What is the history of Huguang filling Sichuan?

Huguang filling Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration that took place in the Qing Dynasty. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Sichuan experienced wars and its population dropped sharply. Therefore, a series of measures have been taken from the central government to the local governments to attract immigrants, among which Huguangxing Province has the largest population.

Historical background:

(1) Sichuan immigrants: In the seventh year of Kangxi, Dedi Zhang, the governor of Sichuan, played Emperor Kangxi with great anxiety, showing a strong sense of hardship. There seems to be no other way to revive the reputation of Sichuan Tianfu except to attract immigrants to reclaim land and rebuild their homes. "

Governor Zhang also mentioned some immigration methods in his memorial. Emperor Kangxi received memorials from local officials in Sichuan, called relevant departments to listen to relevant reports, officially issued an imperial edict entitled "Recruiting People to Fill Sichuan in the Thirty-third Year of Kangxi", and ordered large-scale immigration from Hunan, Hubei and Guangdong to Sichuan.

(2) Immigration measures: After reunification, the Qing government implemented a series of "filling Sichuan" policies; Mainly to encourage immigrants from other provinces to enter Sichuan for reclamation. If it is stipulated that anyone who wishes to enter Sichuan will be given an acre of land as a permanent career.

Poor people in all provinces who bring their wives to Sichuan can be naturalized. The preferential policies for recruiting people in Sichuan are closely related to the promotion of political achievements of officials at all levels and the encouragement of reclamation and recruitment. Implement additional preferential tax policies.

Kangxi issued a letter to the mu of land reclaimed by immigrants, which stipulated that taxes would not be levied until five years later. And breeding populations will never be given.

(3) Immigrants from southern Shaanxi: Southern Shaanxi includes Hanzhong, Ankang and Shangluo in Shaanxi Province.

Extended data:

Form of entering Sichuan:

The first is the purpose of serving Sichuan. At that time, when the imperial court issued the imperial edict "Biography of Chu Shimin", the grass-roots implementation departments used the method of binding villages by force, so the origin of immigrants was not only the same as place names, but also small place names.

The second is to survive and deposit in Shu. For example, the famous writer Ai Wu's ancestral home is Xiaogan Township, Macheng, and he lives by farming. However, due to the loss of land, in the middle of Kangxi, under the background of "Huguang filling Sichuan", he finally chose to dig ditches on the plain at the junction of Xinfan County and Pengxian County in Chengdu.

The third is to do business in Shu. In the early Qing Dynasty, the trade between Hubei and neighboring Sichuan was very convenient, and some of them settled in nearby Sichuan.

Causes: Song-Jin War, Peasant Uprising, Early Qing War, Plague Disaster.

Impact:

Positive impact: More than 300 years ago, "Huguang filling Sichuan" brought different regional cultures and lifestyles to Sichuan and injected fresh blood into Sichuan. Even Sichuan's unparalleled appeal and assimilation come from the rich immigrant culture, and these immigrants from other provinces have become the ancestors of most Sichuanese.

Negative effects: resource destruction, species disappearance and frequent droughts.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Huguang fills Sichuan