Problems in the Spring and Autumn Period

The latest revision is absolutely reliable: my tutor told me that there was no emperor in the Spring and Autumn Period, and now the imperial edict is called the Order of the Son of Heaven.

For details, please go to/view/27145.htm.

Look at that.

I will say a few words briefly:

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was a transitional period from feudal landlord system to feudal landlord system. The struggle between the old and new classes and between classes is complex and fierce.

Scholars or thinkers representing all classes, strata and political forces try to explain or put forward opinions on the universe, society and everything according to the interests and requirements of their own classes (strata) or groups. They wrote books, collected disciples to help the world, talked extensively and argued with each other, so there was a situation of "a hundred schools of thought contend" in the ideological field.

Official title system:

The titles of governors in various countries began with the first monarch in each country and were awarded by the king of Zhou when the country was founded. For example, the history books describing this period say that there were Duke Song, Duke Qi, Duke Zheng, Duke Chu and Duke Xu in the early Zhou Dynasty. To be exact, these five grades only represent status and initial behavior. When historians record different monarchs, they all call him a title to distinguish between high and low in order to conform to the "ceremony."

And when you say "Childe's pension" and "Childe's success", you mean that they belong to the public, that is to say, they belong to the monarch family and are eligible to inherit state power, not "viscount". Titles can only be given to the monarch, which is hereditary.

Shirley, Ping, Huan, Wu and Zhuang are all posthumous title. Shi (also known as Shi) is the title given by Wang, Gong, Qing and Doctor (emperors, ministers, relatives and scholars since the Han Dynasty) according to their deeds before their death. From the thoughtful to the Sui Dynasty, it was recorded by posthumous title, and from the Tang Dynasty, the temple number was used (usually the last word was Zu or Zong). Posthumous title can be an emperor, a king, a public official, a noble official and a doctor, but only the emperor has a temple name. As for how to decide posthumous title, it is decided by the doctor after death according to the deeds of the emperor before his death, which often contains the meaning of praise and criticism. Shirley, Yang, Ling, Huang, * * *, you are all derogatory terms. Famous ones are Zhou Liwang, Zhou Youwang, King Chu Ling, and a less famous one is Huang Lu, a vassal who was enfeoffed by the Ming Dynasty. Huan, Ping, Wen, Wu and Xiao all mean praise. Like,, and, Emperor Taizong also praised Wen, while Zhuang generally described the monarch as brave and martial.

The wooden beam-column system was initially complete and widely used in the Spring and Autumn Period of BC, and it became more mature in the Han Dynasty.

Clothing materials and technical height during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period;

1. Silk is a plain fabric. Generally, warp and weft are not twisted, some are cooked after weaving, and some are beaten, which has good luster. Thin silk is used as fabric and thick silk is used as lining. The width is between 49 cm and 50.5 cm. There are 29 warp and weft densities of 60- 100 per cm, 2 warp and weft densities of 100- 120, 6 warp and weft densities above 120, and the thinnest one is 164 per cm.

2. Woven plain fabric. Two-ply warp and weft yarns, plus 500 S twist per Mi Yue. The warp and weft density is 80 warp 10 weft per cm. The thickness of the fabric is 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm, which is used as an upper.

3. Square hole yarn is a false yarn weave fabric. There are 25 warp and weft yarns per cm, 16 weft yarns, 17 warp yarns and 16 weft yarns. The width is 32.2 cm and the side width is 0.25 cm.

4.Suro is a skein fabric. Both warp and weft are strongly twisted, with a twist of about 3000 to 3500 times per meter, with S twist. The warp and weft density is 40 warp yarns per cm, 42 weft yarns, and 4 warp yarns are 1 group, twisted into sesame-shaped yarn holes. The width is 43.5 cm to 46.5 cm, with flat edges of 0.35 cm on both sides. The edge warping is per cm 142.

5. Color stripes are alternately arranged with crimson, black and khaki warp yarns into stripes with the width of 1.3 cm to 1.5 cm, in which crimson and khaki warp yarns are alternately arranged in two thicknesses in the stripe area. The fine warp yarns are woven flat, and the coarse warp yarns are woven into floating lines according to the weaving method of three times in jacquard weaving, and the floating line points of two adjacent coarse warp yarns are the same. The rest of the non-flowered parts are plain weave, and the weft is brown. This color stripe is embroidered and used as the edge material of clothes.

6. Brocade is divided into two-color brocade and three-color brocade, both of which are warp brocade with silk flower. The weave is a warp double-layer weave, and the warp density is generally more than 3 times higher than the weft density. The warp density is 84 to 150 per cm, and the weft density is 24 to 54. The warp is generally thicker than the weft. Some brocade warp yarns are slightly twisted, while others are slightly twisted. The width is between 45 cm and 50.5 cm. The side width is 0.7 cm ×2. Tricolor brocade is thicker than bicolor brocade. Used as cloth, edge material and clothing surface.

Life: Living habits in the Spring and Autumn Period-men are barefoot all the year round with gunpowder on their shoulders; Lizhan Village, which has remained unchanged for a hundred years-controlling the population with Chinese medicine, the population has only increased by1in half a century;