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How to improve and control land desertification in Shule River Basin?

Land desertification is the result of the interaction between natural factors and human factors in this basin. Natural factors are the most basic factors affecting land desertification, and the intensity and rationality of human activities are the most direct factors affecting the process of land desertification. Among them, human activities such as population pressure, over-reclamation, grazing, and deforestation have a direct inducing and aggravating effect on land desertification. Combined with the actual situation of the river basin, the following prevention countermeasures are put forward:

1. Rational utilization of water resources in river basins

Once the development of population, industry and agriculture exceeds the carrying capacity of water resources, it will destroy the ecological environment. With the glacier shrinking and the snow line rising, the total water resources in the basin will decrease year by year with the climate change, and Shule River water resources will not be able to withstand the pressure of population and cultivated land, which will eventually lead to vegetation degradation and ecological environment deterioration.

According to the characteristics of repeated transformation of surface water and groundwater in Shule River basin, the water resources in the whole basin should be managed and allocated in a unified way, and the proportion of industrial and agricultural water, water used in the middle and lower reaches, water used in industrial and agricultural production and water used in ecological environment should be rationally distributed, so as to achieve the best economic benefits and create the best ecological environment.

2. Protect natural vegetation

At present, the ecological environment of Shule River Basin is very fragile. Grassland and Hongliutan, which could have survived for several years, have been destroyed due to human interference. On the other hand, due to the difficulties of some immigrants, in order to increase their income, natural vegetation will be destroyed. Therefore, we should open our minds, focus on "enlightenment", find another way, adjust the energy supply structure, and maintain the natural ecology.

3. Control population growth

Since 1950s, the population of Shule River Basin has increased rapidly. With the rapid growth of population, the corresponding demand for food, vegetables and water resources has increased. The suitable population per square kilometer in arid areas is limited, but the rapid increase of population has broken the original balance. In order to make a living, develop the economy, improve living standards, open up wasteland to dig wells, over-exploit groundwater resources, destroy the environment and so on, a series of problems have emerged. Therefore, in addition to strictly controlling the natural population growth and moderately controlling the mechanical population growth in this area in accordance with relevant national laws and policies, the impact of population growth on the ecological environment in this area will remain within the controllable range.

Therefore, in addition to strictly controlling the natural population growth and moderately controlling the mechanical population growth in this area in accordance with relevant national laws and policies, the impact of population growth on the ecological environment in this area will remain within the controllable range.

4. Accelerate the pace of environmental pollution control.

The monitoring data show that the oil river in the eastern part of the basin has been seriously polluted, with as many as 14 items exceeding the standard, accounting for 66.7% of the detection index, and 6 items exceeding the standard seriously, exceeding the national standard by 3-6 times, mainly including phenols, petroleum, copper and permanganate. In areas and regions with relatively dense population and industry, shallow groundwater has been polluted to varying degrees. TDS? There is a certain growth trend, with an average annual growth of 0.02~0.05g g? l? .

Therefore, in the process of exploitation and utilization of water and soil resources in the basin, sewage enterprises should meet the discharge standards and control the total amount of pollutants, and urban sewage should be treated centrally by building sewage treatment plants and garbage treatment plants to treat solid waste.