Which country is Saipan in?

2. Saipan, an island of the Northern Mariana Islands in the western Pacific Ocean. The highest point, Tapojo, is 466 meters above sea level. 1565 ~ 1899 was ruled by Spain. From 1899 to 19 14, it belongs to Germany. 1920 Japanese occupation. 1944 was occupied by the US military and became an important air base. 1962 became the capital of American Trust Territory of Pacific island countries. Now it mainly produces desiccated coconut, and also produces taro, cassava, yam, breadfruit and bananas. There are commercial docks and international airports. The population is about 52,200 (2010). On June 28th, 2009, the United States federal government took over the immigration affairs of the Northern Mariana Islands.

Third, the historical evolution:

Saipan began to be inhabited by humans around 2000 BC. The original beauty of Saipan and Mariana Islands was not known to the world until the famous navigator Magellan 152 1 traveled around the world. After the Spanish landed on the island in 1565, they declared permanent possession as their territory, and renamed the islands "Mariana" after the Queen of Spain in 1668.

1898 After the Spanish-American War, Spain ceded Guam to the United States and sold the Northern Mariana Islands to Germany. Twenty years later, Germany was defeated in World War I and was forced to cede the Northern Mariana Islands to Japan. During the Japanese occupation, immigrants were introduced from Japan, Okinawa, North Korea and other places, and sugarcane was planted in large quantities. According to the population statistics of February 1939, there are 129 104 people on the island, of whom nearly 60% are Japanese, China Taiwan Province Province and Koreans.

During World War II, Japanese and American armies fought fiercely for the island. 1944, 15 In June, the US military began to attack Saipan, which was called the Battle of Saipan in history. On July 9, the battle ended and the Japanese commander committed suicide by caesarean section. Thirty thousand Japanese soldiers guarding the island fought to only one thousand. Today, there are still many battlefield sites in Saipan. The two atomic bombs dropped by the United States in Japan, the little boy and the fat man, took off after being loaded on Tianning Island near Saipan.

After Japan's defeat, the United Nations entrusted the Northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia Islands, Palau and Marshall Islands to the United States government for 40 years (1945- 1985), and the United States was responsible for the national defense and foreign affairs of the trusteeship. After the end of the trusteeship period, Micronesia, Palau and Marshall Islands became independent as * * * and the United States, while the Northern Mariana Islands decided not to seek independence in the 1970s, and instead sought to become a dependency of the United States. 1975 reached an agreement with the United States to form a federation and become a political alliance of the United States. 1978 the federal government was established and adopted the constitution. 1986165438+10, which was owned by the United States by referendum, became a territory of the United States, and the management right was managed by the local government, with a transitional period. Starting from 1986, all residents on the island hold American citizen passports, and the social security card (i.e. tax card) is managed by California. At that time, it was agreed with the United States that the local government would manage immigration and labor affairs. On May 10, 2008, US President George W. Bush signed the Regulations on the Federalization of the Northern Mariana Islands, and finally regained the autonomy of immigration and labor affairs on October 28, 2009.