Siphon phenomenon in big cities

What is the "siphon effect"? It can be said that the siphon effect means that many large cities use their own resources, education, and medical advantages to reduce the dimensions of some disadvantaged provinces and cities, thereby absorbing a lot of population, resources, and some cheap labor from disadvantaged cities into their own circles.

It can be said that in China, the siphon effect is a common phenomenon. For example, the north from Guangzhou to Shenzhen absorbs all the young labor force in China. The capitals of many provinces absorb the young labor force in the cities of the province, and also Some areas along the coast of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, or the Pearl River Delta, have absorbed young and strong people from nearby provinces.

It can be said that the siphon effect in today’s big cities is getting stronger and stronger. For example, the total population of Guangdong Province now exceeds 100 million, and Guangzhou and Shenzhen alone have more than 20 million. It can be said that there are not many aborigines in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Most of them are migrant populations, which account for the majority in these two places. These so-called migrant populations even account for more than 65% of the local population. These immigrants come from all over the country, including the population.

However, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are just a phenomenon of the siphon effect. Domestically, not only Guangzhou and Shenzhen, but also many provincial capital cities have basically achieved an agglomeration effect on the entire province. Many cities close to provincial capital cities have attracted a large number of local young people to provincial capital cities because of their weak attractiveness. This has never led to a sharp decline in the population of some third- and fourth-tier cities, and even many places have become empty cities. This situation happens repeatedly every year in many places in China.

Behind the siphon effect, the ultimate benefit is that only a few cities have developed, and most cities have gradually fallen behind in this battle for population due to lack of their own resources. Even in the end, some cities turned into ghost towns, and all the young adults in the cities left. In the end, only some parents and children remained in the cities. Because there are few young people, the whole city is lifeless. In the end, if this was always the case, almost the entire city would end up being a complete ghost town.

As the saying goes, if you want to be rich, you must first build roads. This sentence can be said to have some truth. For many small and medium-sized cities, traffic congestion, mountains and hills, and geographical barriers have become great obstacles to the development of many places. In order to develop rapidly, many cities have put high-speed rail, railway construction, and highways on the agenda, but the prosperity they imagined has not come. Convenient transportation has exacerbated the loss of young adults and young people in the province.

It was difficult for everyone to go out and wanted to go out. First of all, it is inconvenient due to geographical factors, and it is even more inconvenient to come back. So many young people finally thought about it. Except for some who really want to work hard and leave their hometown, many people are limited by the actual situation in their hometown and end up staying. So although the economy is average, at least many young people are retained in the city, and the population structure is more reasonable. However, with the construction of high-speed rail, bullet trains, and expressways, transportation has become more and more convenient.

Some experts once said that many third- and fourth-tier cities have exacerbated their own decline due to the rapid development of transportation. In other words, this situation, due to the development of transportation, has led to a large outflow of its own internal labor force and young adults. But if you don’t develop, you will fall behind. Building roads and not retaining people has become a common dilemma for countless third- and fourth-tier cities, which represents today’s provinces such as Jiangxi, Anhui, and Henan. Although transportation is becoming more and more convenient, this is true.

It can be said that whether it is the massive outflow of the population from third- and fourth-tier cities, or the phenomenon of national siphonage and provincial siphonage in coastal areas such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and the Pearl River Delta, in the final analysis, it is because in these places, young people can Provide enough jobs with higher wages. In addition, there are many high-tech industries, financial industries, and IT industries, so every year they attract countless young people from many provinces to these cities, and third- and fourth-tier cities.

It stands to reason that if you want to be rich, you must first build roads. This idea is correct, but the crux of the problem is that many cities are right next to some developed giant cities, such as the Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai regions next to Anhui. This province's advantages in these places can be said to be minimal. Regardless of employment, income, and salary, no one can match it. Therefore, humans are creatures that seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. It is natural for people to go to higher places. Finally, there is a natural exodus from the province.

Similarly, the same is true for Jiangxi and Henan, the major export provinces. It can be said that 70% of China's migrant population is absorbed by Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and coastal areas, and the rest basically go to local provincial capital cities. The remaining third- and fourth-tier cities have basically become cannon fodder. What’s even more frightening is that these cities have already fallen into a huge economic recession before they had time to support themselves in the second stage of large cities. Without people, there would naturally be no industry and it would be difficult to attract investment.

So in this war for population without gunpowder, it can be said that there is no doubt that big cities have taken the absolute initiative, and more and more third- and fourth-tier cities have fallen into such an unsolvable cycle. middle. But this is not unsolvable. That is, after some large cities form some cluster effects, they will drive the development of surrounding areas through economic radiation, or transfer some low-level labor-intensive industries or factories, thus promoting the secondary upgrading of some third- and fourth-tier cities.

This is what Shenzhen is like today. For example, some industries or factories have been transferred to Huizhou and Dongguan. Most places only retain R&D centers and some headquarters, which can drive the development of surrounding cities and achieve a win-win situation. However, this model still has a long way to go for many places.

After all, population is the primary productive force in the future. In some siphoned big cities, it is really difficult to spit out the meat you eat. After all it maintains the population. Related Q&A: What does the siphon effect mean?

The siphon effect, also known as the siphon phenomenon, physically refers to the fact that due to the gravitational force and potential energy difference between liquid molecules, the liquid will flow from the side with greater pressure to the side with less pressure.

Although the atmospheric pressure on both sides of the water is the same, due to the water level difference, the side with greater water pressure flows downward due to gravity, and the side with smaller water pressure flows upward due to atmospheric pressure, until the atmospheric pressure plus water pressure on both sides are equal, and the water in the container When the water surface becomes the same height, the water will stop flowing. The water in the container can be quickly pumped out using the siphon phenomenon.

In fact, siphoning is not entirely caused by atmospheric pressure. Siphoning can also occur in vacuum. The force that makes the liquid rise is the cohesion of molecules between the liquids. When a siphon phenomenon occurs, because more liquid flows out of the tube than flows into the tube, the gravity on both sides is unbalanced, so the liquid will continue to flow in one direction, inside the tube. , the higher up, the lower the pressure. If the tube from which the liquid rises is high.

The pressure will be reduced to the point where bubbles (composed of air or other gases) are generated in the tube. The height of the siphon is determined by the generation of bubbles. Because the bubbles will disconnect the liquid and the force between the gas molecules at both ends of the bubbles will be reduced to 0, thus destroying the siphoning effect, the tube must be filled with water. Under normal atmospheric pressure, the siphon works better than under vacuum, because the atmospheric pressure on both sides of the nozzle increases the pressure inside the entire siphon.