What historical vicissitudes and bronze culture can be felt in Yan Dou site of Western Zhou Dynasty?

Liu Lihe is the site of ancient Yan Dou in the Western Zhou Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago. It is the earliest capital of Beijing and even North China. It is the political center of Yan State that has lasted for 800 years. It is the birthplace of today's world city Beijing. It has played an important role for the Chinese nation to eventually become a multi-ethnic country with unified north and south.

Visit the Western Zhou Dynasty Yan Dou Site Museum.

Located in Dong Jialin Village, Liu Lihe Town, Fangshan District. It is 48 kilometers away from Beijing. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit, the birthplace of Beijing, and one of the new archaeological discoveries of China 100 in the 20th century.

The excavation of the ruins of the ancient city of the Western Zhou Dynasty not only confirmed the initial fief of Yan State in the early Zhou Dynasty, but also affirmed that the establishment of Beijing's administrative system began with the elimination of merchants and the enfeoffment of Yan State and Ji State, and the history of Beijing's more than 3,000 years of city construction began.

The museum was built in the tomb area of Shang and Zhou ruins, covering an area of 20,667 square meters. This is a pavilion-style building imitating the Tang style. There are exhibition halls, cultural relics storerooms, two tombs and two chariots and horses pits in the museum. Thousands of handicrafts, such as pottery, bronze, primitive celadon, jade, lacquerware, statues and stones, were exhibited. Among them, there are the largest bronze wares found in the history of Beijing, Jinding and Moment, 43-character inscriptions, and national cultural relics such as clay (thunder homophonic) and (He homophonic) that record the historical facts of the eldest son.

Touch bronze culture

Bronze is the earliest alloy. Tin or lead alloys are added to pure copper. Bronze is characterized by low melting point, high hardness and strong plasticity. Come to the museum. What are the main bronzes here?

Ding, Wei, Gui, Zun, Jue, Fu, Pan and so on, everything!

What's the difference between these bronzes?

D: Cooking, three or four feet, two ears; Used for cooking food, equivalent to a pot, and later used as a sacrificial container; Three legs, three legs.

Cookware, shaped like a tripod.

Turtle: (guǐ) An ancient food container with a round mouth and ears was also used as a sacrifice. The emperor's driving six and Jiuding eight are exclusive to the emperor, and the later vassal States also enjoy it.

Zhi √: drinking vessel, small in shape or covered; Noble people raise flags, and humble people raise horns. -"The Book of Rites".

So, what are the main decorative patterns of bronzes?

There are mainly animal face patterns, dragon patterns, Feng Niaowen patterns, animal patterns, fire patterns, animal deformation patterns, geometric patterns, portraits and so on.

What are the common decorative patterns?

Feng Niaowen is one of the main decorative patterns in Shang and Zhou bronzes.

What do these bronzes represent?

There are Jinding, Boju and Gui.

Jinding: straight ears and three hooves. Height 62 cm, weight 4 1.5 kg. This is the largest and heaviest bronze ritual vessel found in Beijing. The outside of each ear is decorated with a set of opposite dragon patterns.

Boju flavor: commonly known as tauren flavor, cooker. Its whole body is decorated with seven lifelike bull heads, which is a fine bronze ware in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. It is the treasure of the town hall of Yan Dou Site Museum of Western Zhou Dynasty in Beijing, and is now in the Capital Museum.

B Gonggui: Food containers. Its four legs are made up of four elephants, with a strange shape and vivid image.

Small bronzes used to be the product of hierarchy, reflecting the society, politics, economy and material culture of an era. There are etiquette sticks at work. For example, only nobles can enjoy it, which also reflects the luxury of life. At first, only the emperor could enjoy the treatment; It can only be used by outstanding people. At that time, there was a saying that the honorable person raised his hat and the humble person raised his horn. ...