Which country first appeared football?

Ancient cuju football is an ancient sports activity with a long history. It originated from Cuju, an ancient ball game in China, and later spread to Europe through Arabs, and developed into modern football. Therefore, the hometown of football is China. It is said that before the Middle Ages, the Greeks and Romans had already started playing football. On a rectangular court, they put the ball on the white line in the middle and kicked it to the other court with their feet. At that time, they called this game "Baja Storm". Modern football originated in England. It originated from a war between them and Denmark in the12nd century. After the war, the British saw the head of a Danish soldier on the ground. Because Britain hated Danish soldiers very much, it kicked them in the head. By the beginning of19th century, football was quite popular in some countries in Europe and Latin America at that time, especially in capitalist Britain. It was not until 1848 that the first written rule of football, Cambridge Rules, was born. The so-called "Cambridge Rules" are some rules formulated by three universities in London, Oxford and Cambridge in the early 9th century. At that time, each team had 1 1 people. At that time, there were ten students and a teacher living in each dormitory in the school, so a dormitory-to-dormitory game was played, with each side having 1 1 person. At that time, the current 1 1 football match began. 1863101On October 26th, the British Football Association held a very important meeting in the history of modern English football. The return of the competition was drafted, but some terms are far from today's rules. For example, there was a rule at that time: when the ball entered the space between goalposts or crossed the space above, no matter how high it was, as long as it was not thrown, hit or transported by hand, it was considered as winning. At that time, the position and formation of players were also different from today's: each team had a goalkeeper, a defender, an avant-garde and eight forwards. Soon after the rules were made, the formation changed: one goalkeeper, two defenders, three avant-garde and five forwards. So there are eleven players in the last game. However, many data show that the appearance of ancient football in China is earlier than that in Europe, with a longer history. In ancient China, football was called Cuju or Tuju, both of which meant kicking, and Juju was the name of the ball. The word "Cuju" first appeared in Historical Records, Bielu by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty and Biography of Meicheng by Yan Shizeng in Tang Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, "Cuju" was very popular and became an elegant activity in the court. 1958 in July, Dr. Havelange, former president of FIFA, came to China and said that football originated in China. Of course, due to the limitation of feudal society, the ancient cuju activity in China did not develop into a modern football sport based on the principle of "fair competition". This qualitative leap took place in capitalist Britain.

Cuju in Han dynasty

The Han and Tang Dynasties was the most prosperous period for the development of ancient football in China, and it developed into a direct confrontation game. In the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907), the ball used in Cuju was changed from being filled with hair to being blown with the mouth, and two goals were used instead of the "bow room". In the Song Dynasty (AD 960-1279), Cuju had developed double-goal and single-goal competitions, and a club organization named Yun Qi Club or Round Club appeared. The balls used were blown by people with their mouths and inflated with a pump, which was more and more close to modern football. Cuju was a means of training soldiers in Han Dynasty, and a relatively complete system was established. If the palace is specially set up, it is defined as a rectangle in the east-west direction, with six symmetrical "bow areas" at each end, also known as "bow rooms", each guarded by one person. There is a fence around the construction site. The game is divided into two teams, each with its own offense and defense, and the outcome is determined by the number of kicks into the opponent's bow room. After the initial popularity in the Han Dynasty, cuju activities reached a climax in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and even the kicking method according to the position on the field appeared. Cuju has taken many forms in the Tang Dynasty, such as "bowing" based on the number of times of heading the ball, "beating in vain" in the center of the court, "jumping the bow" in which many people participate in fighting, and the game of setting up the goal. In this way, each team has a certain number of people and a fixed position, and it is stipulated that players can only play in their own positions and cannot move. At the beginning of 2004, FIFA confirmed that football originated in China, and cuju was the earliest recorded football activity. The Warring States Policy and Historical Records are the earliest records of Cuju. The former describes the popular cuju activity in Linzi, the capital of Qi State (now Linzi, Shandong Province) more than 2,300 years ago, while the latter records that cuju was the best way to train soldiers and assess soldiers' physique at that time ("it is impossible to stumble, so you can also practice samurai, so you have knowledge and materials").

Introduction of Cuju before Song Dynasty

The word "Cuju" first appeared in Historical Records and Biography of Su Qin. When Su Qin lobbied Qi Xuanwang, he described Linzi as follows: "Linzi is very rich and practical, and his people are all players who play the pole, drum and bow." "Kick" means "kick", which means kick. "Bow and ball are ancient football. There are records about Cuju in Xijing Miscellany, Salt and Iron Theory, Cuju New Book and Liuxiang Bielu in Han Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the custom of cuju was still prevalent. In the Tang Dynasty, cuju was still a very common sport. Du Fu said in a poem: "Ten years' bird's eye view of the bow will make you far away, and so will Wan Li's swing. However, it has made great progress. There are three main points: (1) There is an inflatable ball: "The fact garden of the Song Dynasty" contains: "Yan Shigu notes that Huo Qubing is kicking a chrysanthemum cloud in the bud field:' The bow is made of leather, but it is really hairy, and it is also a play. "Yan said that the bow is like this, and the late Tang Dynasty is different." Xu Jian's Beginners: "Today Cuju said to play ball. It was made of wool fiber in ancient times, but now it is made of skin, which is realized by cells. " (2) Set a goal: "General Examination of Literature" "Cuqiu Gai began in the Tang Dynasty, planting two bamboo trees several feet high, netting them, and measuring the ball as the door; The goal is about two points, and the victory or defeat depends on the corner kick. Isn't it another time? " (3) Various kicking methods: double goal kicking method: recorded in Zhong Wuyan's Balloon Fu in the Tang Dynasty. Kicking with one ball: You can see it in Cuju Atlas. Kicking without a goal: one or several people kick alone, which is called bowing; They both kicked in vain; Three or more people play together to call the field households, such as three-person field households and four-person field households.

The first recorded fan

Xiang Chu was the first recorded model in the Western Han Dynasty, but his experience was unfortunate. According to Records of the Historian Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong, the famous doctor Chunyu Kun treated Xiang Chu and told him not to be overworked, but Xiang Chu didn't listen and went out to play football. As a result, Xiang Chu vomited blood and died, which also made Xiang Chu the first fanatical "fan" in the world.

The first starting list in history

The Old Story of Wulin in the Southern Song Dynasty once listed the names and positions of the two teams in the "Thirty-two-player Ball Building" competition: "Sixteen people in Zuo Jun: Zhang Jun, Wang Lian, Zhu Xuan, Shi Ze, Ding Quan, Zhang Lin and Chun Hu. ; Sixteen members of the right army: Li Zheng, Zhu Zhen, Zhu Xuan, Zhang Ning, Bin Xu, Wang Yong and Jun Chen. This is probably the first football "starting list" in history.

The history of football

In 307 BC, that is, during the Warring States period, King Wuling of Zhao reformed and practiced "riding and shooting", and Zhao people learned to ride horses and shoot arrows. Wang Zhao often rides out of town with his cronies, which is very spectacular. One day, when I came to a forest, I saw some rabbits in the forest. As soon as the king opened his mouth, he "captured him alive", so the soldiers divided into four ways and caught him together. I don't want to be scared. Rabbits ran around and escaped from the flat seam of the horse, but found nothing. Everyone shook their heads and sighed. A counselor suddenly brightened up and came forward to offer advice: "Your Majesty, this kind of containment is very interesting. We might as well use the ball instead of the rabbit and play every day without leaving the palace. " "Good idea" Wang Dajia praised "this matter is in your charge". Thus, football was born in China. But I was still riding a horse, called Cuju. In the Han Dynasty, there was a football field dedicated to competitions, which was called "Cheng Ju". Cheng Ju is rectangular, with six megalithic chambers at each end, which are in the shape of a moon cave and symmetrical to each other, and there are walls around the venue. The Tang Dynasty was a prosperous period of Cuju activities. During this period, not only has there been great development, but football has also begun to be exported to the outside world. The first place to land is Britain. Cuju was originally exported as a complete product, but because the traffic was underdeveloped and the means of transportation was very backward at that time, after several months of long journey, when Cuju arrived in England, the horse was exhausted and only one ball was left. However, it is such a dance that Britain still regards it as a treasure, but it is only an exclusive activity of the royal family, and people are forbidden to enjoy this kind of entertainment. 1 1 century, the Danes invaded England. One day, when the British were digging a battlefield, they accidentally dug up the skulls of several Danes. The British people were furious at the thought of the crime of Danish invasion. They lifted their feet and kicked their skulls hard to relieve their anger, and they felt quite happy playing football. As a result, more and more British people who dug the battlefield took part in the "ball" kick, and a group of children kicked it when they saw it. However, they found that the skull hurts when they kick, so they switched to cow bladder blowing-this is the birth of modern football. This patriotic act touched the king of England. In order to reward the people, the king of England ordered the royal football to be opened to the people. Soon, football spread among the people and became a popular sports and entertainment activity. /kloc-At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a football match in England. Competition is an entertainment activity, twice a year, usually held between two cities. The host threw the ball into the air and the game began. The two sides will jump together, shouting, kicking and hugging. Whoever can kick the ball to the downtown area of the other side is the winner. If the ball rushes into a resident's house halfway, the players will rush in and disturb the kicking method, often smashing things in the house, and the owner has to sigh for his bad luck. Pedestrians on the road will encounter unexpected trouble when they touch the ball. So, at that time, when the game came, people had to avoid disasters and close their doors until the game was over. Such a football match was strongly opposed by the public, and the British government issued a ban: it was stipulated that football matches must be played in open spaces, and those who entered downtown areas would be severely punished, so special football fields appeared. 1863,101October 26th, the English Football Association, the first football organization in the world, was established in London with unified rules, and modern football was formally established. In ancient China, kicking the ball with feet was called "Cuju". As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago, there was the Cuju movement. In the Western Han Dynasty, Cheng Ju was built for competitions. The Tang Dynasty was the prosperous period of Cuju activities. The ball filled with air replaced the ball filled with hair in the past, which was called "air blanket", and the goal replaced the bow room. In the west, after 10 century, some countries, such as France, Italy and Britain, had football matches. By the end of 15, it was called "football", and then it gradually developed into a modern football sport. 1863, 10/0 On October 26th, the British established the first football organization in the world, the British Football Association, and unified the rules of football. People call this day the birth day of modern football. The football rules formulated this time are *** 14, which is the basis of today's football rules. Since 1900 2nd Olympic Games, football has been listed as an official Olympic event, but professional athletes are not allowed to participate. 1904 on may 2 1 day, FIFA was established in Paris. Since 1930, the World Football Championship (also known as the World Cup) has been held every four years, and the restrictions on professional athletes have been lifted. Since then, modern football has developed day by day. In medieval England, football became a keen activity for many young people. They run after the ball in the narrow street and often kick the ball to the windows of people in the street. So the king of England had to ban playing football. From12nd century to16th century, the king of England issued a "football ban" four times. However, due to the special charm of football, the ban failed to make it die. 1835, the world's first football club was established in Sheffield, England. 1863, the first football association in England was established. Since then, organized football under certain rules has spread from Britain to Europe and the world. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, football was quite popular in western European countries. 1896 In the first Olympic Games, football was listed as one of the events. As a result, Denmark beat Greece 9-0 and became the first champion in the Olympic football match. 1904, the football associations of Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland established the International Football Federation in France, and in 20 10, Ge Lan was elected as the first FIFA World Cup President.

The birth of modern football 1893 The time for spectators to watch the game was from the 8th century to19th century. The predecessor of modern football exists in Europe in various ways. Until 1863, Britain established the first formal football rules, which also marked the birth of modern football. A boy's impulse19th century, football was restored and widely developed in some colleges in Britain. At that time, there were no uniform rules for football matches. The competition will be held in a rectangular venue, and the time and number of participants will be temporarily agreed by both parties. When the ball kicked into the opponent's goal, it scored. During this period, Cambridge University, Hatton College and New Clifton University all had their own ways of playing, and no one thought of unifying the rules of football. At that time, the most unlucky people were the "notarized mediators" who were the predecessors of the referee and were responsible for recording the number of goals and mediating disputes and disputes. However, due to the lack of uniform rules, these mediators are always difficult to convince the public and are often chased and intercepted by dozens of people in the audience. A boy's impulse changed everything. 1823165438+1October 2 1 day, in a game, a boy named William Webb Eszli, aged 15, suddenly picked up the ball with his hand and rushed to the opponent's court to launch an attack. This action later triggered a big debate about football rules, and people realized that it was necessary to formulate unified football rules. In the debate, the party who agreed to use both hands and feet gradually developed the game into today's rugby, while the party who insisted on using only feet began to explore and establish modern football rules. Modern football, the first sport in the world, was born in pubs. London queen street Club Tavern is the birthplace of modern football, and a landmark meeting in the history of football was held here. Before 1848, Cambridge University tried to create a rule about football matches. Although it has not been recognized by the public, it has become common sense to unify rules. 1863101October 26th, representatives from1kloc-0/London Club and College held a meeting in the pub of * * * Club to formulate rules and establish an authoritative football organization, which is also recognized as the birthday of modern football. At the meeting, the debate about the rules was fierce. A few people, represented by Gamber, insisted on using both hands and feet, and the final voting result was 13 to 4. The landmark rule that hands are not allowed in modern football has been passed. To this end, Gambo and others left angrily and later established the Rugby Federation 187 1. * * * Club Tavern also established the English Football Association at this meeting of Club Tavern, and recorded the world's first unified football rules in writing. Two months later, on February 26th, 1863 and 14, the Football Association held another meeting in a small hotel in Misa Street, Crewe, London, and refined the rules of football to 14. 1 1 Clubs and colleges participating in the pub meeting of * * * Club: Forest Club (later renamed Ranger); Gilborn; Barnes; War office; Crusaders; Pasival; Black Hayes Club; Kensington College; Soapy; Blake Hayes College; Crystal palace.

Modern Football Modern football first appeared in Britain in the 9th century/KLOC-0. As mankind entered the 20th century, so did football. Whether it is the legendary enemy on the battlefield or the fact that ten thousand people play a football together between the two cities, it has become a thing of the past. Modern football is about to begin, and has gradually formed a professional league. 1903, Belgium, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Spain and other countries discussed the establishment of an international football organization, but Britain, as the birthplace of football, was not enthusiastic. But football began to spread in Europe and America. In Italy, British immigrants established the Genoa team as early as 1893, 1899, and the British and Italians joined hands to establish today's green giants-AC Milan, 1899. Italy also founded the Federal Championship, which won six times in Genoa in the previous seven sessions, and AC Milan/KOOC-0/90/KOOC-0/won the championship. In South America, football was also brought here by British sailor and immigrant Thomas. Sir Lipton founded the Lipton Cup, which became a competition between Uruguay and Argentina on both sides of the La Plata River. The most famous football leagues now are the five major leagues in Europe. American football American football or American football originated from rugby and is a kind of rugby. Rugby was introduced from England to America. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, a game similar to football was often held in the eastern part of the United States, in which players could score points by kicking the ball over the opponent's scoring line. There are as many as 30 players on the team, sometimes more. Because this kind of American FOOTBALL was originally only allowed to kick with feet, it was named football, which means football. It is still in use today, and some people call it American football. After football was introduced to America, people changed the rules, including passing the ball forward. Because physical collisions often occur with opposing players in the game, players need to wear protective clothing and helmets to play. American football is a popular competitive sport in America. There are two main ways to hold the ball or throw it. There are many ways to score, including holding the ball across the baseline, throwing the ball to a teammate behind the baseline, or kicking the ball directly on the ground between two goalposts. This is also called shooting. At the end of the game, the team that scored more points won. American football was first started by students of Harvard University with a ball game called "-",the purpose of which was to run past opponents with the ball. After the American Civil War, American football became popular in universities. At first, this sport was similar to soccer, but Yale University coach Kemp (-{Walter Camp}-) improved it to be closer to football. Due to the violent physical collision in the game, it is reported that some players died in the game. President theodore roosevelt ordered a change in the rules of the game, but this did not lead to the demise of the sport. Street Football, street football originated in Brazil and Europe. After long-term accumulation and evolution, the street foot has become a unique street culture composed of one-on-one hit, three-on-three cage competition, fancy fs performance, street dance, street music and other elements.

international incident

The F.I.F.A.World Cup Competition, referred to as the World Cup, is a worldwide football competition under the unified leadership and organization of FIFA. Each competition lasts for three years from the preliminaries to the finals, with nearly 100 countries participating in the preliminaries. It is the largest, most influential and highest-level football match in the world, and it is also the most concerned sports event in the world. 200 1 1 0/on October 7th, China men's soccer team won the first place in the World Cup qualifiers, and entered the World Cup finals for the first time with a record of 6 wins1draw1loss.