Historical background of Qin's conquest of Xiongnu

From 32 to 34 years of Qin Shihuang (2 15 BC-2 13 BC), Qin Shihuang sent general Meng Tian to attack the Xiongnu in the north. During the Warring States Period, Huns living in the north of China had entered the slave society. It occupies the vast grassland areas in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia today. At that time, the Central Plains countries had no time to look north, and the Huns often raided the northern border areas of Qin, Zhao and Yan bordering them. After Qin Shihuang annexed six countries, Meng Tian ordered 300,000 troops to attack the Xiongnu in the north in order to relieve the Xiongnu's threat to Qin.

In thirty-two years, Qin Shihuang toured the border in the north. According to the history book Chronicle of the First Emperor, after Qin Shihuang returned to Xianyang, Lu Sheng, a local scholar of Yan State, wrote a book "Hu Ye died in Qin", and sent general Meng Tian to send 300,000 troops to the north to attack the Huns of the Conference semifinals.

In the spring of thirty-three years, the main force of Meng Tian's unification attacked its east from Shang Jun (Pizhi County, now Yulin South, Shaanxi Province). Yang Wengzi led a division from Xiaoguan (now southeast of Guyuan, Ningxia) to the Great Wall and attacked its west. Xiongnu fled after defeat. The State of Qin then seized the land in Henan (now the land in Yike, south of Inner Mongolia River and Zhao Meng). There are 44 counties along the river, and immigrants will be cultivated. Due to the continuous attack of Xiongnu, the following autumn (in October of the first year of Qin Dynasty, in the thirty-third year of the first emperor), Qin Shihuang ordered Meng Tianjun to cross the Yellow River to the north, take Gaoque (now the Jilan Pass in the middle of Langshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia), capture Yangshan Mountain (now the Langshan Mountain and Yinshan Mountain in the north of Wu Jia, Inner Mongolia) and take a vacation to the north (now the Jiashan River area south of Wu Jia). The Huns were defeated and moved north.

In thirty-four years, Qin Wei consolidated Henan Province and established Jiuyuan County (the county governs Jiuyuan, now northwest of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia). In order to prevent the Huns from going south, Meng Tian was ordered to recruit a large number of migrant workers to build the Great Wall of Wan Li from Lintao (now Min County, Gansu Province) in the west to Liaodong in the east, which played an important role in consolidating the northern border of Qin.

In 22 1 year BC, the powerful Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei were all conquered by Qin Jun in 15. The announcement of the chaotic situation of the separatist regime that lasted for hundreds of years on the land of the Central Plains.

Finally, China's first unified feudal autocratic centralized state-Qin Empire was formed. At this point, the Great Wall in the north, the south bank of the Yangtze River in the south, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in the east, and Bashu in the west all entered the territory of the Qin Empire. Qin Shihuang built a brilliant career, as he boasted: "Germany surpassed Huang San and built five emperors." However, the newly-born Qin Empire was also threatened by the Xiongnu in the north and Baiyue in Lingnan area.

Huns are one of the nomadic peoples living in the north of China. They have lived in Yinshan Mountain in the south and Lake Baikal in the north for a long time, becoming a powerful nomadic people in the north.

At the end of the Warring States period, the Huns had entered the slave society. Slave owners and nobles took advantage of the rapid action of cavalry, and often went deep into the Central Plains to harass and plunder all ethnic groups in the mainland, which were mainly agricultural. At that time, Qin, Zhao and Yan were neighboring countries of Xiongnu, and wars often occurred. Because all countries are busy with civil wars, they generally take a defensive attitude towards Xiongnu, build the Great Wall in the north and send troops to defend. After the reunification of Qin, Xiongnu still posed a great threat to Qin.

Such a populous nation is bound to pose a considerable threat to the newly established Qin Dynasty. This kind of threat is inevitable for the ambitious and high-spirited Man Qin Qin Shihuang and the entire Qin Empire. If we want to keep the empire strong and stable, we must fight against external threats.

Therefore, it was inevitable that the Qin Empire conquered the Huns.