Which natural resources and human resources are more important?

Beauty is an important part of a person's human resources. In the past, in people's minds, only physical strength and mental strength could be called human resources. The role and power of beauty have been ignored by people.

In fact, beauty is a kind of human capital. Before the emergence of the commodity economy, it existed as a potential human resource, but it lacked the suitable soil to create economic value and did not manifest itself. Later, with the continuous improvement of social productivity, the value of beauty was rapidly developed and played an unprecedented role in the creation and distribution of social wealth. As a city-island country, Singapore has a small land, few people and lack of natural resources. At the beginning of independence in 1965, the Singaporean government faced a series of internal and external troubles. In response, the Singaporean government assessed the situation and adopted an economic development path of "industrialization". Its economic development has experienced a gradual transition from labor-intensive industries in the early days of independence to capital- and technology-intensive industries with high added value and high-tech industries, and then to the current knowledge-intensive economy such as the information industry. Today, Singapore has developed into an important financial center, transportation center and international trade transit station in Southeast Asia, an important manufacturing center for electronic products and the third largest oil refining center in the world. These achievements can be attributed to the forward-looking vision and innovative attitude of the Singapore government.

Singapore’s leaders have always taken a clear-cut stand to vigorously promote and promote innovation, and emphasized that to maintain sustained and vigorous economic development, we must actively strengthen innovation and entrepreneurship and expand the field of research and development. Singapore must use knowledge, innovation and talent, and Don't compete on cost. The Singapore Economic Development Board has established the "Asia Innovation Award" since 1997. This annual award has enhanced Singapore's image as a country focused on innovation. When State Counselor Goh Chok Tong presented the 2005 "Asia Innovation Award" to more than 1,000 global entrepreneurs, he said that competition and survival pressure have driven Singapore's innovation. Due to the lack of natural resources, Singapore's early development mainly relied on predictions of future trends and policy innovation.

Introducing policies to encourage innovation

Singapore recently established a "Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Council" to provide consultation to the government on national research, innovation and entrepreneurship strategies. Its members include private business people, representatives of science and academia, and cabinet ministers. It is chaired by Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and former Deputy Prime Minister Tan Keng Yam as deputy chairman. At the same time, Singapore also established the "National Research Fund" to fund long-term strategic research projects, with Tan Qingyan as chairman.

The Council recommends that the government include a new R&D strategy as part of the next five-year science and technology plan. These strategies include: in the next five years, scientific research and reform funding will increase from 2.15% of GDP in 2003 to 3%; strengthen the development of advantageous areas, such as electronics, chemistry, maritime engineering and biomedicine, and invest in the environment and water resources In new fields such as science and technology, strike a balance between basic research and direct strategic research; encourage scientific research activities and enhance the commercial value of R&D projects.

Singapore established the Science and Technology Bureau in 1991 and began to formulate a five-year national science and technology development plan. In the first five-year plan from 1991 to 1995, the government invested S$2 billion with the goal of establishing and improving research facilities, including establishing public research institutes and science parks, and encouraging local enterprises through funding. Invest in research and development and update technology. The second five-year plan from 1996 to 2000 invested a total of 4 billion. The goal was to recruit a large number of research and engineering technicians, create a good R&D environment, improve the technical level and innovation capabilities of the local processing industry, and promote the transformation of technological achievements. The third five-year plan from 2001 to 2005 invested S$7 billion. Among them, RMB 5 billion will be used for basic and applied research, mainly applied research, to fund research projects at public research institutes and universities; RMB 2 billion will be used for venture capital, technology transfer and innovation and entrepreneurship.

In order to encourage research institutions to strengthen cooperation with industry, national research institutions can usually only receive 70% of the total funding after applying for project funding from the Science and Technology Bureau, and the Science and Technology Bureau will provide the remaining part based on industry The amount of funding will be allocated in equal amounts. Accordingly, the Science and Technology Bureau has also set up funding programs to encourage local companies to carry out research and development work. If a project application jointly submitted by an enterprise and a research institution to the Science and Technology Bureau is approved, the enterprise can usually receive funding equivalent to 70% of the total cost.

Singapore also renamed the former "Productivity and Standards Agency" to the "Standards, Productivity and Innovation Agency". Its mission is to promote productivity to enhance Singapore's competitiveness and economic growth. To this end, it has taken various measures to encourage technology inventors to start their own businesses and encourage technological innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (the Economic Development Bureau is responsible for providing similar services to multinational companies and large local enterprises).

In the past five years, the government has re-examined and revised relevant laws and regulations, and introduced a series of major measures, such as establishing a venture capital fund and investing in technology start-up companies together with venture capitalists. ; Proportionally pay for technology updates and technical consulting fees for small and medium-sized enterprises; allow individuals to use their ancestral homes (in limited industries) to establish companies, vigorously promote entrepreneurial culture; support the development of innovative industries; launch a number of financing plans, matchmaking, Try to solve the problem of financing difficulties for small businesses.

Emphasis on education and talent introduction

Due to the lack of natural resources, Singapore attaches great importance to human resources. In the past 20 years, education expenditure ranked second only to the defense budget among various national expenditures in Singapore. Annual education allocations from 1997 to 2003 accounted for more than 2.1% of the government budget.

Singapore advocates elite education and spends huge sums of money to set up government scholarships to cultivate elites. After these people study abroad, they must work in the government for five years to ensure a certain talent ratio in the civil service.

At the same time, the government has not neglected the popularization of education and implemented 10-11 years of basic compulsory education, that is, 6 years of primary school and 4 or 5 years of secondary school. Depending on the situation, middle school students can choose three continuing education methods after graduation. The first choice is to enter a junior college and enter university after two years. Those with outstanding academic performance can receive government scholarships and become "elite"; the second is to enter an engineering college, which is equivalent to a junior college; and the last is to enter a polytechnic, which is equivalent to a technical school. Talents at different levels meet the different employment needs of society, which is the success of Singapore's education. Practical talents cultivated by three-year colleges have both a certain theoretical foundation and professional skills, and are very popular among employers.

Singapore also focuses on improving the quality of its workforce through on-the-job training and lifelong education. In view of the generally low educational level of early employees, the government has launched several training programs for on-the-job employees and encourages companies to organize vocational training for their employees in the form of subsidies. For employees who only have a primary school education, basic knowledge training is mainly provided; for those over 40 years old without a college degree, employers are required to arrange at least 6 months of off-the-job subsidy training. Especially during the period of rapid economic growth from 1974 to 1985, the government took measures to limit wage increases and use them for on-the-job training.

In addition to domestic education, Singapore also attaches great importance to the introduction of talents. The survey results show that from 1991 to 2000, intellectual and skilled immigrants contributed as much as 37% to Singapore’s economic growth. Take the R&D field as an example: In 2002, there were 20,000 R&D personnel nationwide, of which 78% were foreign talents. At present, Singapore's Ministry of Manpower has established nine "Connect Singapore" locations overseas as outposts to attract and introduce overseas professional talents. At the same time, the government and enterprises have also taken the initiative to search for leading talents from around the world and hire them to work in Singapore.

Developing creative industries

In addition, Singapore also regards creative industries as an important development direction. To promote this industry, the government plans to invest S$200 million over the five-year period from 2003 to 2008 to promote the development of the local art, design and media industries. It is estimated that by 2012, the number of people employed in the creative industries will increase to 110,000.

For example, the Singapore Economic Development Board has taken various measures to encourage more Singaporean companies, especially finished product manufacturers, to actively participate in industrial design and let them understand the value and importance of industrial design. At the same time, the Economic Development Board is also actively improving Singapore's industrial design education level and cultivating design talents. The National University of Singapore and the Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands collaborated to launch Singapore's first industrial design graduate program in 2005, aiming to expand Singapore's design talent pool. Chairman of the Economic Development Bureau Teo Ming-kin said: “In the future, we hope that manufacturers of consumer electronics, food packaging, furniture, etc. will be proud to adopt Singaporean designs, and be able to win awards in international design competitions with their unique artistic skills. . ”

For technical products, good design can highlight the product and bring competitive advantages to merchants. However, the development of creative industries is not limited to the technology industry. As long as they have good business ideas and growth potential, start-up companies in non-technical industries can also apply for funding of no more than 300,000 Singapore dollars from the Productivity, Standards and Innovation Authority. To qualify for this funding, companies must meet the following criteria: have high levels of innovation and intellectual property, have good long-term growth and profitability potential, and have the potential to expand in the domestic market and go international. Since the end of 2001, about 150 creative start-up companies have received support from the "Start-up Enterprise Program" known as "Seed Fund". With the support of the fund, Singapore's business incubation centers have gradually increased, and now there are 95. These incubation centers have assisted in cultivating approximately 1,000 enterprises.

From another perspective, the Singaporean government believes that the creative industry can also serve as a soft power to enhance cultural identity, national confidence and strengthen regional ties.

"Character" is capital

From the perspective of labor elements, labor force should be divided into three major elements: physical strength, intelligence and beauty. In the past, people had a clear understanding of physical strength and intelligence, but a vague understanding of physical strength. With the development of society, the role of beauty power has become more and more obvious. People have gradually developed a deep understanding of beauty power. No one can ignore the economic value brought by beauty power.

Women’s beauty is priceless, and this noble value of beauty has been fully reflected and proved in the model market. According to "Forbes" magazine, in 1994, the annual salaries of the three top female models in the world were Cindy Crowtown, with an annual salary of US$6.5 million; Claudia Schiffer, with an annual salary of US$5.3 million; Christie Turlington, annual salary of $4.8 million.

The annual salary of male models generally can only be less than 6 figures at most. Among the top models, the salary of male models is only 1/10 of that of female models. However, among the less famous models whose annual salary does not exceed US$50,000, the annual salary of female models is that of male models. double.

If we consider the factors of intelligence and physical strength, it is difficult to explain clearly that their rewards are actually obtained by investing in beauty. In other words, they rely on the power of beauty to earn huge amounts of money.

Kournikova, a beauty with a "kitten" face in the tennis world, although she only has third-rate skills, she has a first-rate face and a first-rate figure, which makes her rich and wealthy. The Williams sisters, who have skills, third-rate figures, and mean looks, want more money. Some people have criticized some celebrities in the domestic entertainment industry who have become famous because of their looks, saying that they have no deep inner skills, no culture, and are vulgar and shallow. However, no matter how people understand them, they have become popular and popular. Some of them are very young, but they are extremely popular. Making money every day, he already has a lot of assets.

Position is capital.

Love of beauty is human nature, and the pursuit of beauty is a driving force for human development. Everyone has a desire for beauty and wants to enjoy it. This is the most primitive mentality of human beings.

The highest ideal pursued by human beings is truth, goodness and beauty, and beauty is the unity of truth and goodness. With the advancement of human material and spiritual civilization, human aesthetic standards will become higher and higher, and the desire to pursue beauty will become stronger and stronger.

Beauty is the flower among women, loved by everyone. During the Han Dynasty, there was a court musician named Li Yannian who wrote this poem: "There is a beautiful woman in the north, peerless and independent. She looks at the charming city and then the charming country." In a certain sense, the beauty of a woman is not only It is an attraction and a natural resource that can be developed and utilized.

The beautiful survive

In today's rapidly developing market economy, when beauties are combined with social production factors, they often produce the effects that people need.

Nothing can best illustrate the value of beauty than the entertainment industry. Beautiful people are what advertisers are looking for, and the income of beautiful people is almost directly proportional to their beauty. Although they also need some real skills to make a lot of money, it is easier for beautiful people to succeed than those who are not beautiful. For example, as actors, the acting skills of some handsome guys and beautiful celebrities are not top-notch, but they still have a lot of opportunities to appear on camera because they are beautiful. People who like to watch the movies they act in mostly go there for their beauty. Naturally, I won’t care too much about their acting skills. Because beauty makes people feel happy, and pleasant things can be converted into value. From being models to acting on television, to singing songs and endorsing products, their income is much higher than that of ordinary people. The people watching are willing, the people giving the money are also willing, and the people acting are naturally more willing. In contrast, those actors who are not beautiful enough can only go in the wrong direction, or simply develop in the opposite direction, using ugliness as beauty, so ugly that people will never forget it. This is why ugly stars were once so popular; or they can take the hard route, Continuously improve your own internal strength and let the audience accept yourself rationally. However, taking these two paths is much more difficult than the former.

In fact, "beautiful women" have always affected social life. This is an objective phenomenon that does not depend on people's will.

In the past, "beauty" was often associated with "politics". Looking at the numerous historical facts about "beauty politics" in ancient times at home and abroad, everyone will suddenly realize that the power of beauties is so great that they can even change the past history.

Today, "beauty" is often tied to "economy". It is difficult for people to get a satisfactory explanation for the reasons behind this from traditional economists, and traditional economists either turn a blind eye to this or are unwilling to face it.

In fact, with the development of society and the advancement of democracy, beauties have gradually entered various fields such as economy and culture. They have shown their personal value in a broader world, expanding from "beauty politics" to "beauty politics". economy".

From "beauty politics" to "beauty economy", history has broadened the stage for beauties. This is a phenomenon of historical development, and to a certain extent, it also reflects the progress of society.

The famous birthplace of beautiful women in Chinese history has unexpectedly become a major reason for traveling. The hometowns of the four beauties have now become tourist attractions. Naturally, local governments also build memorial halls according to local conditions. Zhaojun's hometown has a specially built "Zhaojun's Former Residence"; Diao Chan's hometown raised funds to build the "Mizhi Celebrity Exhibition Hall"; Yang Guifei's hometown Rongxian is full of "concubines"; Xishi's hometown Zhuji has an inscription inscribed with Wang Xizhi, the great calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The original Huansha stone with the word "Huansha".

Beautiful women have more opportunities than women with mediocre looks. Generally speaking, being beautiful can bring luck and benefits to women that ordinary people cannot get: when you apply for a job, the interviewer will secretly help you. you are busy; your boss will try his best to place you close to him and let you do some light and relatively well-paid work; even though your foreign language skills are average, your manager will take you to study abroad or participate in foreign-related activities; you If you are unable to finish your work for some reason, your male colleagues will take the initiative to help...