At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, when the peasants revolted, our team rose suddenly and made great strides, and finally won the Central Plains and made great achievements. There are many reasons for such great success, but one of them is extremely important, and that is strict military discipline. After the founding of Daming, Zhu Yuanzhang paid more attention to the laws and disciplines of the country. Because he knows that running a country is different from running an army after all. It is precisely because he was born in troubled times, walked out of the wasteland and witnessed the demise that he understood a truth: the rapid demise of the Yuan Dynasty was largely due to lax discipline and political corruption, which led to the surge of rebel forces and the rapid collapse of the Yuan Empire. In view of this, Zhu Yuanzhang attached great importance to the legal system construction in the Republic of China before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Legal system construction in Ming dynasty: birth law, Daming law and imperial edict. 137 1 One day in June, Zhu Yuanzhang and his minister Zhan Tong talked about the emperor's rule in Fengtianmen of the Ming Palace in Nanjing. Zhan Tong suggested that we might as well follow Tang Yu's example. This is a family tradition, and propriety is the foundation of governing the country. Zhu Yuanzhang didn't. I didn't agree. He said that for more than three generations, Americans have simple hearts, people-oriented national governance, and moral applicability; But after three generations, when the world is getting worse and worse, the American people are not old, and the state should use power and other ruling techniques on the basis of law. In particular, the Ming Empire should take the corruption of the legal system of the Yuan Dynasty as a warning, get rid of the legacy of the Yuan Dynasty, and establish a new legal system of the Ming Dynasty on the basis of the reform of the Tang and Song Dynasties. It is based on this understanding that Zhu Yuanzhang has always attached great importance to the formulation of laws and the construction of the legal system since he seized and established the Wu regime. Judging from the construction of the legal system in the early Ming Dynasty, the laws of the Ming Empire were mainly composed of three pieces: the first piece was written law; The second is the Daming Law; The third one is a coat. The earliest of these three pieces is the law. Law-Daming law and law directly explain that the Ming Dynasty was completed in December of the first year of Wu. According to the "Law Year", in the twenty-fourth year of Zheng Zheng, Zhu Yuanzhang was appointed as Wuchang, and the law was discussed. That is, before Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng, he began to discuss with Li Shanchang and other ministers about making laws. It may be that Zhu Yuanzhang's regime was busy with the war, and it was not until the first year of Wu that China's legal work officially began. 10, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Li Shanchang, the left prime minister, as the chief executive, and more than 20 people, including yang xian, participated in the compilation, and put forward the legislative principles to all judges, namely, simple legislation, straightforward writing, easy learning for everyone, and the golden mean, so as to get rid of the disadvantages. In January and February when the law was revised, Zhu Yuanzhang often called the judges and Confucian officials in the West Building to talk about the meaning of the law calmly and strive for the accuracy of the law. He told Xiong Ding, the recorder of the emperor, about his daily activities. I want to see the decrees made by ministers. If there is any trouble, I will make a decision from my own point of view, but many people take it for granted and have few opinions. Cover the criminal law, heavy things also! If you lose one of them, there is nothing you can do. Why do you cling to the law for future generations? At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang had not yet pacified the world, but he won a military victory in South China. He is still humble and relatively peaceful. Although he attaches importance to the legislation of this discipline, he may be more concerned about people's hearts, so he is very modest. When ministers discuss laws and regulations, he will express his views. Many law ministers heard the master's statement, so they stopped arguing. They all think that the host's opinion is good. However, Zhu Yuanzhang did not have tt.
In other words, it took less than two months to compile all the codes of the future Ming Empire. So what kind of code is this? According to historical records, it is subject to laws and regulations, with appropriate increase or decrease, simplifying complexity and paying more attention to lightness. Finally, the Tang Law 145 and Tang Law 285 were unanimously agreed, which basically realized Zhu Yuanzhang's concise legislative requirements. So, after the completion of this law, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered it to be published all over the world, and gave Li Shanchang and other law-making officials a great reward. Due to Zhu Yuanzhang's active advocacy and concern in the United States, the formulation and promulgation of laws and regulations have been carried out rapidly. However, Zhu Yuanzhang, who has lived in the grass for a long time, knows the bottom society too well. Even he himself may face the problem that legal provisions are expressed in rigorous and concise language, and ordinary people are generally illiterate, let alone know and understand these rigorous and concise but actually profound languages. Then what is-Zhu Yuanzhang thought of a method to popularize laws and regulations, similar to today's legal education. On December 16, the first year of Wu, the minister and Confucian official who ordered the enactment of laws re-enacted the laws and explained them. This is the first textbook or textbook for popularizing law in the history of China.