Who lived in the thirteen colonies of British North America? Why did these people unite against Britain and launch this American War of Independence?

The British (Puritans) came to the British North American colonies very early and established their own homeland

Europeans, including the Irish, Scots and Germans (because (due to religious persecution in Europe)

Native Indians

African slaves

The American Revolution, American War of Independence, American Revolutionary War, 1775–1783), also known as the "American Revolutionary War". It refers to the war from 1775, when the people of Boston fought against the British army in Lexington, USA, which kicked off the War of Independence, to 1783, when the British army surrendered in France under the Treaty of Paris. The American War of Independence was both a national war of independence and a bourgeois revolution. In 1607, the British came to the Atlantic coast of North America and began to establish the first colony of Virginia. After continuous colonization, by the 1830s, the British had established 13 colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America. During this period, a large number of immigrants moved to North America, most of them British, many from other European countries, and many black slaves trafficked from Africa. They made important contributions to the development of North America. At that time, the capitalist economy in the British North American colonies developed rapidly and became the mainstream of economic development. At the same time, there are also many backward economic elements. The colonial governance model was based on the British system of government, with each colony having its own governor and parliament. The Governor-General ruled the colonies on behalf of the United Kingdom and had administrative, economic and military powers, and could veto bills passed by Parliament. After more than a hundred years of development, the economic exchanges between the British North American colonies have become increasingly close, and a unified domestic market has initially formed. At the same time, in the long-term process of exchange and integration, English became a common language from various colonies, gradually giving rise to a different culture. On this basis, the American nation began to take shape. National consciousness gradually awakened. In the first half of the 18th century, Enlightenment ideas spread in the British North American colonies, and some outstanding thinkers emerged, such as Franklin and Jefferson. There was a growing sense of nationality and democracy in the British North American colonies. In the mid-18th century, the economy of the British North American colonies developed rapidly. Industry and commerce was developed in the north, wheat was abundant in the center, and the plantation economy was prosperous in the south. Many products produced in North America can even compete with British products in the international market. In the "Seven Year's War" from 1756 to 1763, Britain and France fought a long war for control of the North American colonies. Although Britain defeated France and controlled most of North America, it suffered from financial difficulties due to the long war. As a result, the British government continued to increase taxes on the colonies in North America and implemented high-pressure policies, squeezing and ruthlessly exploiting the colonies. Britain hoped that North America would always be its source of raw materials and commodity market, and tried its best to suppress the economic development of the colonies, and from Colonies search for more wealth. The colonial people were dissatisfied with British exploitation and restraint, and the conflicts between the two sides became increasingly acute, eventually leading to the outbreak of war.