(13 points) Read the following materials: Material 1: Columbus discovered America and the following Portuguese, British, French, etc., through the exploration of the new land

(1) Influence: America began to become a European colony; promoted the development of capitalism in Western Europe; promoted the exchange and spread of civilization; enabled the world market to take shape; Promoted mankind's transformation to industrial civilization. (Each small point is worth 1 point, and the total score shall not exceed 4 points)

(2) Phenomenon: The development of transportation and communications has made the world economy more closely connected. (2 points) Reason: Promoted by two industrial revolutions. (2 points)

(3) Trend: Economic globalization (2 points). Benefits: It is conducive to deepening economic system reform, industrial upgrading and economic structural adjustment, conducive to expanding employment and improving people's living standards, conducive to leveraging comparative advantages, expanding exports and utilizing foreign capital, conducive to the implementation of the "going out" strategy, and more Participating more in international competition and cooperation is conducive to participating in the formulation of international economic and trade rules. (Each small point is worth 1 point, and the total score shall not exceed 4 points)

This question focuses on the theme of economic globalization. Question (1) requires that according to the material, “Without the large amounts of gold, silver and material wealth contributed by the Americas, and without the free immigration and colonization areas in North America, the development of Western capitalism would have been much slower, and Britain would not have been able to become the country that launched the Industrial Revolution… The great convergence of different cultural circles in the eastern and western hemispheres has accelerated the transformation process of mankind from traditional agricultural civilization to modern industrial civilization. "To answer information, just extract effective information from the materials and analyze and summarize the information; question (2). It can be seen from the data in the material that transportation has been greatly developed, exchanges have been greatly facilitated, and the economic ties between states have been enhanced. The reason is the development of transportation and communication tools brought about by the two industrial revolutions. (3) The global participation in the production of an extension reflects the trend of globalization. Globalization should be analyzed from both positive and negative aspects. At the same time, China's corresponding attitudes and measures in globalization should be pointed out.