"God is like an idiom". What happened in the history books when Cixi and Guangxu took refuge?

1900, Eight-Nation Alliance launched a war of aggression against China and invaded Beijing in August 14. In June of 5438+05, the Empress Dowager Guangxu fled to the west. When Wu Yong, a magistrate of a county, used Huailai County, he made great achievements in "driving" and even rose to the third class overnight, which became another scandal in the history of Qing Dynasty. In June 65438+1October 65438+September of the same year, Cixi, Guangxu and others moved west to Shaanxi, which brought many disasters to Shaanxi people.

At this time, a rare drought and locust plague occurred in Shaanxi, affecting more than 60 counties. At that time, the population of Shaanxi was about 8 million, and the hungry population exceeded 3 million. "Bare land thousands of miles away, hungry." Some people sell human flesh in some places. However, Cixi turned a blind eye to the life and death of Shaanxi people and still had great prestige in the past. No matter from Tongguan to Xi, clear water fills the streets and roads paved with loess. All houses should be equipped with lights, doors, walls and ceilings, all decorated with yellow satin. Every meal has hundreds of tables, so the temporary kitchen built by the passing county town occupies half the street.

Wherever Cixi went, eunuchs were sent to check the preparations for "lifting the car". Those who do well are rewarded, and those who are not considerate are punished. These eunuchs in charge of inspection eat and drink at banquets and grab cultural relics and antiques at will. Afraid of disaster, organization officials had to give in to flattery. After these eunuchs leave, local officials are often angered and dealt with again. Before Cixi and her party arrived in Huazhou, "all officials and gentry are prepared, and those who have not paid attention to it for decades are extravagant."

So are other countries. For example, Huayin magistrate estimated that Cixi might go to Huashan after crossing the border, and specially made two "imperial beds" for Cixi and Guangxu, and put them on the middle peak of Huashan. The bedstead is carved from sandalwood. The bed and both sides of the bed are inlaid with glass into a double-layer hollow shape, which is filled with clear water, goldfish and aquatic plants. High cost. But when Cixi was climbing Huashan Mountain, she didn't want to climb it because the mountain road was steep. As a result, these two expensive "royal beds" were not used. When Cixi was still in Henan, Shaanxi officials made great efforts to prepare for Cixi and her party. The poor have to serve hard with black beans, oil residue and bran as rations every day. The supervised officials are a little dissatisfied, that is, whipping rope bolts and punishing them at will. Vehicles that forcibly pull the "Emperor's errand" are often detained without reason. As mentioned above, people complain a lot.

On October 26th, 65438/kloc-0, Cixi and her party went to xi 'an. It happened to rain that day, but the authorities forced people to kneel in the rain and get on the bus. Hungry people have to obey. Even Yu Youren, who was studying in Xi 'an Anfu Middle School at that time, was forced to kneel in the rain with his teacher for more than an hour.

Cixi's "Palace" in xi 'an was a great struggle. Shaanxi authorities originally planned to use the North Yard Yamen as a palace, but they carried out large-scale construction and transformation. Shaanxi middle school in the north was also occupied, forcing the school to close. Cixi spent nearly 52,000 silver coins before entering Shaanxi, which was used to repair the palace in the North Campus and the residences of other court officials.

After Cixi and her party entered Shaanxi, they hurried to the former Shaanxi-Gansu Governor's Office. At this time, the yamen of the Governor's Office moved to Lanzhou as a temporary palace, with the doorpost painted red and the archway painted Yunlong. However, after Cixi and her party arrived in xi 'an, they didn't want to go in because there were too few houses, and they still lived in the yamen of the North Campus. In order to welcome Cixi and others, Duan Fang, the governor of Shaanxi Province, set up a branch to deal with the affairs of "imperial envoys". In less than a month, it cost 292 thousand silver. These actions, which consume manpower and material resources, have aroused strong dissatisfaction among the broad masses of the people.

During the Revolution of 1911, Yu Youren, a famous revolutionary, studied in Shaanxi Middle School. He was very dissatisfied with Cixi's disastrous behavior, so he wrote to Cen Chunxuan, then the governor of Shaanxi Province, asking him to kill Cixi in the Hundred Days Reform Movement and re-implement the "New Deal". Before the letter was sent, classmate Wang gave up. Although Yu Youren's behavior was naive, it did reflect the strong dissatisfaction of the masses at that time.

Cixi's life in xi 'an is also very luxurious. There are various bureaus in Imperial Restaurant, namely, meat bureau, vegetarian bureau, dinner bureau, vegetable bureau, porridge bureau, tea bureau, cheese bureau and dim sum bureau. More than a dozen people in each bureau. Before dinner, eunuchs have to show more than 100 menus customized by Cixi. Cixi wants to drink milk. At that time, Xi 'an had no cows, so Shaanxi authorities quickly bought six or seven cows for her to drink.

190 1 in the summer of, Shaanxi suffered another drought and the weather was extremely hot. Empress Dowager Cixi was so hot that local officials didn't bother to shave their stomachs. They took some green glass jars and sent them to the residence of Empress Dowager Cixi. They send people to change water every day to cool the house of Empress Dowager Cixi. Cixi drinks iced sour plum soup every day, but there is no ice in xi 'an in summer. Local officials force people to pull ice for the royal restaurant every day in Taibai Mountain, hundreds of miles from Xi. Cixi spent 1.22 million silver dollars and 2.8 million Jin of wheat in the first eight months of her life in Shaanxi. In the face of such amazing expenses, Cixi was still dissatisfied and said, "The food expenses in Beijing are several times the original. Today, it can be said that it is saved. "

Cixi eats in the palace all day, or spends time watching operas, listening to stories, watching juggling, gambling on gold balls and ingots, or taking pleasure in writing and drawing. Yue Chao, who followed Cixi to xi 'an, wrote in his memoirs: "Cixi is getting more and more beautiful. She has traveled thousands of miles from Beijing to Shaanxi and has never seen the color of dust. " It can be seen from its extravagant life.

Guangxu, as the emperor, is the puppet of Cixi. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, Cixi was very strict with Guangxu, and there were many slaves around her. Cixi can quickly know Guangxu's words and deeds. According to Yue Chao's memory, after Guangxu arrived in Xi, he looked haggard and often looked anxious. I've never seen him happy for a while, or even forced a smile. He is always careful, for fear that disaster will befall him at any time. When Guangxu summoned his liegeman to discuss this matter, he sat in the dragon chair like a wooden chicken and said nothing. Only Cixi asked him, and he snorted. Just a routine. Everything is decided by Cixi.

Cixi spent a lot of money in her life when she was in xi 'an, but when the country was in trouble, she mistakenly ordered everything to be frugal. She wears cloth outside and silk inside. Up and down, so do many bureaucrats.

In order to raise more money, Cixi publicly betrayed the officials of xi. There is a rich man in Tongguan who wants to buy a member. Cixi clearly marked the price and thought that at least two thousand pieces of silver were needed. Zhang Heng, the widow of the richest man, found a backer to fight for power and profit with Xu, the heir, and spent 12 thousand silver to see Cixi, winning the title of "Lady" for her. Cixi did this, and the following officials followed suit, so corruption and extortion appeared one after another.

Eunuch Li is very popular with Cixi and very powerful. Not only does Cixi often sell officials, but officials from all over the world must also prepare gifts to bribe Li when giving gifts to Cixi, otherwise they will not be reported. Later, Cixi left Anshi, and Li's property was more than half of Cixi's. Other eunuchs in the palace must also take bribes. It's just that every day Cixi eats Chae Yeon, she has to pay a "door-to-door fee" of 320 silver dollars, otherwise they won't accept it.

If Cixi can't eat the food she swallowed, the official will be killed. Eunuchs never give money when they go out to buy things, which makes businessmen near the palace very scared and complain. Eunuchs are like this, and other bureaucrats are no exception. General Chen embezzled huge salaries. Rong Lu, the military affairs minister, wants to investigate. Chen gave a bribe of 42,000 yuan and four boxes of silks and satins. Hong Rong was allowed to repay this salary as "loss before release". Those so-called "two guards" and "diligent teachers" who come to Shaanxi from all over the world often rob and plunder everywhere. People regard them as tigers and wolves. When Cixi fled Beijing, the cart-pulling cow, commonly known as "Enniu", also ran around in red clothes, overturning the stall and injuring pedestrians. No one dares to stand in the way.

The imperial court lived a luxurious life. After three years of drought, Xi City had "more food for the people" and "hungry people". 1900 12. Desperate and hungry people surrounded Rong Lu, the minister of military affairs, and demanded relief. It was not until one of Tang Chenglie's men claimed to be route for providing foodstuff that this matter was solved by him and Rong Lu was able to escape. Empress Dowager Cixi was afraid of causing civil strife, so she had to order the opening of porridge court. During the reign of Cixi, An and Li Hongzhang, as plenipotentiaries of the Qing court, negotiated with foreign invaders in Beijing. The foreign representative demanded that the "first disaster minister" be severely punished, and Cixi ordered Zhuang to perish together with the left in his own time with his own honor. Zhao Shuqiao, the military minister, is deeply trusted by Cixi, because she has repeatedly supported her major decisions.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/900, the Boxer Rebellion in Gyeonggi clashed with the Qing army and imperialism, and Cixi ordered Zhao Shuqiao to inspect Baoding. Zhao Shuqiao disapproved of the Boxer Rebellion's actions and had some views on using the Boxer Rebellion against foreigners. However, because he strongly advocated the use of the Boxer Rebellion as the co-organizer of the university official department, and was quoted by the company minister, the two were closely related, so they were sometimes called "Zhao Gang". Especially at that time, Cixi advocated using the Boxer Rebellion. Zhao Shuqiao did not dare to disobey the wishes of Cixi, but secretly attacked Cixi. Therefore, ministers and diplomatic representatives at that time thought that Zhao Shuqiao was one of the chief culprits of "vertical boxing" and demanded severe punishment. At first, Cixi intended to keep Zhao Shuqiao, but only fired him, asked him to stay, and ordered the representatives of China to argue with each other. However, foreign representatives were tough and threatened with force. The Qing court was afraid, so Zhao Shuqiao's conviction was exaggerated again and again. Until you decide to make a decision. After the news came out, because Zhao Shuqiao is from Chang 'an, he has always been clean and capable, and his official voice is quite good.

Many people pleaded for Zhao in Ann, and tens of thousands of people gathered. Empress Dowager Cixi and others were angry with the civilians and ordered Zhao Shuqiao to commit suicide. 190/kloc-0 On February 24th, 2000, Zhao Shuqiao wrote two Poems of Death, one of which said, "Life and death are not a paradise, so it is very sad to cry". When Zhao committed suicide, he swallowed gold and didn't die because he was strong. Drinking opium arsenic, not dead, from night 1 to morning 1 1, not dead. The prisoner Cen Chunxuan urged again and again, and his words were very sharp. Zhao Shuqiao's family had no choice but to "paste 7 with tissue paper and then fill it with soju." Repeat, repeat several times, then die. "Zhao Shuqiao died at the age of 53 and committed suicide on the same day as his wife. Zhao Shuqiao has always been loyal to Cixi. However, in order to save herself, Cixi did not hesitate to bow to foreign invaders, but put all the blame on others, accusing Zhao and others of "indefensible" and "damn". Its insidious and cunning means are very obvious. During Cixi's stay in Shaanxi, the emperor spent 1.9 million silver. 19011On October 6th, Cixi left xi 'an in a sedan chair with 3,000 carriages and belongings. Under the protection of a large number of armed forces, the scene was even worse than when she entered Shaanxi. "Thousands of officials, chariots and horses, and people carried a banner along the way. The weather is so bad that they came at a completely different time. " However, according to the memories of the parties, "the average person said nothing except the gentry in the provincial capital. [13] "In the era when the working people have no political freedom, this extreme strangeness is not only a silent protest, but also a silence before the thunder roar.

Volume 34, the continuation of Shaanxi provincial records. Rebuilding huaxian county archives. Yu Youren: My youth. Shaanxi tour. Yue Chao: Geng Zi ~ Xinzhou Documentary. Liu: Cixi and Emperor Guangxu. Yue Chao: On-the-spot report on the Buddhist scriptures of Geng Zi's Xin Chou. Shen Zhai Bie Ji Volume 4. Wu Yong: On hunting in the west of Gengzi. [13] Yue Chao: A documentary on Gengzi's appreciation of ugliness.