Wang Mang, who is considered a time traveler, what kind of legendary life does he have?

Wang Mang, who is considered a time traveler, what kind of legendary life does he have?

The Han Dynasty was divided into the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Cutting it in half" was the creed established by Wang Mang and him. Wang Mang is a famous politician in Chinese history. The ancients called him a treacherous minister who tried to usurp power. But today, when people look at Wang Mang, they have many different opinions. For example, "Wang Mang was China's first socialist." Bai Candao said in "Outline of Chinese History": "Wang Wang is the most courageous and smartest politician in Chinese history. He will improve the contradictory social and economic system at that time." Regarding Wang Mang, many people even mocked him as a "traveler" .

Wang Wang is considered a "traveler", which is related to the creed he established. From January 9 AD to October 23 AD, the newly established dynasty established by Wang Mang lasted less than 15 years. It was very short-lived only after Japanese imperialism, but it left a strong color in ancient Chinese history. In the late Western Han Dynasty, the descendants of the royal family were few and far between, the bloodline was withered, and many generations of emperors died early. In addition, Queen Xiaoyuan and Wang Zhengjun had been in power for a long time, so Wang Ji, a foreign relative, naturally rose rapidly and became the actual ruler of the Western Han Dynasty. As the most outstanding young talent in the royal family, Wang Mang was loved and valued by his aunt Wang Zhengjun. He gradually entered the center of the court and eventually replaced Han Xin as emperor. The ancients often thought that Wang Mang was a thief and a treacherous minister. But objectively, for Wang Mang, becoming the emperor was not the most important thing. Being able to implement his own reforms was the key. Wang Wang’s reform is very comprehensive, involving land, currency, diplomacy and other fields. After Wangwang came to power, in the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 9), he published: Changing Tianxia Zhan to Wang Zhan and Dictionary to Wang Zhan. Impersonating slaves, like Wang Tian, ??cannot be bought or sold. Later, the currency system and control were reformed, and the Salt and Iron Goddess of Mercy and the nationalization of mountains and rivers were stipulated.

The content of Wang Mang’s restructuring can indeed be said to be the general trend. If Wang Anshi's reform is drastic, then Wang Wang's reform can be said to be earth-shaking. No wonder these measures to nationalize land and prohibit the slave trade are so familiar to modern people. No wonder many people call him a "traveler" and a "socialist". However, from a modern perspective, Wangwang's reforms are very advanced, and the focus is also on improving people's livelihood and protecting the people. Why did Wangwang's creed die at one year old and was directly overthrown by the peasant uprising? The answer to this question is actually related to the reform of Wangwang.

From a superficial point of view, Wang Mang’s nationalization of land and the prohibition of slave trading were progressive and in line with the trend of the times. However, after a careful analysis of Wang Mang’s reforms, you will find that he was not an advanced reformer, nor was he an advanced reformer. A very "retro" reformer. During Wang Wang’s restructuring, Wang Wang indeed advocated nationalizing land and curbing land mergers, but his approach was retrogressive or even retrogressive. Wang Mang believed in Confucianism and worshiped the era of ritual rule mentioned by Confucius, and restored the well field system in the name of Wang Duodi. On the other hand, Wangwang prohibited the slave trade, but did not abolish servitude. He could not turn his slaves into "death customs" and trade them with Wang Tian, ??but the slaves actually still existed. Wang Mang is considered a "traveler". Why did the creed he established die in his lifetime?

Wang Wang’s starting point is no problem. He was aware of the fact that at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, land mergers, human trafficking were serious, people were displaced, and people were resentful. At the same time, he hoped to alleviate social conflicts through reforms. However, Wang Man's reform is in the name of restoration and does not conform to reality. In the process of recovering the land, the interests of the powerful landlords were violated, and in the end not much land came into the hands of the people. Wang Mang lost the support of the two major forces, the landlord class and the peasant class. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Land Quotes) (Land, Land, Land, Land) Moreover, during the reform process, if Wang Mang and Zhao Lingkai were opposed, Wang Mang would force the reform with severe penalties. If Wang Wang's reform can achieve results, the forces opposing him will naturally become smaller. But the fact is that with the reform of Wang Wang, the economy of the new dynasty has withered, the plight of the people has not improved, and the wave of opposition to Wang Wang is getting bigger and bigger.

In this case, instead of making adjustments and reforms, Wang Mang took the initiative to launch several wars, intensifying conflicts. During the Western Han Dynasty, the Central Plains Dynasty had very good relations with the surrounding ethnic groups. Both the Huns in the north and the ethnic minorities in the south submitted to the Han Dynasty. After he became the emperor of Korea, the four countries did not oppose the king's network and relied on the king's network to support the new establishment. This was a good opportunity to win people's hearts, but Wang Mang was stubborn and arrogant, and kept provoking wars.

After Emperor Wang Mang, the country already felt that there were three armies: the Northern Navy, the Southern Navy, and the Eastern Navy, but there was no Western Navy. In order to collect the former "Dead Sea", Wang Wang gathered an army, occupied the Qinghai Lake area, and established the Western Navy. That's it, nothing. In order to develop this wasteland, Wang Wang was forced to immigrate. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, World) There were not enough people, so Wang Mang frantically increased laws and regulations, "created" criminals, and then transferred them to the West Sea.

In addition, Wang Wang also sent envoys to surrounding countries to "downgrade" them all. Wang Wang did not like the name "Danyu" of the Xiongnu. He ordered the "Xiongnu unit bird" to be taken back and destroyed, and awarded "Shenxun unit chief". The word "bird" is harmless, but replacing "bird" with "长" is undoubtedly Against the Xiongnu Dan, Wang Wang always used force to deal with many countries that did not cooperate. But Wang Mang's military command skills were very poor, and the royal family did not have many outstanding generals. As a result, the New Army suffered heavy losses and four places were sealed off. The people of the Central Plains and all ethnic groups suffered misfortune. In this way, the surrounding countries refused to surrender to the gods and continued to invade the borders of Shendiao. The resentment of the people of Shendiao towards Wang Mang reached its extreme.

Wang Wang is a reformer, and his character is worthy of praise, but as a pioneer of the dynasty, he is obviously incompetent. Wang Wang's reform is blindly retro and does not combine reality. The starting point is good, but it violates the objective laws of historical development, and failure is inevitable. Wang Mang's own character traits of Jiang Min, arrogance, and mania further accelerated the failure of his reforms and the demise of his dynasty.