What is Zhou Tingchong's occupation?

Zhou Tingchong (1965438+March 6, 2007-199665438+20061October 20), born in Deng Xin county, Zhejiang province, is a biochemical pharmacologist, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and a researcher of PLA Academy of Military Medical Sciences.

194 1 year, after graduating from the medical department of Shanghai Medical College, Zhou Tingchong entered the pharmacology room of the Central Health Laboratory. 1945 went to Beriau College, Oxford University, UK for further study; 1947 received a doctorate in pharmacology from Oxford University; 65438-0948, went to the enzyme chemistry laboratory of Cornell University for postdoctoral research. 1950 returned to China with his wife, Huang Cuifen, and worked in Shandong Medical College as the director of the research office and the deputy director of East China Institute of Physiology. 1953 to Academy of Military Medical Sciences; 1958 to 1969 served as deputy director of the institute of pharmacology and toxicology and director of the biochemical pharmacology office; 1970 to 1977, deputy director of the fourth research institute of the 13th Academy of National Defense Science and Technology; 1978 returned to the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences; 1979 was appointed as the first director of the Institute of Basic Medicine. 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences; 1996 10 died in Beijing on 10, at the age of 79.

Zhou Tingchong engaged in the molecular biology research of bioactive factors, and expounded the aging mechanism of soman phosphorylase for the first time, which proved that the essence of soman phosphorylase aging was dealkylation of Tehexyloxy groups on toxic residues, thus pointing out the direction for drug design in poison prevention and control.

Chinese name: Zhou Tingchong.

Mbth: Zhou Dechang

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of Birth: Deng Xin County, Zhejiang Province

Date of birth:1965438+March 6, 2007

Date of death:199665438+1October 20th.

Occupation: educational and scientific research worker

Graduates: Shanghai Medical College, Oxford University, UK.

Main achievements: 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

Representative Works: Receptor Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Research and Development in China.

Gender: male

Education: Doctor.

The life of the character

1965438+On March 6, 2007, Zhou Tingchong was born in Deng Xin County, Zhejiang Province (now Zhou Jia, Guantang Village, Dengxin Town, Fuyang District, Hangzhou).

From 65438 to 0930, Zhou Tingchong entered Jiaxing Xiuzhou Middle School.

From 65438 to 0935, Zhou Tingchong entered the Department of Medicine of Shanghai Medical College (now Shanghai Medical University), which was closely related to a group of progressive students in the school and the underground organization of the China * * production party of Shanghai Medical College.

1July, 940, in the last year of university, Zhou Tingchong worked as an intern in the affiliated hospital of China Red Cross Rescue Corps. During this period, he took Ji (secretary of the underground party branch) as the monitor, participated in the China Red Cross rescue team, and went to the front to engage in medical rescue work.

1942, Zhou Tingchong worked in the Pharmacology Room of Chongqing Geleshan Center Health Laboratory, engaged in pharmacological research of traditional Chinese medicine under the guidance of Professor Zhang Changshao, and completed the "salt safety" test for the Eighth Route Army Office (Gundam 1944).

From April 65438 to April 0945, Zhou Tingchong went to Belio College, Oxford University, England for further study. Under the guidance of professors J.H.Bum and OE.Bulbring, he conducted research on efferent nervous system drugs.

65438-0947, Zhou Tingchong received a doctorate in pharmacology from Oxford University.

From 65438 to 0948, Zhou Tingchong went to Cornell University for postdoctoral research, and engaged in enzymology research in the laboratory of biochemist and coenzyme A discoverer Professor Fritz Albert Lipmann (winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine from 65438 to 0953). In Chicago, he joined the "China Association of Natural Science Workers", a peripheral organization of China's * * * production party.

From 65438 to 0949, Zhou Tingchong was engaged in biochemical research in the biochemical laboratory of Massachusetts Hospital.

From 65438 to 0950, Zhou Tingchong and his wife, Huang Cuifen, gave up their generous treatment in the United States, refused to retain their tutors, relatives and friends, refused the high-paying employment of Singaporeans, and decided to return to China to contribute to the construction of the motherland. Before returning home, Zhou Tingchong refused to be a professor at Union Medical College and went to work in bethune medical school. This incident caught the attention of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation, and its return to China was obstructed and made difficult by the US Immigration Service. He turned to his tutor lippman for help. With the help of Professor Lippmann, he and his wife bought tickets for a cargo ship from San Francisco to Tianjin, risking being searched by the immigration bureau. It took him 56 days to cross the ocean and return to his motherland. Immediately after returning to China, he went to work in bethune medical school, Shandong Province, set up a pharmacology teaching and research section, and wrote lectures on pharmacology.

From 65438 to 0953, Zhou Tingchong was transferred to the newly established Academy of Military Medical Sciences of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and established the Department of Pharmacology to lead the research on schistosomiasis control.

From 65438 to 0956, Zhou Tingchong visited the Soviet Union as a member of China's military medical delegation. After the Academy of Military Medical Sciences moved to Beijing, the Department of Pharmacology, the Department of Pharmacy and the Department of Chemistry merged and expanded, and the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (also known as the Institute of Poisons and Drugs) was established. He has served as the leader of the second largest group (equivalent to the research room).

From 65438 to 0958, Zhou Tingchong successively served as deputy director of the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and director of the Biochemical Pharmacology Department (from 65438 to 0969).

1970 February, Zhou Tingchong was transferred to four institutes of the 13th Academy of National Defense Science and Technology (by June, 1977, 1).

From 65438 to 0978, after the "Cultural Revolution", Zhou Tingchong returned to the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, and served as the director of the Institute of Basic Medicine of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the director of the Biochemical Pharmacology Research Office, continuing the long-interrupted scientific research work.

65438-0979, Zhou Tingchong was appointed as the first director of the Institute of Basic Medicine.

1980, Zhou Tingchong was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

From 65438 to 0984, Zhou Tingchong was a researcher at PLA Academy of Military Medical Sciences.

1996101On October 20th, Zhou Tingchong died at the age of 79.

Major achievements

achievements in scientific research

During the period of 1945, researchers from the Pharmacology Laboratory of Oxford University randomly supplied pure oxygen or mixed gas of 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide to the phrenic nerve specimen bath of rats. Zhou Tingchong got an impression in the experiment, and they had different influences on the experimental results. After several experiments, it was found that when pure oxygen was used, the pH value in the sample bath was about 8.8, while that in the mixed gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide was 7.6. The latter can really enhance the effect of curare.

From March, 65438 to March, 0949, Zhou Tingchong entered Professor Lippmann's laboratory to study the donor enzyme and receptor enzyme related to coenzyme A, and isolated acetylthiokinase. It was proved that the donor enzyme system of bacteria (acetyl activating enzyme, coenzyme A and acetyl phosphate) could replace the donor enzyme system of adenosine triphosphate-coenzyme a- acetic acid-acetylthiokinase, and hybridized with the donor enzyme system of pigeon liver to complete the acetylation reaction of aromatic amines. Sudak first discovered the acetylation of glucosamine. He expounded the two-step enzymatic reaction of acetyl activation, that is, under the catalysis of donor enzyme system, the donor acetyl group was transferred to coenzyme A to generate acetyl coenzyme A, and then under the catalysis of receptor enzyme system, the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A was transferred to receptor, thus completing the acetyl ratio reaction. The success of hybridization experiment shows that the activation and utilization of acetic acid are completed by two independent enzyme systems. The enzyme system of activation reaction in bacteria can be coupled with the enzyme system using acetyl coenzyme A in animals. Acetyl carrier reaction system is ubiquitous in biology.

In the early 1960s, Zhou Tingchong seized the topic of the aging mechanism of soman phosphoramidase, consulted the aging research literature of diisopropyl fluorophosphate and sarin, organized personnel to purify the enzyme, and used isotope tracing technology to study the aging mechanism of soman phosphoramidated acetylcholinesterase. Experiments show that the essence of soman phosphorylase aging is the dealkylation of alkoxy groups on toxic residues, but soman phosphorylase can not be reactivated because the aging reaction is too fast and this reaction is catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase itself The theoretical significance of this conclusion lies in clarifying the molecular basis of somandronate acetylcholinesterase aging. The practical significance of this achievement lies in pointing out that for soman phosphorylase, the research on reactivating agent will be futile, and the research and application of soman poisoning prevention and treatment will be solved from other links in the poisoning process, thus pointing out the direction for drug design.

Zhou Tingchong's team also found that when soman and other organophosphorus poisons caused poisoning at more than a lethal dose, there would be free poisons in the tissues. In the presence of cholinesterase, the hydrolysis products of organophosphorus poisons such as soman can be catalyzed by G-type poison hydrolase to synthesize poisons again.

Zhou Tingchong's experimental team also found the aging phenomenon of diaphragm function in vitro caused by organophosphorus poisoning. It was observed that the aging law of diaphragm function was completely consistent with the change of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase in the poisoning of fluoromethyl phosphate homologues, but they were very different in the poisoning of tert-hexyl methyl phosphate analogues. Except soman, other membranes poisoned by tert-hexyl methylphosphate are easily reactivated.

In addition, the regularity between soman and its analogues and the aging of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase, the decrease of adenosine triphosphate mediated by cholinergic system in earthworm back muscles during soman poisoning, and the discovery of hydrophobic groups in the active center of acetylcholinesterase in torpedo electrical appliances were also expounded.

At the end of 1950s, Zhou Tingchong assumed that the purified and concentrated G-type toxic hydrolase might be used as an antidote for G-type nerve agents to prevent or treat poisoning, so he organized everyone to partially purify this enzyme and make biological products. As expected, the experimental results have proved that animals such as rabbits, guinea pigs, cats and monkeys can resist soman poisoning with a lethal dose of 1 when the injection dose is sufficient, and the animals survive well without any symptoms.

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Zhou Tingchong led the research on the harm and prevention of erosive poison. They observed the poisoning laws of different animals, treated the animals poisoned by different exposure methods, screened the toxicology of sulfur mustard and its antidote, studied the pharmacology and clinical efficacy of the antidote, evaluated more than 300 prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine and 100 prescriptions of western medicine, and finally put forward a plan to treat the lethal dose of sulfur mustard poisoning.

1944, when the animal model of amebic dysentery was established in Zhou Tingchong, the patient's feces were inoculated into the rectum of puppies, but the puppies defecated for less than 5 minutes, and the dysentery protozoa could not settle down, and the experiment failed. After that, he thought about whether morphine could be used to delay the defecation of the puppy. The experiment proved that morphine was injected first, and the defecation time was prolonged. After one week, the puppy had bloody stool and was positive under microscope, and the experimental animal model of amebic dysentery was successfully established.

As of 1996, 10, Zhou Tingchong * * * has published 27 papers 10, edited more than 10 academic works, and participated in the compilation of academic works10.

publish a book

Journal paper

The life of Zhou Tingchong louis pasteur. Biochemistry (newsletter of China Biochemistry Society), 1982(4):5- 10.

Zhou Tingchong. Progress and prospect of receptor pharmacology. Advances in physiological science,1984 (2): 7-11.

Zhou Tingchong. Polymorphism of active protein components in G-type information transduction pathway. Life Science, 1990 (2): 13- 15.

Zhou Tingchong. Biochemical toxicology study--biochemical mechanism of interaction between soman and acetylcholinesterase. Advances in Physiological Science, 1992(3).

Zhou Tingchong. Letter about the golden age of biochemistry. Life Science, 1992(3):45-46.

Xue Yanning, Wang Huixin and Zhou Tingchong. Cell cycle research-21the frontier subject of century biology. Life Science, 1992 (5): 12- 14.

Zhou Tingchong. Some views on programmed cell death. World scientific research and development, 1996(3):75-82.

1979 and 1984, Zhou Tingchong visited France, Belgium and Japan successively, and participated in Lippmann's academic seminar twice. 198 1 went to the United States to attend the 20th meeting of American Toxicology Society and the seminar on prevention and treatment of organophosphorus poisoning, and made a short-term investigation in the United States.

personnel training

Zhou Tingchong often encourages himself and others with the words of the French scientist Pasteur on 1892' s seventieth birthday: "No matter what you do, don't be shaken by criticism and boring doubts, and don't let yourself be suppressed by the temporary worries experienced by the country. When living in the quiet of laboratories and libraries, first ask yourself what you have done for your study. When you grow up, ask yourself, what have you done for your motherland? Until one day, you can feel great happiness because you have contributed to the progress and happiness of mankind. "

Zhou Tingchong is strict with graduate students and adheres to the principle of "letting go of inspiration" to encourage them to use their brains and think hard. He often said that learning means learning and asking questions, and emphasized the practical ability of graduate students themselves.

1953, Zhou Tingchong and Soviet expert Lin Kai * * * established a toxicology laboratory, and held the first "training course on chemical defense toxicology" of the China People's Liberation Army, which trained the first batch of military chemical defense toxicology professionals for the army.

1970- 1977, Zhou Tingchong teaches English and pharmacology classes in four institutes of the 13th Institute of National Defense Science and Technology.

Up to 1996 and 10, Zhou Tingchong has brought out 6 graduate students, 4 doctoral students, 4 doctoral students and 2 postdoctoral students.

Honor recognition

1980, Zhou Tingchong was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

During the period of 1987, Zhou Tingchong made remarkable third-class achievements in training graduate students. 1989, Zhou Tingchong won the second class.

social service

Zhou Tingchong has successively served as a member of the evaluation team of the State Council Academic Degree Committee, chairman of the Academic Committee of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, deputy director of the Medical Science and Technology Committee of the General Logistics Department, director of the Academic Committee of the National Open Laboratory of Biofilm and Membrane Engineering, member of the Academic Committee of the National Open Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Jilin University, vice chairman of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Society, executive director of the Chinese Pharmacology Society, chairman of the Biochemical Pharmacology Professional Committee of the Chinese Pharmacology Society, director of the China Biochemical Society, and member of the Academic Committee of the Shanghai Pharmaceutical Research Institute of China Academy of Sciences.

Personal life

Zhou Tingchong's father, Zhou Wenqing, is a businessman, and all four brothers in the family are successful in their studies. Zhou Tingchong is the second child in the family, and his eldest brother Zhou graduated from Nankai University. The third son, Zhou Tingbing, graduated from the former Central Police Academy and later served as an instructor at Huangpu Military Academy Shanghai Branch. Sizizhou, People's Republic of China (PRC), a senior engineer enjoying special allowance from the State Council, specializes in geological exploration in southwest China.

Zhou Tingchong's wife, Huang Cuifen, is an academician of China Academy of Engineering and one of the founders of genetic engineering in China. They met and fell in love while working in Chongqing Central Health Laboratory. They are also the first academician couple of China People's Liberation Army.

During 1984, Zhou Tingchong had a heart attack. For health reasons, he no longer served as director, but devoted himself to scientific research.

Personality assessment

"For Zhou Tingchong, you helped me identify the maze of intermediate metabolism." (Lippmann wrote on the first page of the article "Longevity in the Rising Age")

Professor Zhou Yanchong is a patriot who sincerely serves the country. He is an outstanding scientist with firm belief in * * * productism, tenacious perseverance in hard struggle, innovative spirit of bravely climbing the peak of science, rigorous and realistic learning attitude, noble character of tireless teaching and educating people, sincere and enthusiastic work style and noble quality of dedication to science. (Shandong University Review)