Immigrants fleeing famine

Going to Kanto is one of the three major waves of immigration in China's modern history, and it is also a vigorous history of personal struggle and national struggle. In a narrow sense, it refers to the history of people in the Central Plains going to Kanto to make a living from the mid-Kloc-0/9th century to the Republic of China. In this immigrant army, Shandong people are the main ones, so why don't Shandong people choose to go to the rich south and choose the three cold provinces?

In this immigration tide in the late Qing Dynasty, Shandong people chose the three eastern provinces instead of the south for four reasons. First, the policy orientation of the Manchu government. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu government imposed a long-term ban on Kanto, but after the Opium War, the Qing government's control over the border areas weakened day by day. In order to resist the erosion of Russia to Northeast China, the Qing government banned land reclamation and encouraged immigrants to settle in border areas. This coincides with natural disasters such as floods in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. People in Shandong, Hebei, Henan and other places responded to the call of the Manchu government to cross the Kanto and save themselves.

Second, the three northeastern provinces are sparsely populated and fertile. Although the three northeastern provinces are cold places and the natural environment is harsh, people still lived on land at that time, and with land, there was a way out. At that time, Northeast China was the best place for Shandong people to immigrate because of its vast land and fertile land. On the contrary, although the south was rich at that time, its population was already saturated, and the land could not support this huge population.

Third, geographical advantages, Shandong coastal areas, especially in Shandong coastal areas, have convenient transportation, and people can go directly to Liaoning, Dalian and other places by boat. Therefore, crossing the sea by boat has become the best way for Shandong people to go to Kanto.

Fourth, the three northeastern provinces are relatively stable. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement broke out in the south, and the war continued, and the people were displaced and chaotic. On the contrary, the relative stability of the Northeast at this time is also an important reason why Shandong people choose to go to the Northeast instead of the rich southern region.

In essence, Shandong people's journey to the East is a tragic movement for poor farmers to survive on the brink of death. It is the best choice for Shandong people to choose bitter and cold provinces after synthesizing various factors. What do you think, gentlemen?