Return to nature, the most beautiful southeast Guizhou

Qiandongnan Prefecture is a mountainous area with subtropical monsoon climate, with undulating peaks, criss-crossing rivers, beautiful scenery and many scenic spots. Here, nearly a quarter of the Miao population and nearly half of the Dong population live in China. There are the largest Miao village and the largest Dong village in China. There are high mountains and deep valleys, as well as dense forests. In the past, because of the traffic jam, few foreigners set foot on it, thus preserving the intact primitive ecology and national culture: the virgin forest is vast and green, and rare birds and animals roam freely; Hairstyles in the Tang Dynasty, costumes in the Song Dynasty, buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the legacy of Wei and Jin Dynasties still exist. Miao and Dong villages are like simple pictures embedded in green mountains and green waters. When you walk here, you will feel that not only the space is shifting, but also the time is going backwards. Here, there are beautiful Miao and Dong girls with mellow wine and moving songs; Here, there are free and easy Miao and Dong youths waiting for guests with lusheng.

There are more than 300 ethnic festivals in Qiandongnan Prefecture. On holidays, people wear colorful and rusty flowered clothes, all kinds of silver ornaments, singing folk songs, flying songs, love songs, Daqu, dancing lusheng dance, bronze drums, wooden drums, bench dancing, playing lusheng dance, playing the cow leg piano and so on. See things in a blur Coupled with the unique reception etiquette such as blocking roads, sprinkling villages and blocking doors, as well as the quaint and elegant Miao Diaojiao Building, Dong Zhai Drum Tower and Yufeng Bridge, it is called a' living national art dictionary' because you are fascinated everywhere.

Miao nationality in southeastern Guizhou

Miao nationality is a relatively large minority among 56 ethnic groups in China, with a population of about 8.94 million, mainly distributed in Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hainan and other provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in the southwest. Guizhou is the largest inhabited area, with more than 4.3 million people, accounting for half of the Miao population in China. Qiandongnan Prefecture is the largest and most typical Miao inhabited area, with a Miao population of about 6.5438+0.8 million, accounting for a quarter of the national Miao population and 465.438+0.5% of the population of Qiandongnan Prefecture, covering almost the whole of Qiandongnan Prefecture.

There are many branches of Miao nationality in Qiandongnan, creating colorful Miao costumes. Every Miao costume is a symbol of every Miao sub-ethnic group or sub-ethnic group. There are considerable differences between sub-ethnic groups and sub-ethnic groups in the same sub-ethnic group in terms of clothing styles, colors and patterns, as well as the modeling and technology of ornaments, and each has its own unique style, especially the clothing of Miao women, which can best reflect this national symbol. The traditional Miao women's costumes in Qiandongnan are colorful, dazzling and distinctive. Among the costumes of Miao women in Qiandongnan, except the Miao people in Sansui Zhaitou wear pants and trousers, the rest wear skirts. The pleated skirt of Miao nationality is the basic point of Miao nationality's clothing style. On this basis, various styles of clothing and exquisite ornaments are decorated to form a unique clothing shape, representing different sub-ethnic groups or sub-ethnic groups. The dress of Miao women in Qiandongnan can be divided into three types: long skirt, middle skirt and short skirt. Under each type, there are countless types of clothes, such as Xijiang, Zhou Xi, Gulong, Shidong and so on.

From 20 10 to 20 12, Miao people were distributed in 6 counties in Quanzhou/kloc-0, but mainly in Kaili, Leishan, Taijiang, Jianhe, Ping Huang, Shibing, Danzhai, Majiang, Rongjiang and Congjiang.

There are more than 200 kinds of Miao costumes in Qiandongnan Prefecture, which is the most diverse and well-preserved area in China and even in the world. It is called "Miao costume museum". Generally speaking, Miao costumes retain the traditional techniques of weaving, embroidering, picking and dyeing in China, and often use a main technique while using other techniques, or choose embroidery, or take embroidery for dyeing, or combine weaving and embroidery, which makes these costumes colorful and shows distinctive national artistic characteristics. From the content point of view, clothing patterns are mostly based on various life images in daily life, and play an important role in expressing ideas, identifying races, branches and languages. These video recordings are called "epics worn on the body" by experts and scholars.

Clothing types and distribution

Dong nationality developed from a branch of ancient Baiyue. The places where Dong people live now belong to Shang Yang (Yue) in Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qianzhong County and Guilin County in Qin Dynasty, Wuling County and Yulin County in Han Dynasty. From the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty, it was called' the land of five streams', and in the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was called' the cave of streams'. It has been an active area for ethnic minorities since ancient times. According to the documents of past dynasties, from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were "Yue people", "Qianzhong people" and "Wu Lingren" living here. From the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Tang and Song Dynasties, the ethnic minorities here were insulted as Wuxi people or Manchu people, and in the Tang and Song Dynasties they were insulted as Xixi people in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

Dong nationality in southeastern Guizhou

Dong costumes can be divided into women's clothes, men's clothes and children's clothes. Among them, women's wear is divided into casual wear and holiday wear, and men's wear in some areas is also divided into casual wear and holiday wear.

Dong women's clothing can be roughly divided into trouser skirts, including clothes, skirts, trousers, shoes, hairstyles, headscarves and silver ornaments. Different types have different styles.

Yuan Bao _, Jianhe Xiaoguang and other places are mostly straight pants. This coat is a right-collared cardigan with no collar or low collar. Shoulders, sleeves and waist, cuffs and hem (from neckline to hem) are inlaid with cloth rolls or lace, belts and trousers. The top of the hair is tied up or tied into a partial bun, bangs are tied into braids, and the bun is tied behind the head. Wear sandals without heels, round cloth shoes or embroidered shoes with hooks.

Embroidered hook shoes are necessary craft shoes for Dong women to dress up. The upper material of embroidered hook shoes is very particular, and the fabric is generally fine silk. After the upper surface is made, flowers and birds, bees and butterflies, fish and shrimp, snake dragons and geometric patterns are embroidered with various silk threads and embroidery techniques. The embroidery pattern of embroidered shoes can be divided into "full side", "heel side" and "half side". Unmarried girls wear fully embroidered hook shoes, married women wear embroidered hook shoes with flowers, and elderly women wear semi-embroidered hook shoes.

Dong nationality clothing

The silver ornaments of Dong women can be roughly divided into headdress, earrings, necklaces, chest ornaments, back ornaments, hand ornaments and foot ornaments. There are headdresses, bouquets, hairpins, silver hairpins, silver combs, hair chains and silver hats. Earrings, earrings, earrings, etc. The collar has "hemming", "twist", "fine print" and "plate". The chest is decorated with silver badges, silver chains, silver hoop chains and silver bead chains. The back is decorated with S-shaped silver ingots, and the silver pendants are wrapped into hexagons and squares. There are bracelets, bracelets, rings and so on. The feet are decorated with anklets, foot bells and so on. Decorated with fish-shaped silver ornaments, silver floating baskets, etc.

Dong silver jewelry

Kaili-Xianglushan, Yudong, Nanhua Miao Village and Dao Ji Miao Village;

Leishan-Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village, Leigongshan National Forest Park, Langde Shangzhai, Gao Zhan Miao Village, Wudong Miao Village, Paika Miao Village, Xiangshuiyan Scenic Area, Gao Yan Grand Canyon and Xinqiao Village, the birthplace of Tonggu;

Rongjiang-Gurongqun, Zaidang Dong Village, Sanbao Dong Village, Dong Dali Village, Langdong Miao Village, Moon Mountain, Kongshen Miao Village, Bai Bei Miao Village, 72 Village Dong Village Scenic Area, Longtang Wonder Scenic Area and Shilibai Waterfall Scenic Area;

Congjiang-Basha Miao Village, Huang Xiao East Village, Jiabang Terrace, Li Zhandong Village, Gaozengdong Village, Zengchong Drum Tower, Judongdong Village and Yintandong Village;

Liping-Tiansheng Bridge, Zhaoxingdong Village, Tang 'an Terrace, Liping Meeting Site and Diping Yufeng Bridge;

Danzhai, the hometown of bird cages in China-Kara Village, Mario Village, the hometown of golden rooster culture, Shi Qiaocun, ancient paper mill, Ning Hang batik workshop, Gaoyao terraced fields and Longquan Mountain;

Jinping-Longli Ancient City, Feishan Pavilion, Long Da Martyrs' Former Residence, Qingshan Street and Sanbanxi;

Tianzhu-Sanmentang Dongzhai, Jin Feng Mountain Temple and Shizhu Rock;

Sansui-Zhaitou Miao Village, Guidong Cave, Shengde Mountain, Yongling Mountain and Guiwu;

Jianhe-Jianhe Hot Spring, Shili Long Beach, Dong Village, Cambrian Fossil Museum, Yang Asha Scenic Area.

Majiang-Si Xia Ancient Town, Tonggu Village of Si Xia Town, Si Xia Riptide Training Base of China Canoeing Association, Qingshuijiang Provincial Scenic Area.

(Editor: Jelly)