The origin of the Hakka family?

Hakka is a Han ethnic group with distinctive characteristics. It is also one of the Han ethnic groups with the widest distribution range and the most far-reaching influence in the world. They live in clusters in Meixian, Xingning, Dabu, Wuhua, Huiyang and other counties in Guangdong and parts of Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan, Taiwan, Hainan and Fujian, and are distributed in more than 120 counties. They lived in the Yellow River Basin for generations. In the late Western Jin Dynasty (early 4th century) and the late Tang Dynasty (late 9th century), a large number of people moved south due to wars. After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty in the 1270s, they moved to Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other places. They call themselves "Hakka" or "Laijin" to distinguish themselves from the locals. Hakka is one of the dialects of Chinese and retains more ancient Chinese phonetics. Folk songs have a unique style. The Hakka people maintain their own customs and traditions in the areas where they live together. Women are naturally talented and participate in labor production. They are not constrained by bad feudal customs and have the courage to make progress. In modern times, after the failure of the Taiping Rebellion, many Hakkas were forced to disperse over a wider area. Some moved to Taiwan, Hong Kong, or settled in Southeast Asia. Hakka - Origin

Hakka

The ancestors of the Hakka who lived in the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi came from the Central Plains. They were people who migrated directly from the Central Plains on a large scale due to wars in the past dynasties, or who moved in through time, or who settled there because of officialdom, relegation, or business. The migration of their ancestors occurred in the following periods: (1) The Qin and Han Dynasties unified China, and immigrants from the Central Plains began to move south.

1. In the twenty-fifth year of the First Emperor of Qin (222 BC), the Qin army defeated Chu with 600,000 soldiers, who “conquered the king of Baiyue in the south.” After the Minzhong County was established in 1988, he divided his troops and went south, from the border of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi to reach Jieling, that is, Jieyang Mountain. It is 150 miles north of present-day Jieyang County and reaches the border of Xingning and Haifeng counties.

2. In the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang, 500,000 people guarded the Five Ridges, that is, Zhao Tuo "generated troops to garrison the crossing." From this we can see that there are two Qin armies garrisoning on the border between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, one at the border of Wunanye and the other at Jieling.

3. In the thirty-fourth year of the First Emperor of Qin, Zhao Tuo built a city two miles across the river to control the Wu River, and built a city of ten thousand people on Zhongsu Mountain. Zhao Tuo built a city in Longchuan again. The number of these city builders is unknown, but during the same period, those who moved to the northern border counties to build cities could be estimated to be as few as 30,000 households and as many as 50,000 households.

4. In the thirty-sixth year of the First Emperor of Qin, it is estimated that the Qin garrison immigrants stationed in the borders of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi accounted for more than one-third of the local population.

5. In the fifth year of Yuanding (115 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, a large number of soldiers from the Central Plains went south to garrison Lingnan and were stationed in counties and military strategic points.

6. In the first year of the Han Dynasty (110 BC), the Minyue people in central Fujian and Jieyang (Chao and Meigu were the Minyue areas) all moved away, leaving only the Qin people in the area. Descendants of immigrants from Zhong County. This shows that from then on, the residents of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi border areas were mainly immigrants from the Central Plains.

(2) From Jian'an in the late Han Dynasty to Yongjia in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the people of the Central Plains took refuge, and some people moved into the Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi border areas.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, people from the Central Plains took refuge in Jiaozhou, which set off a climax. The southward migration mainly came by sea. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, when the north and the south were in conflict, the Central Plains people once again migrated south on a large scale, with a population of about 960,000. Most of them settled on both sides of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Some of them entered Jiangxi and southern Jiangxi, and some entered the border counties of Fujian and Guangdong via Ningdu and Shicheng. During the Yongjia period, many gentry from the Central Plains flowed into Fujian.

(3) The Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty brought huge disasters to the people, and a large number of people in the Central Plains fled south.

(4) During the Huangchao Uprising at the end of the Tang Dynasty, a large number of refugees from the Central Plains fled into Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi. For example, the clan member Li Meng moved from Chang'an to Bianliang, and then to Gubi Township, Ninghua, Fujian. Wang Xu and Wang Chao from Gushi responded to Huangchao's uprising and led 5,000 peasant uprising troops from Guang and Shou prefectures to Jiangxi. From the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, the population of Fujian and Jiangxi border areas increased sharply.

(5) During the Southern Song Dynasty and at the end of the Song Dynasty, a large number of people from the Central Plains fled to central Guangdong and the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi.

After Jianyan crossed to the south, some officials and people moved to Hang, Xiu, Su, Chang, and Hu, that is, the Taihu Basin. The other part, and most of it, followed Long Huangtai along the way to Hong, Ji, and Qianzhou, and Huangtai returned to Lin'an. These scholars did not have the conditions to follow the Queen Mother, and they were unable to return north, so some of them crossed the Dageng Mountains southward and entered Nanxiong, Shixing, and Shaozhou. Part of it went from Qianzhou to Tingzhou. Some were stranded in counties in southern Jiangxi. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan army marched south in large numbers, and a large number of Song people in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi fled from Putian to Chaoshan along the coast of Guangdong to Hainan Island.

(6) In addition to the large-scale southward migration due to wars mentioned above, people from the Central Plains fled south due to droughts and floods. There are also people who have been officials, demoted, businessmen, and study tours in the past dynasties and settled in the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong, and Jiangxi. .

From the above historical data, the Hakka ancestors mainly came from the Han nationality in the Central Plains. In the process of the formation of the Hakka ethnic system, they continued to absorb southern minority groups such as She, Yao, Dan, and Muke to strengthen the Hakka team.