Where is Kaijiang County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province located?

Located in: Kaijiang County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province

Kaijiang County is located in the eastern part of Sichuan Province, at the southern foot of Daba Mountain. It is connected to Kaixian County in the east, Liangping County in the south, Daxian County in the west, and Xuanhan County in the north. It is 620 kilometers away from the provincial capital Chengdu. The county covers an area of ??1,032.55 square kilometers, with 391,200 acres of cultivated land and an average altitude of 600 meters. The county governs 10 towns and 10 townships, 20 community committees, and 1,600 villager groups. It covers an area of ??1,033 square kilometers and has a total population of 550,000, of which the urban population is 87,000, accounting for 16%. The residents are mainly Han, with 14 ethnic minorities including Tibetan, Manchu, Hui and Tujia living there. Xinning Town is the seat of the county seat, with an urban area of ??8 square kilometers and a population of 80,000.

Kaijiang has a long history. Its old name is Xinning County, with a history of more than 1,450 years. Before its establishment, it belonged to the State of Ba during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Qin belongs to Bajun. In the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Dangqu County. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Qi Dynasty, it belonged to Yihan County. Liang belongs to Shicheng County. Xinning County was established in the second year of the Western Wei Dynasty (AD 553) in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and the current name was adopted in August 1914 and has been used to this day. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was affiliated to the Daxian Prefecture of Sichuan Province. In September 1968, it was affiliated to the Daxian Prefecture of Sichuan Province. In September 1993, it was affiliated to the Dachuan Prefecture of Sichuan Province. From January 2000 to the present, it is affiliated to Dazhou City, Sichuan Province.

Kaijiang has a long history. It was established as a county in the second year of the Wei Dynasty (AD 553) in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Kaijiang is rich in products. There are more than 20 proven minerals in the territory, including natural gas, coal, and limestone reserves. The county is large, especially the world-renowned Shacanping gasoline and Wenduhuang gasoline that are being developed throughout the county, with a total reserve of more than 260 billion cubic meters. It is rich in tourism resources, including Jinshan Temple, an ancient temple built in the Tang Dynasty, and rich Shuangfei Hot Spring, which contains a variety of minerals and has health and medical functions, and the sparkling Gemstone Lake Reservoir. The county has a mild climate, abundant heat, distinct four seasons, abundant rainfall, flat terrain, fertile land, and is rich in a variety of crops. It is known as the "Eastern Sichuan-Plain".

Kaijiang is known as a cultural county. In ancient times, there were eight scenic spots in Xinning. Now there are two lakes (Baoshi Lake, Mingyue Lake), two mountains (Jinshan Temple, Echeng Mountain), Kaijiang Jinshan Temple, two pagodas (Baoquan Pagoda, Wenbi Pagoda), two squares (Renshiyang Archway, Hushi Jiexiaofang), Yiquan (Feiyun Hot Spring), and Yikarst Cave (Baiyan Cave). The county is rich in natural and cultural landscapes and cultural resources. The further development of the cultural industry has become a new economic growth point in the county.

Kaijiang has a long history of culture, and has produced many cultural, educational, and scientific and technological talents from ancient times to the present. The vast number of literary and art workers are full of ambition, high-spirited, and keep writing, selecting new works. There are more than ten writers in the county who have written novels, including He Shijin, Zheng Bengao, Peng Qiyu, and Wu Lijian. They work closely with the Kaijiang writers in Rongcheng, represented by Yan Ning, Sun Jianhua, and Sun Heping. , forming a striking literary strategy army. Campus culture has also risen at an unprecedented rate. Amateur literary creation flourished. There are many talents in music, art, calligraphy, photography, and performance, and they have made great achievements in exhibiting and performing literary and artistic works. Various works were published in various newspapers and periodicals, and even developed into a special cultural industry in the 1990s. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Kaijiang cultural activities usually held traditional cultural entertainment programs during the Spring Festival. After the "May 4th" movement, people in the education sector started cultural undertakings, and mass culture gradually emerged.

In the early days of liberation, under the guidance of the Communist Party of China's policy of "letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend", literary creation developed and cultural activities for the urban and rural masses were rich and colorful. During the "-" period, the theme of mass cultural reflection was very popular, which played a catalytic role in the trend of exaggeration. In "0", the culture and art of "high, large and comprehensive" and "fake, large and empty" have fueled the ultra-left line, and the cultural life is very monotonous. After 1978, mass cultural activities centered on cultural centers and stations were very active; literature, art, and photography works were produced in various forms and novel contents. The average annual circulation of books is about 1.77 million, and the average annual loan volume is 28,982 times; movies and television are becoming popular, and the cultural life of the people is enriched. By 1999, a cultural network at the county, township, village and community levels had been formed. At the same time, the construction of urban and rural broadcasting networks has been accelerated, and "encrypted TV" programs have been launched. Fiber optic TV has been launched in 10 towns and villages, enabling 92% of towns, a quarter of villages, and one in 100 users to watch central and Some TV programs with relatively high signal quality in provincial capitals have enriched the people's spiritual and cultural life.

In addition, since the late 1980s, the county has formed a literary and artistic team with the creation of novels as its locomotive. There are more than 20 young and middle-aged authors, and they have new works every year. In recent years, he has published novels such as "Cannot Be Sad", "Dubu Herding Cows", "Passionate Landscapes", "Private Affair in Public Position", and "Women Going to the Sea". It is a best-seller that affects all parts of the country. "Chinese Painting Oil River" participated in the "First World Painting and Calligraphy Art Competition" held in New York in 1997 and won the Excellence Award. According to incomplete statistics, since the 1990s, more than 1,600 literary and artistic works have been published in national, provincial and municipal newspapers and periodicals, and they have won 1 international award, 25 national awards, and 51 provincial awards. Full-length novels have been officially published by the national publishing house. 51 works, 5 collections of poems and essays, and 92 provincial and municipal award-winning works in music, dance, drama, sketches, folk arts, speeches, etc.

Physical Geography

Kaijiang County is located in the Pingping Ridge Valley fold area in eastern Sichuan. It belongs to the hilly system extending southward from Daba Mountain, consisting of three anticline low mountains sandwiched by two syncline hills. composition.

Controlled by geological structures and lithology, our county has formed various types of folds and denudation with multi-layered structures - eroding low hills, hills, ridges and valleys landforms. According to its origin, surface morphology, cutting depth, altitude and relative height difference, it is divided into 7 types: flat dam, platform, low hill, high hill, low mountain, low and middle mountain, and mountain plain. There are alluvial soil, purple soil, yellow soil, etc. There are four soil types, including loam soil and paddy soil. Among them, the alluvial soil area is 4,200 acres, which is formed from purple alluvial parent material. It is distributed on both sides of streams and rivers in shallow hills and wide valleys. It is one of the high-yield grain and oil areas; the purple soil area is 244,700 acres, accounting for 67.6% of the total cultivated land area is distributed in some hills and low mountains. It is a medium-high yield area for dry grains and a main production area for cash crops. Soil nutrient content is: organic matter 0.58~2.3%, total nitrogen 0.05~0.16%, total phosphorus 0.04~0.15%, total potassium 1.8~26%, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen 32~122ppm, available potassium 28~110ppm, pH value 5.6~7.8 .

There are 105 streams and rivers in Kaijiang County with a total length of 360 kilometers. The four main rivers are the Xinning River, Baiyan River, Renshi River and Bamiao River. They belong to the Qujiang River Basin area, the main tributary of the Yangtze River. There are 4,246 various water conservancy projects built in the county, including 22 reservoirs with a water surface of 756.2 hectares and an annual water storage capacity of 92.83 million cubic meters. In particular, since the soil and water conservation project, a key project for agricultural ecological environment construction, was implemented in the early 1980s, comprehensive management of 19 water bodies has been carried out and initial results have been achieved. The county has built 62 electric irrigation stations and 108 mechanical irrigation stations, with a water storage and lifting capacity of 0.9237 billion cubic meters. The effective irrigation area is 180,000 acres, accounting for 80% of the total cultivated land area. The guaranteed irrigation area is 127,000 acres, accounting for the total cultivated land area. More than 30% of the area.

Kaijiang County belongs to the humid subtropical climate zone of the Sichuan Basin, with an annual average temperature of 17.2℃ and a minimum temperature of 16.1℃; the monthly average temperature is 27.1℃ in July, the hottest month, and 5.4℃ in January, the coldest month. ℃; the extreme maximum temperature over the years is 39.8℃, the minimum temperature is -5.5℃; the accumulated temperature ≥ 0℃ is 6101.4℃, and the accumulated temperature ≥10℃ is 5226.2℃. The average annual precipitation for many years is 1259.4 mm, with the maximum annual precipitation being 1607.9 mm and the minimum annual precipitation being 935.8 mm. 70% of them are concentrated from May to September; the regional distribution of rainfall decreases from northeast to southwest, that is, Meijia, Saba, Gemstone, and Daozhi in the northeast have more rainfall; Bamio, Changling, and Guangfu follow with 1250 Around 1,200 millimeters; Tianshi, Qilong, Pu'an, Yongxing, Jing'an, Renshi, Xinjie and southwest areas received less rainfall, at 1,200 millimeters. The average annual sunshine is 1386.6 hours, accounting for 31% of the available sunshine hours, and the frost-free period is 282.6 days. The total annual radiation dose is 91.71 kcal/cm2, and the physiological radiation dose is 46.69 kcal/cm2. The year has four distinct seasons, a mild climate, little frost and snow in winter, rapid temperature rise in spring, abundant rainfall in summer, and slow cooling in autumn. It is also a demonstration county for comprehensive agricultural development and conversion of farmland to forest and a county for the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forest. It has less pollution and forests. The coverage rate is high, and the climate and ecological environment are very good.

Kaijiang is rich in natural resources. There are more than 20 proven minerals in the territory, of which natural gas, coal, and limestone are in large quantities, especially the world-renowned Shacanping gasoline and Wendu currently under development. Yellow gasoline is spread throughout the county, with a total reserve of more than 260 billion cubic meters. It is rich in tourism resources, including Jinshan Temple, an ancient temple built in the Tang Dynasty, Shuangfei Hot Spring, which is rich in various minerals and has health and medical functions, and the sparkling Gem Lake Reservoir. The county has a mild climate, abundant heat, distinct four seasons, abundant rainfall, flat terrain, fertile land, and is rich in a variety of crops. It is known as the "Eastern Sichuan-Plain".

Kaijiang County is an agricultural county with "seven mountains, slight water, and three thirds of farmland" with forestry as a barrier. In 1986, the greening planting task was completed. In 1992, the basic greening standards were achieved. In 1995, it became the first county in the province to complete the construction of the "long-term forest prevention" project and reached the standards. In 1998, it completed the county's greening stage goal. The barren mountains and ridges in the past are now Already lush. In 1999, the "Natural Protection Project" and the "Returning Farmland to Forest" pilot projects were launched one after another, adding new vitality to the forestry construction in Kaijiang County. Today, the county has a forestry land area of ??432,825 acres, accounting for 28.02% of the total area, a forest area of ??324,540 acres, a total stock of standing trees of 1,250,867 cubic meters, and a forest coverage rate of 23.8%. It occupies a forest area of ??0.6 acres and has a storage volume of 2.3642 cubic meters.

Historical evolution

Kaijiang has a long history. In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the county was established in the second year of the Wei Dynasty (AD 553), which has a history of more than 1,400 years.

On May 21, 2003, the Sichuan Provincial People's Government (Sichuan Civil Affairs [2003] No. 16) approved Kaijiang County to cancel Mingyueba Township and merge its administrative area into Xinning Town. The People's Government is located at No. 11 Xiaonan Street, Xinning Town. Baotaba Township and Yangliu Township were abolished, and their administrative areas were merged into Pu'an Town. The town people's government is located at No. 22 Cross Street, Pu'an Town. Yan's hometown and Baiyang Township were abolished, and their administrative areas were merged into Gantang Town. The town people's government is located at No. 112 Tianzi Street, Gantang Town.

Customs

Kaijiang people have always been very particular about building houses, especially in rural areas. Traditionally, they must hire a Feng Shui master.

Feng shui masters in rural areas are very superstitious, but their duties are not completely unscientific. Their actual task is to help the owner choose the ideal house location, look at the terrain, determine the orientation of the house, the layout of each part, and the Start date and host the groundbreaking ceremony. The owner obeys the Feng Shui master's words, because in superstitious terms, all this is related to the life of the house builder and the fate of his descendants. Today, when building a house in rural areas, the custom of hiring a Feng Shui master is almost universally followed, but the feudal superstitious elements are diminishing.

In the process of building houses in Kaijiang during the earthquake, several aspects also had strong traditions.

Firstly, the location must be selected by the "Ink Master" when digging out the mountains. The Ink Master has at least two criteria for selecting a site. The stone must be good, hard and not easily weathered, and it must not damage the Feng Shui dragon veins, for fear of causing disaster. . When quarrying begins, one must also pay homage to the ancestor of the Mountain King;

The second is not to hit a snake when laying the foundation stones, as snakes are considered the most auspicious omen;

The third is to build a wall to seal the stone. Hi, when the wall construction begins, the master will give the craftsmen wallets sealed with red paper;

The fourth is "hanging red on the beams". Mounting the beam is considered to be the most dangerous process. Therefore, Mr. Feng Shui personally supervised the operation, selected the auspicious day of the zodiac, and refused to wait for others. Hang red cloth (red silk or red paper is also acceptable) on the beam, and write couplets with traditional content on both sides of the "red". A rooster was pinched and the blood was poured on the beam. After the beam is laid, relatives, friends and neighbors come forward to congratulate them, set off firecrackers, scatter dried rice dumplings on the ground, feed wild ghosts, and burn paper money to ward off evil spirits. At the same time, the owner also gives the ink master a red envelope of money. During the above steps, the ink master must recite some auspicious prayers loudly.

The birth of a person is a great event worth celebrating for the person and his or her relatives. In rural Kaijiang, birth ceremony is one of the most solemn and complicated etiquette.

①． Giving red eggs (bringing good news)

Once a new baby is born, the husband’s family must quickly tell the mother’s family the good news. The "messenger" who delivers the news of the baby's birth to the baby's grandmother's house is mostly a brother-in-law. The token of good news has a strong symbolic meaning. It is an egg whose shell has been specially dyed red, symbolizing the birth of great blessings.

②. Delivering meals

When the mother-in-law’s family receives the red eggs, they immediately prepare gifts for the son-in-law’s family. Usually, the gifts that must be given fall into two categories, one is food, and the other is clothes, shoes and socks for grandchildren. This custom is very old and is called "sending rice". This is a custom with profound meaning, which means giving clothes and money to the baby. Therefore, the custom of delivering meals has both practical and symbolic meanings.

③. Three mornings of wine

A celebration wine party is held on the third day after the baby is born. At that time, in addition to family members and relatives from maternal uncle's family, distant cousins ??and neighborhood friends will also be invited.

Most of the people attending the three-chao cocktail party were women. It is said that young men who participate in the Three Dynasties of Wine will grow beards on their faces. Of course, this is a legend and has no scientific basis.

④. Full Moon Wine

This is a wine party held when a baby is one month old, so it is also called Full Moon Wine. The scale of Full Moon Wine is generally not large, mainly family members, important members of the family and the closest relatives and friends.

Different from Sanchao Wine, Full Moon Wine has no restrictions on guests, and the atmosphere is not as solemn and strong as Sanchao Wine. It seems relaxed and casual, and the mother-in-law family generally does not attend.

Before the moon comes out, the mother and her child usually have to take a bath with moxa and calamus water. On the one hand, it can clear away heat and detoxify, and on the other hand, it can remove the filth from the body. It means that the mother and child are safe and good luck.

On the day of Full Moon Wine, in many places in the countryside, it is still customary for pregnant women to go out and walk around with their babies on their backs. One is to get rid of bad luck, and the other is to bring back good luck. Therefore, when going around this circle, it is best to pick up some firewood and take it home ("firewood" and "wealth" are homophonic).

⑤. 100-day wine

Different from the full-moon wine to celebrate the full moon of mother and child, the 100-day wine is entirely to celebrate the baby's 100th day, and the purpose is very simple. After three months of feeding, the baby is now well-shaped, expressive and cute. As the last ritual in the birth ceremony, 100-day wine is used to show the grown-up baby to relatives and friends, and at the same time, it is also a wish for the baby to grow up smoothly.

Economic Overview

The rural economy of Kaijiang County focuses on the idea of ??"stabilizing grain, adjusting structure, increasing income and leading to a well-off society", and pays close attention to the eight major areas of sericulture, waterfowl, pigs, fruits, oilseeds, and aquatic products. As key products, we have implemented four major high-efficiency agricultural projects: cocoon silk, duck and goose down, livestock food, and economic forest fruits. The industrial economy has basically formed pillar industries such as hardware tools, light textiles, food, construction materials, and energy, and cultivated table vises, Top ten products such as diapers and down products, and a number of light industrial products have entered the international market. In recent years, the county's transportation, water conservancy, energy, post and telecommunications and other infrastructure construction has achieved remarkable results. The agricultural comprehensive development project in eastern Sichuan has been rated first in the province for seven consecutive years. There are 8 foreign trade export companies in Kaijiang ***, of which 4 The company is a hardware tool export production base approved by the State Council's Office of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, with annual export earnings of more than 30 million US dollars. Its products are exported to more than 20 countries and regions such as Europe, America, and Southeast Asia. It is a company integrating steelmaking, steel rolling, cold drawing, A comprehensive enterprise integrating casting and machinery manufacturing, it mainly produces joint vises, multi-purpose bench vises and a series of plumbing tools.

Table Vise Co., Ltd. has five production lines for table vises and bench vises, with an annual output of 150,000 table vises and 120,000 bench vises. Hengchang Mechanical and Electrical Tools Co., Ltd. is a private enterprise restructured from the original electromechanical tool manufacturing company. The factory produces multi-purpose vises, bench vises, woodworking flat-nose pliers, and adjustable flat-nose pliers with complete specifications and high quality. Hardware Tools Co., Ltd. mainly produces claw hammers, 0 hammers, and steel hammer series products. The factory's claw hammers have won the bronze medal of the "Golden Dragon Takeoff" outstanding export product of the Ministry of Light Industry and the gold medal of the second Beijing "International Expo." The General Dyeing and Weaving Factory is a designated factory for the export of knitted cotton fabrics named by the Provincial Government and the Provincial Economic and Trade Commission. It has jurisdiction over the Dyeing and Weaving Branch Factory, the Down Branch Factory, the National Flag Branch Factory, and the Atomic Seal Factory. The factory produces S89103 pure cotton sterilized baby diapers. A series of products have won the title of national and provincial excellent products, with an annual export volume of more than 1 million dozen. The "Xinghai" brand down jackets produced by Xinghai Down Clothing Co., Ltd. are very popular among customers at home and abroad. Sports and health products produced by metal products factories and soft-surface and hard-surface copies produced by printing films are all exported to a certain extent.

Kaijiang's industry has developed rapidly and has formed an industrial structure with hardware tools, textiles, food, energy, and building materials industries as its pillars and export products as its orientation. Baby diapers and medical sanitary textiles are exported to Southeast Asia and Western Europe. Down products are sold well at home and abroad. They won gold and silver awards at the 1991 Beijing International Expo; there are more than 30 varieties and nearly 300 items including claw hammers, vise table pliers, and hacksaw frames. The hardware tool products of various specifications have been awarded the title of provincial and ministerial excellent products for many times. They are sold well in more than 20 countries and regions such as Europe and the United States, and are designated as hardware tools export base counties by the country. They enjoy the reputation of "Hardware City" and can earn up to 3 million US dollars in foreign exchange annually. above.

Kaijiang has excellent agricultural conditions and is rich in rice, corn, wheat, peanuts, rape, kenaf, citrus, sericulture, ginkgo, olives and other plants and livestock. "Kaijiang White Goose" is It has a nationally renowned local breed and more than 10 million waterfowl are raised. It is known as the "hometown of ducks and geese". Kaijiang is the national olive oil base county and the province's grain and oil, waterfowl, pig, kenaf and tung oil base county. The forest coverage rate reaches 25.6%, the air quality reaches the national Class II standard, and the water quality reaches the National Class III standard.

Animal husbandry accounts for half of Kaijiang's rural economy. In 2002, the animal husbandry output value was 606 million yuan, accounting for 48.5% of the total agricultural output value. In recent years, the county has vigorously implemented the "Billion Project" for the industrialization of livestock and poultry focusing on pigs and geese, which has greatly promoted the development of the industrialization of animal husbandry. The "Pig Quality Project", "Beicao Project", " A large number of livestock and poultry industrialization management projects, such as the "High-Quality Beef Cattle Industrialization Project", "White Goose Standardized Breeding Base Construction", and Eastern Sichuan Rex Rabbit Breeding Base Construction, are being implemented in accordance with the requirements of high technology, high standards and high investment.

Administrative divisions

Kaijiang County is located in the northeastern part of Sichuan Province.

Kaijiang Xian

511723

636250

The County People’s Government in Xinning Town

In 2004, it opened Jiang County governs 10 towns (Xinning, Pu'an, Renshi, Huilong, Tianshi, Yongxing, Daozhi, Gantang, Guangfu, Shabachang) and 10 townships (Qilong, Changtian, Xin Tai, Lingyan, Meijia, Changling, Xinjie, Jing'an, Bamiao, Gemstone).

In March 2019, Kaijiang County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education nationwide in 2018.