20 10 Guangzhou senior high school entrance examination graduation comprehensive test (2) literature comprehensive answer

20 10 comprehensive test for graduating classes of senior middle schools in Guangzhou (2) analysis of geography test questions

Multiple choice

1, answer b

By reading the map 1, we will find that the daily temperature in this area has been relatively high but the daily temperature difference is relatively small, which can be solved by exclusion method. A mistake, because if it is cloudy during the day, the temperature will be lower due to the reflection of clouds, while if it is clear at night, the atmospheric inverse radiation is weak, the temperature drops rapidly and the temperature difference is large; Item b is correct. From the small daily temperature difference in the figure, it can be inferred that the atmospheric inverse radiation is strong at night, and item C is wrong. Only when the temperature is relatively low at night will there be a strong uneven heat and cold, so the wind is relatively strong; Wrong D, because the temperature is high today, it must be summer, while China has long days and short nights in summer.

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Step 2 answer a

Analysis Through the analysis of Figure 2, we can find that the height of 0℃ layer in summer is closely related to the annual runoff of rivers. In recent years, the height of 0℃ layer has increased in summer, indicating that the annual runoff of rivers has also increased with the increase of summer temperature. There is only one reason: the supply mode of rivers increases the melting water of ice and snow, and the supply mode of melting water of ice and snow appears in the northwest region (Xinjiang) or the northeast region (Heilongjiang), but the river runoff is relatively large, so the northwest region (Xinjiang) can be excluded.

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3. answer d

Reading Figure 3 analytically, the distribution of 0℃ isotherm for many years has the following characteristics: moving from south to north indicates that the global temperature is rising, that is, global warming.

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4. answer b

From the analysis of Figure 4, the distribution characteristics of this thing are as follows, with more and more distribution from west to east, indicating that the factor affecting the distribution of this thing is precipitation, and the law reflected by this factor is the zonal distribution of longitude.

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5. answer b

From the analysis of Figure 4, this kind of thing is distributed in the arid and semi-arid areas of China. One of the main characteristics of these areas is drought, so the serious problem in the geographical environment is land desertification.

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6 answer d

Through the analysis of Figure 5, it is found that Beijing's agriculture is mainly flowers, vegetables and dairy farming ... these are all agricultural types that need to be close to the market, so Beijing is located close to the market.

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7.answer d

By analyzing the model of "front shop and back factory", it is found that the cheap labor in the Pearl River Delta is mainly used for production, and the market is positioned in the international market. The model of "front factory and back shop" puts the production link in Hong Kong, only the assembly link in the Pearl River Delta, and finally locates the market in China. This shows that the market location factors have changed.

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8. answer b

According to Figure 7, the distribution characteristics of rural biogas in China are mainly concentrated in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Hebei and Henan. This feature only meets one situation: high in the south and low in the north.

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9. Answer A

This problem can be analyzed by exclusion method. The development level of biogas in Jiangsu and Guangdong is relatively low, and it is definitely not raw materials, because these two provinces are not short of raw materials; It is also a climate item C and a science and technology item D, because neither is lacking. Just because this area has developed economy and high living standard, there is no need to develop too much rural biogas.

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10、

Answer a

According to the analysis, migrant workers in China go out to work mainly because they get a certain income. They are generally engaged in labor-intensive industries and will move with the transfer of employment opportunities. Therefore, it is completely inferred that China's labor-intensive industries have moved to the western region.

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1 1, answer a.

According to the distribution in Figure 8, the country with the largest per capita carbon dioxide emission is Luxembourg, followed by the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium and Russia. These countries are vast and sparsely populated, which shows that they have a lot to do with population density.

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Comprehensive problem

40、

answer

(1)① Located at the entrance of the Strait of Hormuz, along the Persian Gulf; (2) The traffic arteries in the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean; ③ Land and sea transportation is very convenient;

(2) It reflects the hot and dry natural environment of this country, so there are many inland rivers, sparse vegetation and desert surface all the year round; Artificial development of fresh water irrigation and planting a large number of surface vegetation;

(3) Dubai is an immigrant country in history; The country is rich in oil resources and developed in economy; There are many employment opportunities and great attraction;

(4) Convenient sea transportation and transportation of raw materials; Rich in oil resources and sufficient electricity; Developed science and technology; Broad market;

analyse

(1) The geographical location of Singapore is very important. It is close to the strait, on the main road of traffic, and close to the port. You should answer this question from a similar point of view.

(2) The integrity of the natural environment is about the relationship between a geographical factor and other factors. Dubai has a tropical desert climate, so drought is the main feature. Grasping this feature, it is analyzed in connection with vegetation, river and surface. The landscape of Material 4 is beautiful because the area is in desert climate, but it has spent a lot of money to develop vegetation greening, so this landscape has appeared.

(3) The population structure of this country is characterized by immigrants.

(4) The aluminum smelting industry is a power-led industry, and its advantageous location factors need to be analyzed, but the country lacks aluminum mines and needs overseas transportation.

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4 1、

answer

(1) Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi

(2) areas above 35-40; /kloc-areas below 0/5; 10-30

(3) south, or south; Due to the great influence of summer monsoon in this area, there is much precipitation on the south slope and rocky desertification is serious.

(4) Reasons: ① vegetation destruction, ② overgrazing, ③ deforestation, ④ blind reclamation;

Measures: ① afforestation and soil and water conservation; (2) Returning farmland to forest and grassland and rational grazing;

analyse

(1) karst landform Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau area.

(2) By analyzing the map 14, we can see the landscape distribution of rocky desertification with different slopes.

(3) By analyzing the map 15, we can see the landscape distribution of rocky desertification in different slope directions.

(4) Mainly from human factors. Then put forward targeted measures.

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24, C analysis This topic mainly examines the understanding of commodity exchange media. "Livestock, cloth, shells, precious metals, gold and silver" in the title is a generally accepted medium of commodity exchange. First, make sure that these items are all commodities. If they can't show the value of other commodities, they can't act as the medium of commodity exchange, so exclude A; With the development of commodity economy, commodity exchange has gradually moved from a country to the international market, and it has the function of world currency, except that the value symbols in item B and D refer to paper money, so it should also be excluded. This question should be C. The score of this topic lies in the understanding of the commodity itself and the understanding of functions of money.

25, A Analysis of this topic mainly examines that consumers should establish a scientific and reasonable consumption concept, which is linked to the "low-carbon life" and should reflect the scientific consumption concept in their choices. ① ② ③ All of them can reflect the meaning of "using energy-saving appliances and choosing public transportation", which is closely related to "low-carbon life", while "fulfilling responsibilities" mentioned in item ④ is too broad, so it is excluded. The score of this topic lies in the understanding of establishing a scientific and reasonable consumption concept.

26, D Analysis This topic mainly examines the factors that determine the change of the distribution system. The topic requires "root cause" and should be analyzed from the most fundamental level of productivity. Item A is an external factor, the basic economic system of item B is also determined by China's productivity level, and item C is an institutional factor, not a fundamental reason. Only d meets the requirements of the topic. The main score of this problem is the analysis of the fundamental reasons for the implementation of the distribution system in China. Only by discussing this question fundamentally can we directly choose the correct answer.

27. B Analysis This topic mainly examines the understanding of the fiscal deficit and the measures that should be taken. The statement in ① is wrong. The warning line of fiscal deficit stipulated in the footnote is that the fiscal deficit accounts for 60% of fiscal revenue, while the fiscal deficit in the chart accounts for more than 22% of fiscal revenue, so the statement in ① is wrong, and the central fiscal deficit does not exceed a reasonable proportion; ② Facing the current international and domestic economic situation, China should take corresponding measures; 3 does not meet the meaning of the question; (4) The financial expenditure in the chart is used to support local governments, which is conducive to narrowing the development gap between local governments and promoting the equalization of public services. Therefore, choose B in this question.

28.b Analysis This topic mainly examines the democratic issues in China, especially the human rights issues related to China. The class nature of democracy is not reflected in the topic; The year of human rights action plan formulated by our government shows that our country has seriously assumed its due responsibilities in promoting and protecting human rights, and also shows that our democracy is guaranteed by the system and is the embodiment of the authenticity of democracy. (4) this statement is wrong and ruled out, so the score of choosing B. this question lies in the understanding of the democratic characteristics of our people.

29.c Analysis This topic mainly examines the state structure of China. The question only reflects that the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region is appointed by the state, but does not reflect that A enjoys a high degree of autonomy, and B itself is wrong, and D itself is wrong. "One country, two systems" is still a special form of unitary system, not a special form of federalism. The score of this question is the familiarity with the elective content.

30. The analytical solution of this problem can be eliminated. (4) It is an obvious basic knowledge error, and the People's Congress should accept the leadership of the Party, not the Party should accept the leadership of the People's Congress, so it is ruled out. As a township head, Zhang was punished for not administering according to law, which reflected that ① the people's right to be masters of the country was guaranteed; ② The National People's Congress removed Zhang in accordance with legal procedures, which reflected the principle of democratic centralism; He should be elected. So choose a.

3 1. The analytical solution of this problem can be eliminated. In China, the implementation of the western development is not conducive to the realization of political equality, which shows that it violates the principle of ethnic equality in dealing with ethnic relations in China. This topic emphasizes that the large-scale development of the western region has brought benefits such as increased per capita income to farmers and herdsmen in ethnic areas. Judging from the significance of the western development, the key point is to promote economic prosperity from the economic aspect and promote and consolidate national unity from the political aspect. (2) (4) Both should be selected, and the topic does not involve political system measures, so ① is excluded. Choose b for this question.

As far as the situational materials of this topic are concerned, after the great economic development in the first decade, the cultural construction in the second decade should be based on the local special reality, mainly relying on the local people, and show the personality of each minority culture according to the local reality. It can be seen that item B meets the meaning of the question, while items A and D do not. The basic cultural rights and interests of all ethnic groups have always been protected, and item C is not in line with the actual situation.

33.a The main purpose of analyzing this topic is the national crackdown on obscene pornography and vulgar information activities. From the point of inevitability, it embodies ①; In terms of importance, it embodies ③. The socialist core value system is based on the socialist concept of honor and disgrace, so ① exclusion; This special activity is conducive to reducing its negative impact, but it cannot be "eradicated", which shows that the statement is too absolute.

34.d analysis answers comic multiple-choice questions. The first step is to read comics and master every piece of information, including data, tips and other information. The second step is to analyze the comics and understand the meaning. From the cartoon point of view, the hen symbolizes investors and the basket is the stock market; These two hints show that investors are confused about whether to listen to the opinions of the majority-diversification or concentration. The third step is to combine the options and choose the best one. Item A does not match the meaning of the question, and the hen's confusion shows that it has not found a good strategy; Item b is easy to be wrong. The success of investment behavior depends on the investment concept, and whether the investment structure conforms to objective laws should also be respected. There is only one truth, and item C violates the objectivity of truth. From the prompt of "decentralized investment" or "centralized investment", we can know that cartoons show that people's understanding is influenced by subjective and objective factors, and reflect the subjective initiative of conscious activities. So choose D.

B can be used to solve this problem analytically. The center of the problem is that if food additives are used excessively, it will easily lead to safety problems, which means that ② conforms to the meaning of the problem; conversely, if used properly, it will not lead to safety problems, which means ④ also conforms to the meaning of the problem; The problem of this topic is that people should make reasonable value choices and follow the law of drug action on people, which shows that ① also conforms to the meaning of the topic. When making value judgments, we should follow the objective laws of social development, stand on the standpoint of the overwhelming majority of the people and take the interests of the people as the highest value standard, which shows that ③ is wrong. So choose B.

36. To solve the problem (1), we must first determine which government functions are related to the first material, and then analyze the material with specific basic knowledge. Question (2) Starting from reality, students are required to fully realize the importance of analyzing materials with theory. Question (3) is an open topic. First, examine the students' ability to distinguish right from wrong, and then evaluate this point of view. As an introduction, the real purpose of guiding students to analyze problems is how to strengthen cultural exchanges and cultural construction.

Answer (1)① China is a socialist country under the people's democratic dictatorship. Its essence is that the people are the masters of the country. Our government is the defender of the people's interests and the executor of the people's will. Paying attention to the development of cultural industries conforms to the long-term interests and fundamental interests of the people. ② Our government has the function of organizing the construction of socialist culture. Paying attention to the development of China's cultural industry is an inevitable requirement for the government to fulfill the function of organizational culture construction. ③ Our government has the function of organizing socialist economic construction. Paying more attention to the development of cultural industries is to better develop the socialist economy and provide public services for economic development.

(2)① Give full play to people's subjective initiative. Based on the market situation, it is the result of exerting subjective initiative to revitalize the resources of the old city and support a number of distinctive cultural and creative industrial bases and parks. ② Grasp the reality correctly. It is necessary to grasp the reality of this city, base itself on the market situation, support cultural and creative industrial bases and parks, promote the reform of the cultural system, and encourage all kinds of capital to enter the cultural industry. (3) Realize the unity of subjectivity and objectivity, concreteness and history. Based on the market situation, S City invigorates the resources of the old city and promotes the development of cultural industry in a market-oriented way, which embodies the unity of subjective and objective concrete history.

(3)① With the increase of GDP, the international influence of Chinese culture will rise, which is conducive to the spread of Chinese culture; At the same time, we need to strengthen our own construction, so that cultural construction can meet the growth rate of China's GDP. Therefore, we must unswervingly continue to implement the cultural "going out" strategy; Learn from others' strengths and use them for me; Good at learning and using international experience and practices to spread China culture; Further improve the level of foreign cultural exchanges; Pay attention to the excavation of traditional culture, take its essence and discard its dross. Innovation, innovation; Vigorously developing cultural industries has become an important way to spread Chinese culture. ② Examples of promoting China culture in China in recent years: mascot of Beijing Olympic Games, emblem and mascot design of Shanghai World Expo, etc.

37. Analyze the problem (1) into the meaning embodiment of the tradition of economic life, pay attention to the word-for-word interpretation and analysis of the given materials, and sum up three changes: first, expand domestic demand to stimulate economic development along the way, and second, revitalize regional resources to meet people's needs; The third is to promote the development of tourism, change the mode of economic development and promote the adjustment of industrial structure. When making specific answers, we should use induction, first state or summarize effective information according to the materials, and then draw a conclusion. We should discuss one thing and another to avoid confusing things. (2) the scope of subject knowledge-the dialectical part of philosophical life should be clear when examining the questions; Analyze the scope of content-establish the sense of innovation, and then aim at the "high-speed rail technology research and development process" in the materials. The difficulty of this topic lies in the way of asking questions-"talking about understanding", from which we can think about the necessity and importance of establishing innovative consciousness, and the specific presentation method can be based on "what is it?" Why? How's it going? "It is not hard to think of, what is this? -To establish a sense of innovation means to constantly emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts, keep pace with the times, and constantly realize the innovative development of theory and practice. Why? Things are constantly moving, changing and developing. We should treat the world around us with critical spirit and innovative consciousness. How's it going? -Innovation is a breakthrough in existing theory and practice, but this breakthrough is not simply to deny everything blindly, but to "discard the useless" of the old tradition for our use.

Answer (1)① The opening of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway has liberated the capacity of Beijing-Guangzhou railway and changed the quantity and structure of people flow, logistics and capital flow, which will have a huge investment effect, effectively expand domestic demand, promote the development of related industries and stimulate economic development along the line; It is conducive to increasing the number of employed people and promoting the improvement of people's living standards. ② Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway has revitalized the resources in Wuhan and Guangzhou, which is not only conducive to resource conservation and environmental protection, but also meets people's demand for high-end passenger transport. (3) The opening of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway has a strong economic radiation effect, which will give birth to the three-hour tourism circle and economic circle in South China, promote the development of tourism, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.

(2) (1) Things are constantly changing and developing, so we should look at the problem from a developmental perspective; This requires us to base ourselves on practice, emancipate our minds, keep pace with the times and realize the innovative development of theory and practice. China's research on high-speed rail technology is in the forefront of the world. ② The revolutionary critical spirit of dialectics is closely related to the innovative consciousness. Innovation is a breakthrough in the existing theory and practice, but this breakthrough is not a simple denial, but a sublation of the old tradition, which dares to innovate and break through the stereotypes. In the process of developing high-speed rail technology in China, the digestion and absorption of imported technology are re-innovated, and integrated innovation is carried out according to the new situation, instead of blindly denying everything. ③ The negative view of dialectics is not only a link of connection, but also a link of development. We must establish a sense of innovation, so as to be superior, bookish and realistic. In the process of high-speed rail development in China, imported technology is digested and absorbed, and integrated innovation is also carried out as needed.