Historical events that expanded the territory of the Qin Dynasty

Northern Conquest of the Huns

The Huns are distributed on the Mongolian Plateau. Since the end of the Warring States Period, they have often invaded the south. After the country was unified, Qin Shihuang sent Meng Tian to lead an army of 300,000 to fight against the Xiongnu. [51] In the 32nd year of the Qin Dynasty (215 BC), Meng Tian regained the land south of Hetao, which was the so-called "Henan Land" at the time, and further expelled the Xiongnu the next year. [51] [52] The Qin Dynasty set up thirty-four counties in the area east of the Yellow River and south of the Yinshan Mountains from Yuzhong (east of present-day Lanzhou, Gansu, but there are different theories), and built a section of the Yellow River along the river. plug. [53] Qin also repaired and connected the Great Walls of the three kingdoms of Yan, Zhao, and Qin during the Warring States Period, and built the Great Wall, one of the great projects in the ancient world, from Lintao (now Min County, Gansu) in the west to Liaodong in the east, to protect the north. agricultural area. [54] Then, Qin moved tens of thousands of people to Hetao. This has played a positive role in the reclamation of border areas and the strengthening of border defenses.

Submission of Baiyue

The Yue people in China are distributed in East China and South China, divided into Fujian, Nanyue, Xiou and other parts. Minyue is in present-day Zhejiang and Fujian, South Vietnam is in present-day Guangdong and eastern Guangxi, and Xiou is in present-day southwestern Guangdong, southern Guangxi and southeastern Yunnan. The Yue people "have their hair cut off and tattoos, and their arms are folded on the left lapel". They are surrounded by mountains and seas and engage in fishing, hunting and agriculture. The people of Xiou are mainly engaged in agricultural production. [55]

In the twenty-fourth year of the Qin Dynasty (223 BC), Wang Jian led the Qin army to destroy Chu, continued to advance southward, captured part of the land of the Yue people, and established Kuaiji County (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). [48] ??In the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shi Huang’s reign, Qin Shi Huang sent Wei Tu Sui with 500,000 soldiers and divided them into five armies to attack Tancheng (now Jingxian County, Hunan), Jiuyi (now south of Ningyuan, Hunan), Panyu (now Guangzhou, Guangdong), Nanye (now the territory of Nankang, Jiangxi Province) and Yugan (now the territory of Yugan, Jiangxi Province) carried out arduous battles for three years without disarming armor or relaxing crossbows. The Qin army defeated the resistance of Minyue and established Minzhong County (now Fuzhou, Fujian) on its land. The Qin army that attacked South Vietnam also occupied Panyu. Only the Qin army on the western front encountered stubborn resistance from the Xiou people.

In order to solve the difficulty of the Qin army's transfer of pay, Jian Lu led his troops to dig the Ling Canal (in today's Xing'an, Guangxi) between the Xiang River and the Li River, connecting the Yangtze River and Pearl River water systems. In the battle between the Qin army and the Xiou people, Xiou Jun Yixu Song and the Qin army commander-in-chief Wei Tu Sui died one after another. In the 33rd year of the First Emperor of Qin, Qin Shihuang also banished the people who had fled from the inner county, his sons-in-law, and merchants to reinforce him, conquered Xiou, and established Nanhai County (today's Guangzhou, Guangdong) in Nanyue, the hometown of Xiou and its adjacent areas. Xiangjun (now Chongzuo, Guangxi) and Guilin County (now Guiping, Guangxi), and continued to recruit people to garrison. [56] In this way, hundreds of thousands of northern farmers stayed there to live together with the Vietnamese and jointly developed the Pearl River Basin.

In the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang (221 BC), the feudal country in which princes separated themselves and ruled the roost ended, and the authoritarian and centralized Han unified country began. This is a special and great event in ancient history. As a unified dynasty, it established a highly centralized political system in a vast ruling area, with "the same amount of equipment and the same writing."

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