Eucalyptus tenuifolia, Eucalyptus lemon, Camptotheca acuta, Cryptomeria, Acacia, Populus oleifera, Olea oleifera, Grapevine. Population Ethnicity Population

In 2010, Libo County had a population of 172,800 and a non-agricultural population of 13,600. Ethnicity

In 2010, the ethnic minority population in Libo County was 145,100, and the ethnic minority population accounted for more than 90% of the total population. The ethnic minorities with larger populations include Buyi, Shui, Yao, Miao, etc. The Buyi ethnic group is the largest ethnic group in the county, accounting for 65% of the county's total population. Economic Overview

In 2012, the GDP of Libo County was 2.72 billion yuan, an increase of 23.4% over 2011; the fixed asset investment of the whole society was 3.7 billion yuan, an increase of 68.1% over 2011; all industries The added value was 835 million yuan, an increase of 21.3% over 2011, of which the added value of large-scale industries was 760 million yuan, an increase of 28.8% over 2011; the total retail sales of consumer goods was 760 million yuan, an increase of 31% over 2011; the General Finance The income reached 304 million yuan, a slight increase from the previous year, and the government budget expenditure exceeded 1 billion yuan; the per capita net income of farmers reached 5,252 yuan, an increase of 20% compared with 2011; the deposit balance of financial institutions was 2.813 billion yuan, and the loan balance was 2.813 billion yuan. 1.416 billion yuan, an increase of 24.2% and 34.8% respectively compared with 2011.

Primary Industry

In 2012, Libo County issued a total of 33.77 million yuan in policy subsidies to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers, implemented the "185 Project" of 156,000 acres, and established 45 industrial demonstration sites with a demonstration area of ??44,600 acres. 10 new rural demonstration sites were built, achieving a total grain output of 51,000 tons, an increase of 30.4% compared to 2011. Sugar cane, fruit forest, and vegetable planting total 43,600 acres, 83,000 acres, and 150,000 acres respectively. 43,000 acres of land have been transferred, and the number of agricultural industrialization management organizations has grown to 57, including 12 leading enterprises at or above the state level. There are 48 large-scale pig farms, 168 large-scale chicken farms, and 31 special breeding farms in the county. An investment of 75.175 million yuan was completed to complete the farmland water conservancy, river management, reservoir risk removal and reinforcement, and human drinking irrigation projects, effectively irrigating 15,000 acres of farmland and providing drinking water for 49,000 people and 13,000 animals. Soil and water management covers 23 square kilometers and 63,000 acres of greening and afforestation. Secondary Industry

In 2012, a total investment of 62.28 million yuan was completed in the infrastructure construction of "one district and two parks" in Libo County. The Libo Nanhua Sugar Factory, with an investment of 320 million yuan, was completed and put into production with an investment of 45 million yuan. Yuan's furniture manufacturing project entered production trial operation. Four small hydropower stations were built, with an additional installed capacity of 9,870 kilowatts. A coal mine safety production guarantee responsibility system was established, and a mineral products trading center was established. The number of coal mines in the county with "six certificates" increased from 2 at the beginning of the year to 8, and raw coal production and sales reached 616,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 35.98%. 4 new large-scale industrial enterprises were added, bringing the number of large-scale industrial enterprises in the county to 25. Ten housing development projects under construction, including Zhangjiang Impression and Central City, have completed investment of 480 million yuan, adding 858 new housing units, and a sales area of ??64,000 square meters; construction of star hotels such as Zhangjiang Tribe, Tiantai Hotel, and International Conference Center has begun. . Tertiary Industry

In 2012, Libo County received 7.9 million tourists and achieved comprehensive tourism revenue of 10.5 billion yuan, an increase of 47.2% and 218.4% respectively compared with 2011. Ticket revenue from Zhangjiang Scenic Area 57.85 million yuan, a net increase of 13.72 million yuan over 2011, an increase of 31.09%. Special poverty alleviation funds of 45.4 million yuan and credit discount poverty alleviation funds of 37 million yuan were allocated, reducing the number of poor people by 9,857. Invested 21.5 million yuan to complete the radio and television network coverage project for 23,248 households. Transportation

Libo is located at the junction of Guizhou and Guangxi. There is a second-grade asphalt road from Dushan to Libo in the west. From Dushan, it is connected to the Guixin high-grade highway to Guiyang. The journey only takes 4.5 hours. In the east, there is a first-class highway from Libo to Desheng, Huanjiang County, and to Liuzhou. The journey takes about 6 hours. There is a fourth-class highway in the north through Sandu to Kaili, with a mileage of 205 kilometers. There is a highway from Libo to Nandanda to Nanning in the south, with a mileage of 410 kilometers. Xiaoqikong Scenic Area is 35 kilometers away from Guizhou Mawei Railway Station. The Southwest Airlines branch line Libo Airport is built in the east of the county, only 13 kilometers away from the county. The county's highway mileage is 1,001 kilometers, of which 48.1 kilometers were newly built and renovated in 2010. Social undertakings Educational undertakings

In 2012, Libo County has three schools. The first phase of Libo Senior High School project and the experimental building of the county secondary vocational and technical school were completed and put into use. Medical and Health

In 2012, Libo County *** had 9 hospitals. A total of 42.687 million yuan in subsistence allowances, 4.772 million yuan in relief funds, 1,406 tons of grain relief, and 28,173 people were assisted throughout the year. , three village-level home care service stations were built, and the participation rate of the New Rural Cooperative Medical System reached 98.4%. Infrastructure

In 2012, Libo County completed the renovation and construction of 96 low-rent houses, 198 public rental houses and 1,683 dilapidated rural houses. There were 1,376 new urban jobs, 316 unemployed people were re-employed, 5,170 organized labor exports, and the registered urban unemployment rate was controlled within 3.6%. An investment of 530 million yuan was completed in 30 municipal infrastructure construction projects. The main body of the county water supply reconstruction and expansion project was completed, and the landfill was put into trial operation. The road reconstruction of Minzu Street, the protection of the Ximen Well, and the "white to black" road conversion in Shilai New District were fully completed. . History, Culture and Folk Culture

Diaojiaolou, the basic symbol of Yao people’s living quarters, is said to have a history of more than 100 years. The Daomeng group in Guzui Village is full of such buildings. More than 100 years later, Diaojiao still retains its complete structure. building on stilts.

Yao costumes and the clothes worn by men and women of Baiku Yao are all made by Baiku Yao women who cultivated cotton on their own land, spun, weaved, sewed, painted, batiked and embroidered by themselves. The dress is painted with sticky resin, and the bottom is a colorful pleated skirt. Men's casual clothes all have black cloth with flat collars, black belts, and pure white trousers with large crotches. Famous Specialty

Libo Feng Pig

Made from milk-fat piglets that are 40 to 60 days old. After shaving the five internal organs, add star anise, fennel, pepper, grass fruit, It is made by marinating and air-drying seasonings such as cinnamon, kaempferol, ginger and refined salt, hence the name Fengzhu. Products are exported to countries and regions such as Europe, India, Japan and Southeast Asia.

Water bracken

Water bracken grows in cool and humid river valleys. Libo water bracken is mainly produced in Wangmeng, Chaoyang, Yuping and Laocun areas. Water bracken can grow to more than a foot long in fertile soil, but usually only about five inches. Water bracken is sweet and tender. Common bracken has a bitter taste and a rough texture. And the edible part is only the fern buds. But all water bracken plants are edible. Scenic spots

Lianshan Bay

Lianshan Bay is located in Jiaou Township, Libo County, Guizhou Province. It is an area inhabited by the Buyi ethnic group and is based on Xiaoqikong Scenic Area and Daqikong Scenic Area. , characterized by rural pastoral scenery and Buyi farming culture. Libo County Scenery

Meiyuan

In the Libo Maolan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province, a world natural heritage site, there are more than 20,000 acres of plum trees growing naturally. Famous Figures

Deng Enming (1901-1931), formerly known as Deng Enming, courtesy name Zhongyao, was a native of Libo, Guizhou, a representative of the Communist Party of China and the founder of the Shandong Communist Party organization.

Yang Jialiu (1905-1937), whose courtesy name was Ji Liang. A native of Fangcun Township, Libo, Guizhou, he was posthumously awarded the rank of Army Major General by the Kuomintang.