Tibetan Origin

The Tibetans are one of the ancient members of China’s multi-ethnic country. They are distributed in Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces and regions. They have a long history and culture. Many cultural sites from different historical stages have been discovered and excavated in Tibetan areas, including the Old and New Stone Ages and the Bronze and Stone Wells Period. In 1979, the Karuo site in Qamdo, Tibet, was excavated by archaeologists. It is a historical site dating back four to five thousand years. Many ancient cultural sites have also been discovered and excavated in Nyalam, Tingri, Shenzha, Nyingchi, Medog and other areas. . Explanation: Human beings thrived in Tibet between 7,000 and 20,000 years ago. The Neolithic and painted pottery cultural relics discovered in Qinghai, Gansu and other areas belong to the late Neolithic Age. There are 19 settlement cultural sites discovered in Aba Prefecture where ancient humans lived, some of which belong to the Neolithic Age to the Han Dynasty, some of which are cultural relics of the Tang and Song Dynasties; ancient tombs, including sarcophagus burials , brick chamber tombs, stone chamber tombs, house foundations, large stone tombs, spiritual pagodas and other forms of cultural relics. The "diaolou" buildings with "houses built of stone and more than ten feet high" recorded in ancient historical records can still be seen today

Jiarong has buildings in Jinchuan, Xiaojin, Markang, Lixian, Heishui and Heishui in the prefecture. Parts of Wenchuan, as well as Garze Prefecture, Ya'an Prefecture, Liangshan Prefecture and other places, are inhabited by Tibetans who speak the Tibetan dialect Jiarong dialect and focus on agricultural production. They are Jiarong Tibetans. The Tibetan areas call the Tibetans in this area " "Rongba" (people from rural areas). The name "Jiarong" is named after the Jiamo Morduo Holy Mountain, which means the area around the Mordo Holy Mountain.

According to Chinese historical records, in ancient times they lived and moved in the valley area in the southeast of present-day Zhoujing area, and were called "Jia Liang Yi (Jia Liang)", "Baigou Qiang", and "Ge Linren" , "Goji" and other tribes are the indigenous ancestors of this area. After integrating with Tibetan immigrants and garrisons during the Tang Dynasty, they became Tibetan. Before the liberation of the Jiarong area, local officials often said that their ancestors came from Tibet. The Wasi Tusi in Wenchuan County, the Chuosijia Tusi in Jinchuan County, and the Muping Tusi in Baoxing County in Ya'an all have their origins in Tibet. genealogical records. The ancestor of Zagu Tusi and Suomo Tusi was Xi Tanmou, the Tubo general of the Tang Dynasty.

"The Political and Religious History of Anduo" records: "Most of the races in the north and south of Duomai are the descendants of the Tibetan Dharma King (note: referring to Songtsen Gampo) who stationed himself in the Tang and Tibetan border garrison...". In the 5th and 6th centuries AD, there were very few households in the Jiarong area, and it was the period when the Cuoba leaders were separatist. In the early 7th century, Tubo Zampo Songtsan Gampo unified Tubo, and the Jiarong area was also unified with Tubo. Zampu's generals served as the leaders of Jiarong areas. The Jiarong area is called "Chako" in the book "History of Amdo Politics and Religion" and among Tibetans who speak the Amdo dialect of Tibetan. The reason is: "Historically, Tubo Zampu once sent Minister Kepan to the Jialian area to serve as A leader and military general, his official residence is to the north of Songgang. The Tubo royal family called him 'Jiamu Chavarong Kepan' or 'Chavarong Kepan' in holy edicts and official documents, referred to as 'Chaco'. He was a commander who recruited a large number of soldiers from the Zha tribe, one of the four major families in Tibet, and was in charge of the "Eight Kingdoms of Xishan" in Tubo during the Tang Dynasty.

In ancient times, he was called "Jia Liang Yi" and "White Dog". The "Qiang, Clan, and Yi" tribes such as "Qiang", "Ge Linren", and "Gorgi" are actually indigenous residents who "are scattered in the mountains and rivers". During the period of the ninth generation of Tubo Zanpu Bude Gongjia, that is, Around the time of Emperor Shun of the Eastern Han Dynasty (126 AD), Benbo religion, the primitive religion in the Tubo area, was introduced from Tubo to the state and gradually became popular. The introduction of Tubo culture and the knowledge of the ancient ancestors of the Jiarong Tibetan people The influence began in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Buddhism developed in the state as late as the Trisong Detsen period of the Tubo Dynasty in the 8th century. Due to the long-term influence of Tubo culture centered on religious culture, Buddhism (in the early stage, Benbo religion) gradually became the religion of all the people of the above-mentioned tribes. Beliefs, coupled with the large number of Tibetan immigrants and military occupation and rule, after more than a thousand years of integration, assimilation, and long-term interactions with Tibet, today's unified Jiarong Tibetan people have been formed.

The origin of Tibet

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An interesting legend is recorded in the Tibetan history book "Records of the King of Tibet":

Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva on Naputuo Mountain gave the precepts to a macaque transformed by God and ordered it to travel from the South China Sea to Practice on the snowy plateau. This macaque came to a cave in the Yalong River Valley to practice compassion and bodhicitta. While the monkey was seriously cultivating, a female demon came from the mountain. She tried all her lustful tactics and said bluntly: "Let's get together!" At first, the monkey replied: "I am the disciple of Guanshiyin Bodhisattva. I was ordered to come here to practice. If I combine with you, wouldn’t it break my precepts?” The female demon then said delicately, “If you don’t combine with me, then I will have no choice but to commit suicide.” Demon; Because I am destined to be with you, I am specifically looking for you as my lover today. If we cannot get married, I will definitely become the wife of a demon in the future, and I will kill thousands of creatures and give birth to countless demon children and grandchildren. , is a world of demons, and will destroy many living beings, so I hope you will agree to my request." After hearing this, the monkey thought to himself: "If I marry her, I have to break the precept; if I don't marry her, I will cause great sin." Thinking of this, the monkey somersaulted and went to Mount Putuo to find Guanshiyin Bodhisattva for advice on what to do. Guanshiyin thought for a while and said: This is God's will and an auspicious sign. It is a great good deed that you can combine with her and reproduce humans in this snowy land. As a Bodhisattva, you should act bravely when you see good; quickly go and marry the witch. In this way, the macaque became a partner with the witch. Later, the couple gave birth to six little monkeys. These six little monkeys have different temperaments and hobbies. The macaque incarnated by the Bodhisattva sent the six little monkeys to the orchard and let them live their lives separately.

Three years later, the monkey father went to visit his children and found that they had reproduced to 500. At this time, the fruits in the forest are becoming less and less and are about to dry up. When the little monkeys saw the old monkey coming, they all shouted: "What will we eat in the future?" They all spread their hands and looked very miserable. When the macaque saw this scene, he said to himself: I gave birth to so many descendants in compliance with the will of Guanyin Bodhisattva. Today's events have made my head hurt. I might as well ask Guanyin for instructions again. Thinking of this, he immediately Come to Putuo Mountain to ask for instructions from the saint. The Bodhisattva said: "I have enough to raise your descendants." So the macaque obeyed the order and took the natural grain seeds from Mount Sumeru. After spreading the seeds to the earth, which without cultivation became covered with various grain basins, the father monkey bid farewell to the other little monkeys and returned to the cave. Because the monkeys got enough food, their tails gradually became shorter, they began to speak, and gradually turned into humans. These were the ancestors of the snowy land.

Note: The story of a macaque transforming into a human is widely spread among Tibetan people, recorded in ancient scriptures, and even featured on the murals of the Potala Palace and Norbulingka. According to folklore, the cave where the macaques lived is on Kampot Mountain near Tsetang, and "Tsetang" is also named after it is the "place where monkeys play".