Famous examples of overseas travelers and scientists returning to China

1In August, 935, Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study aviation engineering and aerodynamics as a public student. Before returning to China, he served as director of supersonic laboratory of California Institute of Technology and director of Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center.

Earth-shaking changes in the motherland have come. On June 1 949 65438+1October1day, the first five-star red flag flew over Tiananmen Square. Five days later, it will be the traditional festival of our nation-Mid-Autumn Festival. On this day, Mr. and Mrs. Qian Xuesen celebrated this festival with a dozen overseas students from China. While enjoying the moon, they poured out their hearts and rejoiced at the birth of the motherland.

At this moment, the land of North Korea ignited a bonfire of war. As the U.S. imperialism that started this war, there is a crazy political countercurrent against * * * in its country, and almost every day there are incidents of censorship and threats to censor personnel of universities and other institutions. This countercurrent has also spread to California Institute of Technology without exception. Due to the arrest of Weinbaum, secretary of the Marxist-Leninist Group of the College, the suspicion of the FBI fell on Qian Xuesen. 1950 in July, the U.S. government decided to disqualify Qian Xuesen from participating in confidential research on the grounds that he had a friend relationship with Weinbaum, and accused Qian Xuesen of being party member, the American production party, and entering the country illegally. These groundless accusations were all denied by Qian Xuesen. But Qian Xuesen couldn't stand all this and decided to return to the motherland immediately on the grounds of visiting relatives. Ready to go forever. He met with kimble, the deputy secretary of the US Navy in charge of his research work, and solemnly announced to kimble that he was ready to leave for home immediately. Kimble was shocked after hearing this. He thought, "Qian Xuesen is worth five divisions no matter where he puts it." He also shouted, "I'd rather shoot him than let this guy leave the United States!" " So as soon as Qian Xuesen walked out of the office, kimble immediately notified the Immigration Bureau.

Without knowing it, Qian Xuesen made all the preparations for returning to China, went through the formalities of returning to China, bought a plane ticket from Canada to Hong Kong, and handed over the luggage to the handling company for shipment.

However, just two days before their family planned to leave Los Angeles, that is,1midnight on August 23, 950, they suddenly received a notice from the Immigration Bureau that they were not allowed to leave the United States. At the same time, the US Customs detained all Qian Xuesen's luggage.

Qian Xuesen was forced to return to California Institute of Technology, and the FBI sent someone to monitor his family and all his actions. Far from it, on September 6, Qian Xuesen was suddenly illegally detained by the FBI and sent to the immigration detention center for detention.

In the detention center, Qian Xuesen was tortured like a criminal. Qian Xuesen once recalled: "I lost 30 pounds in 15 days of detention. At night, spies wake me up every 1 hour. I can't rest at all, and I am in a state of extreme tension. "

After Qian Xuesen was detained for no reason, the teachers and students of California Institute of Technology, Mr. Feng Carmen, Qian Xuesen's teacher, and some American friendly people protested strongly to the Immigration Bureau, found a defense lawyer for him, and raised $6.5438+$5,000 bail to bail Qian Xuesen out.

From then on, Qian Xuesen continued to be persecuted by the Immigration Bureau, and his actions were restricted by the Immigration Bureau and monitored by FBI agents. He is not allowed to leave Los Angeles where he lives and is often asked. Qian Xuesen lost his freedom for five years.

However, Qian Xuesen's love for the motherland is even stronger. He missed New China day and night, and he persisted in his struggle, constantly demanding that the Immigration Bureau leave the United States and return to China.

Qian Xuesen, who can't return to his country, didn't stop studying the scientific career he loved and devoted himself to during those five years. At that time, the American government prevented him from leaving the United States because the rocket technology he studied was related to the national defense construction of the motherland, and he wanted to stop the scientific and technological development of new China by detaining him. When Qian Xuesen learned about this, he felt extremely angry. So he chose the new major of "Engineering Cybernetics" to study, so as to help clear the obstacles to returning to China. 1954 wrote more than 300,000 words of Engineering Cybernetics in English. In fact, engineering cybernetics is closely related to production automation, the development and application of electronic computers, and national defense construction, but the American authorities did not realize this at that time.

Qian Xuesen's struggle to return to the motherland has also received the care and support of the motherland. On April 26th, 2005, during the China-China International Conference, Wang Bingnan, Secretary-General of the delegation, and Yahya Johnson, head of the American delegation, respectively made contact on the issue of civilians returning to China. During the contact, Wang Bingnan pointed out that the United States prevented many China people in the United States from returning home, including scientist Qian Xuesen.

1one day in June, 955, Qian Xuesen got rid of the spy surveillance. In the letter sent to Belgian pro-prestige, he attached a letter written with cigarette paper to Chen Shutong, vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), asking the motherland to help him return to China as soon as possible. On the day Mr. Chen Shutong received the letter, he gave it to Premier Zhou Enlai. 1,1In August 1955, Sino-US ambassadorial talks were held in Geneva, Switzerland.

1On September 7, 955, Mr. and Mrs. Qian Xuesen and their two young children finally left Los Angeles on the American "President Cleveland" and sailed for the motherland in the east. 55438+0 and Deng Jiaxian and Deng Jiaxian mainly engaged in nuclear physics, theoretical physics, neutron physics, plasma physics, statistical physics and fluid mechanics, and made outstanding achievements. Since 1958, he has organized and led the basic theoretical research on detonation physics, fluid mechanics, equation of state, neutron transport and so on. And made a lot of simulation calculation and analysis on the physical process of the atomic bomb, thus taking the first step of China's independent research and design of nuclear weapons, leading to the completion of the theoretical scheme of China's first atomic bomb, and taking part in guiding the initiation simulation test before the nuclear test. Immediately after the success of the atomic bomb test, we organized forces to explore the design principle of the hydrogen bomb, chose technical approaches, organized leaders and personally participated in the development and test of the first hydrogen bomb in China in 1967. From 65438 to 0979, Deng Jiaxian was the director of the Institute of Nuclear Weapons. 1984, China successfully conducted the second generation of new nuclear weapons test in the deep desert. Later it was called "two bombs and one satellite".