What is the title and author's name of the poem "The adherents are in tears, looking south at Julian Waghann for another year"?

Works: The feeling of dawn (1) coming out of the hedge door to meet the cold in autumn night.

There are two poems on the same topic, and this is the second one. )

Time: Southern Song Dynasty

Author: Lu You

Content:

Three Wan Li rivers (2) flow eastward into the sea, and five thousand mountains (3) climb skyscrapers.

The adherents shed tears in Chen Hu (4) and looked south in Julian Waghann (5) for a year.

Precautions:

1. Dawn: It's almost dawn. Fence gate: A gate made of bamboo or branches.

2. Three Wan Li River: refers to the Yellow River. "Three Wan Li" describes it as long and meaningless.

3. Five thousand sacred mountains: refers to Huashan Mountain in Xiyue. "Five thousand meters" describes its height. The ancients took eight feet as a section.

4. Chen Hu: refers to the dust raised by the invaders' iron hooves. Hu: In ancient times, China was a general term for northern and western nationalities.

5. Julian Waghann: refers to the army of the Song Dynasty.

6. Sea: refers to the Yellow River.

7. Qi: The ancient unit for calculating length, with eight feet as one (seven feet as one). Yue: It refers to the mountains of Thailand, Heng, Song and Hua in the north. Speaking of Mount Tai in Dongyue and Huashan in Xiyue, skyscrapers meet the sky.

8. adherents: people in the northern enemy-occupied areas.

9. Chen Hu: refers to the dust raised by nomads and soldiers.

10. Julian Waghann: refers to the army of the Song Dynasty.

Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry

Wan Li Yellow River flows eastward into the sea,

The 5000-meter-high Huashan Mountain soars into the sky.

The adherents under the iron hoof have no tears to cry,

I hope people loyal to the government can recover lost ground next year.

Thoughts and feelings

This poem expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of patriotism and concern for the country and the people.

Historical background

During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jin Bing occupied the Central Plains. When the poet wrote this poem, the Central Plains had fallen into the hands of the Jin people for more than 60 years. At this time, the patriotic poet Lu You was exiled to his hometown. In the countryside of Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), he yearned for the great rivers and mountains of the Central Plains, and also missed the people of the Central Plains, hoping that the Song Dynasty could recover the Central Plains as soon as possible and realize reunification.

Brief introduction of the author

Lu You was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). His father, Lu Zai, is an official and scholar with great national integrity. After the imperial court crossed the south, he returned to his hometown to write a book. Lu You received patriotic family education since childhood, and determined to take revenge in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. 29-year-old Kao Jinshi, the first. He was removed from the list because he violated the soldier Qin Gui. When he was a dutiful son, he was born as a scholar and served as a judge in Kuizhou. Promote Changping tea and salt business on Jiangnan West Road, and be familiar with Yanzhou and other local officials. I also worked as an adviser to Wang Yan and Fan Chengda, and later became a doctor in the imperial court instead of a doctor. Dismissed at the age of 65, that is, returned to his hometown to live in seclusion. He died at the age of 86. Lu You insisted on resisting gold all his life. Although he was hit by capitulationists many times, his patriotism never wavered, and he still remembered the reunification of the country until his death. He was a great patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He is diligent in writing, writing poems for 60 years in his life and saving more than 9300 poems. Poetry has a wide range of themes and rich contents, among which works that show resistance to gold and serve the country best reflect the spirit of that era. The style of the poem is rough and bold, which is similar to that of Li Bai, so it is called "Little Taibai".

Creation background

Weng Fang, 68, has returned to his hometown in Yin Shan for four years. But the quiet country life can't calm the old man's heart. Although it is early autumn, the summer heat is still strong, and the hot weather and inner boiling make him unable to sleep. At dawn, he stepped out of the hedge door to cool off and wrote two poems. I chose one of them here.

[Content analysis] The poem begins with a severe weather. Mountains and rivers were originally motionless, but the use of the words "enter" and "rub" makes people feel that the Yellow River and Huashan are not only majestic, but also full of vitality. But the great rivers and mountains, trapped in the enemy, how can we not let people feel extremely indignant! These two sentences are broad and profound, and the antithesis is neat.

The word "Jin" in "Tears of adherents are all in dust" contains infinite bitterness. Tears have flowed for more than 60 years, how can they not flow? However, even if the eyes are dry and the blood is exhausted, those adherents who care about the motherland still yearn for the south; The dust raised by the Golden Horse team kept them looking forward to Julian Waghann. With "Chen Hu" as the background, "Tears are exhausted", and the feelings are more and more painful.

At the end of the sentence "Look south to Julian Waghann for another year", the word "you" extends the upper limit of time. The adherents of the Southern Song Dynasty look forward to it year after year, but there is still a long way to go. How do they know that the monarch and subjects of the Southern Song Dynasty have long forgotten them! In fact, the poet expressed his disappointment by writing about the sufferings of northern believers. The whole poem is centered on the word "Wang", which shows the poet's hopes, disappointments and feelings. This is a tragic voice. Poetry is magnificent, serious, desolate, sorrowful and inspiring.

Wang Fuzhi was a progressive thinker during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and he had a lot of knowledge about the art of poetry. He once used small-scale painting as a metaphor to reveal the profound and broad artistic conception of quatrains and short poems, which is very enlightening. See "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" Volume II:

The painter said, "I have the potential of Wan Li." The word "potential" should be focused. No matter what the situation, Wan Li will be close at hand, and this is the next photo from the previous day. Five-character quatrains are the first meaning when thinking. Only people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty can get what they want, such as: "Where do you live? Near here, next to the fishing pond? . Let's catch our boat together, let's see if we belong to the same town .. "The ink is direct, the four tables are infinite, and there are no words everywhere.

Capturing the scenery of Wan Li in a square foot frame is by no means to scale down the mountains and rivers and list them on paper. Works of art create vivid typical images, which can arouse rich associations. Although there are not many words, the artistic conception is boundless and quite difficult to calculate.

However, Wang Fuzhi thinks that only the quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty can be proud of the wonders outside the words, but this is not necessarily the case. He quoted Cui Hao's "Long March", which is full of affection and profound meaning. In fact, it is also one of the poetic scenes, such as "Nothing is said, it is all romantic" in Si Kongtu's "Poems and Words". The predecessors who talked about the artistic conception of poetry often yearned for this realm. In Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen advocated that "there are several peaks in the sky, and there is a little pen and ink, which means beyond pen and ink" (silkworm tail continued), which is an example. However, we can also see another kind of clever pen, that is, the dragon jumps over the ruler and swallows Wan Li. As Si Kongtu said, "Full of body", "Strong in quality" and "Everything is there" (Poem Bold) are generally due to long lines or sentences, while Lu You's Autumn Night Will Break Dawn and Out of the Hedge in the Song Dynasty. This poem is still a quatrain, with the potential of Wan Li in hand. Compared with Cui Hao's Long March, it seems to be more worthy of the lofty evaluation of "Mo Xiang's four expressions are infinite".

Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was determined to serve the country as soon as possible in the face of the drastic changes in the motherland's division. He joined the Southwest Army in middle age, and his poetic realm was greatly broadened by the magnificent real world and warm battlefield life. As his "Xiuzi" recalls, "Middle-aged people began to realize less and gradually wanted to see the splendor"; "Reading Poems and Writing Songs One Night on September 1st" records that "before the poet suddenly saw Samadhi, the composer was vivid in his eyes; The secret brocade is used in me, and the beauty of cutting is not in the knife ruler. " People who play with the skill of carving insects are naturally beyond their reach. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in the mountains, but his ambition never waned. He falls asleep from time to time. "As soon as an old horse rides the dust, it aims at a thousand miles." His infinite indignation at the decline of the Central Plains, his infinite concern for the fate of the broad masses of the people, and his infinite hatred for the ruling clique that wronged the country in the Southern Song Dynasty are all revealed in this four-line poem.

"River" refers to the Yellow River, which nurtures the mother of the Chinese nation; Yue refers to Mount Tai in Dongyue, Songshan in Zhongyue and Huashan in Xiyue. Towering mountains, connected with green ghosts; Roaring the river and rushing to the sea. Two sentences, one horizontal and one vertical, show us the victory of half of China in the northern Central Plains, which is clear, abrupt and boundless. The magnificent mountains and rivers symbolize the loveliness of the motherland and the tenacity of the people, giving readers rich associations. But such mountains and rivers, such people, have long been ravaged by the nobles of the rulers. The next two sentences, with a change of pen, suddenly feel that the situation has changed suddenly and the poetic realm is developing in a more far-reaching direction. The word "fishing with exhausted resources" has been repeated for thousands of times, and the people of the Central Plains have suffered heavy oppression, endured long-term torture, and recovered their determination and urgency. They looked forward to the Northern Expedition in the Southern Song Dynasty year after year, but this wish failed year after year. Of course, they are still looking forward to it. The patriotic enthusiasm of the people is really like a jumping flame under the ground, which is getting hotter and hotter as time goes by; However, the ruling clique in the Southern Song Dynasty lived in a drunken dream and died by the West Lake, leaving behind great rivers and mountains, ethnic hatred and family feuds. It has been dead for a long time, what a pity! Although the latter meaning is not clearly expressed in the poem, the strong critical spirit can be clearly seen.

Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" has a cloud: "Write mourning with happy scenes, mourn Syaraku with sad scenes, and its sorrow and joy are multiplied." It is pointed out that the dialectical blending of opposing scenes can multiply the power of artistic infection. Lu You's poems set off the sadness of China by praising the wonders of mountains and rivers, and satirized the callousness of the rulers by expressing the feelings of the general public. The contradictions and conflicts between the times and society are not only comprehensively and profoundly exposed, but also highly concentrated in 28 words. Ideal and reality, love and deep anger are intertwined and reflect each other, giving people enlightenment beyond the scope of time and space, but where is the boundary between "one hundred years" and "Wan Li"? This magnificent realm is rare in the quatrains of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but it has been continuously explored by poets in the middle Tang Dynasty and even in the Song Dynasty, which deserves our special attention and treasure.

I feel that the hedge door will come out at dawn in autumn night to meet the cold (I)

Lu you

(3) East of Wan Li River flows into the sea,

5000 feet on a skyscraper.

Adherents shed tears and dust,

Look south to Julian Waghann for another year.