What are the two social contradictions in Russia at the end of 19th century?

At the end of the 19th century, the social contradictions in Russia were mainly the contradictions between peasants and ethnic groups.

1. contradiction between farmers: Russia is an agricultural country, and most of its population are farmers. In rural areas, farmers have suffered severe exploitation and oppression, and their living standards are extremely low, lacking land, food and other basic necessities. At the same time, there are also serious problems in the rural system of Russia, such as serfdom and taxation system. These problems caused widespread social dissatisfaction and resistance, and led to many peasant uprisings and riots, such as the serf liberation in 1861 and the "revolutionary storm" in 195. 2. Ethnic contradictions: Russia is a multi-ethnic country, including Russians, Ukrainians, Poles, Finns, Caucasians and many other ethnic groups. Under the rule of Russia, there are serious economic, political and cultural differences among various ethnic groups, as well as ethnic discrimination and antipathy. The Russian government has taken a series of measures to strengthen the dominant position of the Russian nation, such as carrying out the policy of Russianization and suppressing the culture and language of other nations. These policies have aroused the resentment and resistance of people of all ethnic groups, such as the Polish uprising and the Finnish independence movement. Resentment and resistance, such as the Polish uprising and the Finnish independence movement.

These contradictions aroused the people's resistance and struggle, and laid the foundation for the political and social transformation of Russia.