Which countries still have castration?

The Czech Republic, now known as "chemical castration", is the only country in Europe that castrates sex offenders. "Chemical castration" belongs to endocrine therapy, also known as drug castration. Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) can stimulate the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH). The synthetic super-active LHRH analogue (LHRH A) can stimulate the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH) at the initial stage of medication, so that the LHRH receptor in the pituitary gland is down-regulated and the receptor is reduced, but the release of LH is inhibited, the production of testosterone is reduced, and finally the testosterone is reduced to castration level, thus achieving an effect similar to that of surgical castration, which is called drug castration. Drug castration is also the standard endocrine therapy for prostate cancer (see 2009).

The so-called chemical castration therapy is actually to inject estrogen (estrogen), antiandrogen (testicular inhibitor) or gonadal stimulating hormone inhibitor into habitual criminals, so that they lose their sexual impulse, stop erection and make the unique human reaction of men disappear. The Czech Republic is the only country in Europe that castrates sex offenders. In the past ten years (1998-2008), at least 94 criminals have been surgically castrated. Czech psychiatrists who supervise the execution process insist that this is the most successful way to relieve the sexual impulse of criminals with extreme sexual dysfunction. However, the Committee against Torture requested the Czech Republic to abolish such punishment for violent sex offenders.

Since the Council of Europe Committee against Torture declared castration to be "invasive, irreversible and destructive" in 2007, at present (2009), more and more European countries are considering chemical castration of violent criminals-using hormonal drugs to suppress sexual desire. The debate revolves around whose power is more important: a sex offender who is brutally punished or a society that expects to be protected.

Poland is expected to become the first country in the European Union to give judges the power to chemically castrate some pedophiles. Spain is also considering a plan to provide chemical castration after a child is killed by a pedophile. However, some psychiatrists point out that sexual pathology exists in the brain and cannot be treated by surgery. The controversy of "chemical castration" is that treatment may violate medical ethics and human rights.

South Africa: considered in the last century

In 1990s, South Africa was the country with the largest number of rape cases in the world. According to statistics, a rape case occurs every 12 minutes in South Africa on average. At that time, South Africa's law committee considered "chemical castration" of rape criminals-that is, forcing criminals to inject drugs mixed with hormones so that they could never get an erection.

Italy: Proposed the introduction of "chemical castration"

In June 2005, Roberto Cardet Raleigh, Italian minister of institutional reform and decentralization, proposed "chemical castration" of criminals, which drew condemnation from the opposition.

Calderoli issued a statement saying: "I think it is necessary to introduce' chemical castration' to sexual crimes." He also proposed forcibly expelling all illegal immigrants from Italy, saying that "it is not surprising that some people start lynching". Calderoli's statement immediately drew condemnation from Italian opposition politicians.

UK: Pilot will be launched.

In June 2007, British Home Secretary john reid announced that a pilot project would be launched to provide drugs for paedophiles to suppress sexual desire. Reed said that pedophiles can voluntarily participate in the treatment of controlling sexual impulses through hormones and antidepressants. The British media called this therapy "chemical castration".

He said: "This method has worked in Scandinavia and other regions, and it can reduce recidivism. But I emphasize that this cannot replace punishment or imprisonment. " In addition, at present, some states in the United States have made judgments, allowing criminals to choose between castration and life imprisonment.