The development and change of fine arts from colonial period to the War of Independence?

1620 after the first European immigrants who settled permanently in North America took the may flower and settled near Boston, there were sporadic artistic activities. There were regular portrait painters around 1670, and their painting styles were mostly Dutch painting techniques learned in England, which were brought to the colonies by some last-rate or amateur painters.

Joe smit (1688- 175 1) was the most famous portrait painter in his early days. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was apprenticed to a famous painter in his early years. He also went to Italy to personally copy the original works of classical masters. His copy later influenced portrait painters in the New World. 1728 went to America and settled in Boston two years later. Later, he mainly engaged in artistic activities by running his own painting shop. The existing portraits of smit are all portraits of local celebrities.

John Singleton Copley (1738- 18 15) was the most important painter in the colonial period and the first great painter trained in the United States. He received art education in Boston, his birthplace, and his subsequent artistic activities were mainly to paint portraits of local wealthy businessmen and nouveau riche. Thanks to his superb skills, he soon gained fame and fortune. 1765, he sent a portrait to the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in London, which was well received, thus confirming his status as an artist in the colony. 1774 The American War of Independence forced him to leave Boston and move to London. After arriving in London, he continued to create portraits and historical paintings. His major works include Mrs Richard Skinner (1772), Brooke Watson and the Shark (1778) and The Death of Colonel Pearson.

Gilbert Smart (1755— 1828) was born in Newport, Rhode Island, USA. He studied painting in Edinburgh, Scotland in his early years, and asked West for advice shortly after the outbreak of the War of Independence, and absorbed a lot of neoclassical portrait techniques. He returned to the United States after independence in 1792, and enjoyed an enduring reputation for painting portraits of the first president and other founding fathers with superb technology. His portrait style has always prevailed in America in the first half of the19th century.

Beni Amin West (1738— 1820) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, but he spent his artistic career in England. He studied in Italy for three years, then settled in London, and even included King George III among his artistic patrons. 1772 west is a painter of court history, 1792 president of the royal academy of fine arts. Copley, Stuart and other American painters were all influenced by him.