When did the development of Jiangnan begin?

The development of the Jiangnan area began during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were constant ethnic disputes and frequent regime changes. The successive "Eight Kings Rebellion" and "Yongjia Rebellion" directly led to the "Yongjia South Crossing" immigration that lasted for more than a century. Climax, over a million in size.

A large number of northern people entered the Jiangnan region, which promoted the development of agricultural economy and technology in the Jiangnan region. The rise of handicrafts and commerce drove the development of emerging cities, which essentially contributed to the formation of the Jiangnan Economic Zone, which was established after the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The southward shift of China's economic center of gravity has laid a solid foundation.

The southward migration of the population during the Six Dynasties directly promoted the vigorous development of agricultural technology and economy in Jiangnan, and thus entered a stage of large-scale development in Jiangnan. Agricultural development

The more than one million people who migrated south have endured hardships and traveled long distances to successfully move to the south of the Yangtze River, with a relatively high proportion of young and middle-aged people. These immigrant populations not only provided local labor force, but also brought advanced production technology from the north. As a result, the economy of Omi in southern Anhui developed rapidly.

With the expansion of land reclamation area, the original farming method of fire farming and water farming in the Jiangnan area was gradually eliminated, replaced by the advanced farming technology of the north and the widespread use of manure for fertilization. By the time of the Southern Dynasties, Kuaiji County had become the granary of the world and one of the few richest places in the world.

A large number of northern people who migrated south brought with them advanced agricultural production technologies and methods in the Central Plains. For example, the "district field method" was introduced to the Sanwu area in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the wheat favored by northerners was also introduced in the south. Large-scale planting began, and the governments of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Liu and Song Dynasties of the Southern Dynasty ordered the promotion of wheat cultivation in the name of the government. Wheat gradually became the main crop of the southern people after rice. And in some areas, the earliest double-cropping farming system of rice and wheat appeared.

Not only northern dryland crop varieties were introduced to the south, but also northern medicinal materials and fruit tree varieties such as jujubes, pears, apricots, nael, and walnuts were also introduced to the south.

Iron tools and cattle farming were advanced production tools in ancient China. They were further popularized in the Lingnan area during the Six Dynasties, which greatly improved the level of agricultural productivity in Lingnan and effectively promoted the development of Lingnan agriculture. Commercial development

The large number of Han people migrating southward has added a lot of labor force and brought more advanced production technology to the Jiangnan area, which will undoubtedly accelerate the development of Jiangnan.

At the same time, the Jiangnan area was relatively stable, and dynasties such as the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Liu Song Dynasty also took some measures that were conducive to the development of production. This made it possible for the Han people who migrated south to interact with the indigenous people and ethnic minorities such as Shanyue, Man, Li, and Liao. Together, we will utilize the unique natural resources to promote the socio-economic and cultural development of the South.

Not only agricultural production has improved, but also textile, mining and metallurgy, shipbuilding, salt making, porcelain making, tea making, lacquerware and other handicraft industries have developed significantly. The increase in labor products promoted the development of the commodity economy, and commercial trade was very active.

This was first reflected in the rise of commercial cities. During the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, large commercial cities were basically distributed in the north, such as Chang'an, Luoyang, Handan, Linzi, Yecheng, etc. In the Jiangnan region, only Wucheng (Suzhou) could be ranked alongside the famous commercial cities in the north. By the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Jingkou , Wuchang, Jiankang, etc. rapidly emerged and became the four major commercial cities in Jiangnan.

The largest commercial city in the Six Dynasties was Jiankang, the capital. The largest commercial city outside Jiankang is Jiangling in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It has close commercial exchanges with Chengdu. The famous Sichuan horses and Shu brocade are all transported to various places in the south of the Yangtze River through this place.

In addition, Jingkou, Guangling, Wujun, Kuaiji, and Yuhang in the delta areas of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Qiantang River, Shouchun and Xiangyang in the north, and Guangzhou in the south are also important commercial cities, and Guangzhou is even more important. center of maritime trade.