I will come to Yahekou Reservoir all my life.

Thoughts on Youyahekou Reservoir

I never left home before I was ten years old. As a naked doll, I experienced two "grand" projects at my doorstep in the 1960s and 1970s.

One is the Wang Jiaying Reservoir, which was built by our village cadres in nearly ten years, and the other is the downhill slope of the watershed of Fangguai Highway. Thousands of cadres of Guaihe Commune fought for three years with steel drills.

A child as old as me learned to swim at the age of three or four. During summer and autumn holidays, they float in the water for more than three hours almost every day. Therefore, I am especially love the water. No matter where you go, you have to visit the reservoirs and bays there, or even swim in the water, which is a bit like "I will hit the water for three thousand miles, and I am confident that I will live to be 200 years old".

There are four national large reservoirs around Fangcheng County where I work: Yahekou, Yanshan and Shimantan. Nature is a good place for me to have fun, especially Yahekou Reservoir.

Corner of Yahekou Reservoir Area

Brief introduction of Yahekou Reservoir

Yahekou Reservoir, the scenery is infinitely beautiful!

Yahekou Reservoir is located in the hilly area of transition from Funiu Mountain to the south of Nanyang Basin.

Many peaks, such as Jiuli Mountain, Qingshan Mountain and Wuduo Mountain, in the remaining vein of Funiu Mountain stand tall in the northwest line. The distant mountains are gray, the peaks are staggered, the white water is boundless, the sky is blue and white, and birds are flying. Autumn water and the sky are the same color, sunset and lonely Qi Fei.

Look at the reservoir water, crystal clear, bright green water, shallow fish. The dam is more than 3,000 meters long, like a dragon crossing, magnificent, blocking clouds and rain, and the high gorge leads out of Pinghu. The classical pavilion at the top of the dam provides a good place for people to climb and overlook the lake, so that they can have a panoramic view of the lake.

The pine forest around the dam is hazy green, comparable to green reservoir water. Buildings such as flood gates, power stations and memorial pavilions hidden in green silk are fascinating. Looking to the southeast, it is the beautiful and healthy Nanyang Basin in Woye. "The scenery is really beautiful, the big scenery fills the sky, the morning plain smells, and the sunset hides the lake."

One kilometer downstream of the dam, the Liu Jiao Railway Bridge crosses the Baihe River and runs in a north-south direction. The train is like a dragon, roaring past, and the Wanluo provincial road is full of traffic and endless flow. There are towering chimneys and high-rise buildings in the Yahekou thermal power station. Lianhuachi hot spring is full of vegetation and soldiers. Putting wine in the breeze is refreshing and full of thoughts.

Yahekou Reservoir, the preparation for flood control and drought relief, brings together all the rivers. Pray for good weather and listen to the rich sea without waves. Looking at the blue sky, I feel the spring breeze and purple smoke.

1959 yahekou reservoir completion monument and inscription

Yahekou Reservoir, the merit lies in the present and the benefit lies in the future!

Walking around Yahekou Reservoir, the author learned from the words "Yahekou Reservoir Completion Monument" and "Yahekou Reservoir Danger Removal and Reinforcement Monument" that her project is grand.

Yahekou Reservoir is a large (medium) reservoir in the upper reaches of Baihe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River in the Yangtze River Basin. It is 35 kilometers away from Nanzhao County and 40 kilometers away from Nanyang City. It is one of the drinking water sources in Nanyang and the main flood control project on Baihe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River.

The reservoir is one of the large-scale reservoirs built according to the planning requirements of Tangbai River Basin, a tributary of the Han River, with a total storage capacity of1.31.60 billion cubic meters and a water surface area of about 1.20 square kilometers. It is a large-scale water conservancy hub which mainly focuses on flood control irrigation and takes into account the comprehensive utilization of power generation, aquaculture, urban water supply and tourism. It is the largest self-flow irrigation area in Henan Province and one of the top ten irrigation areas in China.

The dam project started on 1958, was intercepted by 1959, was used to stop flood and store water, and was reinforced for the first time by 1988-1992, 2009-201/kloc-

The reservoir controls the basin area of 3030 square kilometers. The total storage capacity is 654.38+32 million cubic meters, and the storage capacity of Li Xing is 745 million cubic meters. Yahekou Reservoir is located at the southern foot of the eastern end of Funiu Mountain in the north and at the junction of Henan and Hubei in the south. It is about 100 km long from north to south and 30 km wide from east to west, with a total area of about 2,400 square kilometers, and irrigates 35 towns and villages.

In June 2020, it was selected as the third batch of provincial water education bases.

The total installed capacity of Yahekou Reservoir is 1.32 million kilowatts, and the average power generation for many years is 35 million kWh. Moreover, Yahekou Reservoir has 10.95 million mu of fish culture water surface, and there are more than 20 kinds of freshwater fish resources.

Yahekou Reservoir is located in the hilly area of transition from Funiu Mountain to Nanyang Basin. There are many forks, grasslands, peninsulas or islands in the reservoir, and there are several virgin forests on the hills connecting the two banks.

1958, the Yangtze river basin planning office put forward a preliminary design report, which was designed according to the once-in-a-century flood, and the total storage capacity was12.25 million cubic meters after the once-in-a-century flood check. The dam is a sand shell dam with clay core wall, with a height of 32m, a length of 1 .400m and a breakwater height of1m..

The upstream is covered with clay to prevent leakage. There is an auxiliary dam at the left end, which is a homogeneous earth dam. The maximum dam height is10m, and the dam length is 300m. There are buried water tunnels at both ends of the main dam, the left tunnel is 3.5 meters in diameter, and the outlet is connected to the east main canal, with a flow rate of 25 cubic meters per second; The right water conveyance tunnel has a vertical diameter of 5 meters and a flow rate of 75 cubic meters per second.

The main spillway and the auxiliary spillway are both located on the right side of the dam, and the tailrace channels join into the Baihe River. The main spillway has a clear width of 48m, a four-hole gate, and the maximum flood discharge is 31.20m3/s. The auxiliary spillway is open with a clear width of 200m, and a clay inclined wall with a height of 3.5m is built to block the dam. When the incoming water once in 300 years overflows, the dam will burst and release water.

At that time, the headquarters of Yahekou Reservoir Project was established in Nanyang Administrative Office, and the construction team of more than 65,438+10,000 people in eight counties including Ministry of Water and Electricity, provinces, regions, Nanyang and Nanzhao was organized, which was completed in 1965. 1964? The left bank power station was built in 1967 and the right bank power station was built in 198 1. The total investment of the above projects is 58.93 million yuan.

1975 After the flood, it is a temporary safe flood season. 1975 winter? In the spring of 1976, the bottom of the auxiliary spillway was lowered by 6 meters, the height of the inclined wall was changed to 9 meters, and the height of the upper breakwater was 1 meter. There is a 24-hole explosion chamber at the top of the dam. When a once-in-300-year flood occurs, the dam will be blocked by blasting to discharge the flood.

Because of the great threat to the downstream, the Yangtze River Basin Planning Office compiled the reservoir reinforcement design according to the maximum flood control standard, raised the dam by 2.5 meters and built a new five-hole flood gate. 1980 started, which was postponed due to national economic adjustment.

1984 because the original design reinforcement standard is too high and the investment is too large, after many studies, the check flood standard is reduced to once every ten thousand years, and the dam is vertically raised by 2 meters and the dam height is 34 meters. The total storage capacity is1.31.600 million cubic meters.

Since the completion of the reservoir, the peak flow of more than 5000m3/s 1 1 time. 1975 flood, the maximum inflow peak flow 1 1700 m3/s, and the total flood reaches10.2 billion m3. Due to the storage of water in the reservoir, the maximum discharge is only 2290 m3/s, which reduces the flood peak by 80%, reduces the flood disaster in Nanyang city and downstream areas, and makes the railways and highways pass safely. The designed irrigation area of the reservoir is 265,438+10,000 mu, and the benefit has been 65,438+270,000 mu. The installed capacity of hydropower station11720kW, with an average annual power generation of 33.9 million kWh.

The land on both sides of the Baihe River is fertile. 14 century ago, the width of this river was only a few feet, and it could also irrigate the fields on both sides. According to the inscription in the Ming Dynasty, the banks of the Baihe River are "autumn wind and fragrant, fragrant everywhere". For many years, Baihe has nourished this fertile soil and nurtured generations on both sides of the strait.

However, the Baihe River will also be flooded by flash floods. According to historical records, disasters occurred almost every year in the Ming Dynasty for more than 500 years, especially 19 12,19, 193 1 these years,/kloc-0 was submerged.

After liberation, under the correct leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the people's government, people on both sides of the Baihe River have made great achievements in overcoming water disasters through active efforts. However, in case of catastrophic floods, it is still not exempt. The reservoir was built in 1958, in order to eradicate the Baihe flood and develop water conservancy. It has been stored for more than 60 years and has become a major architectural example and landscape in Nanyang, which can resist the once-in-a-thousand-year flood and become more and more beautiful.

She has withstood the test of flowering and fundamentally relieved the flood threat in the middle and lower reaches of the Baihe River. Two main canals, Baixiang and Yadong, with thousands of kilometers of branch canals, irrigate five counties10.3 million mu of fertile land. It has improved and beautified the ecological environment of Nanyang city and 35 towns, and has become a beautiful picture scroll carved by Nanyang people on their own hot land.

Nanyang people made up a doggerel, which is very interesting:

Duck River flows eastward, watering wheat and peas. Watered the peas for nine floors and the wheat for a head. This limerick is to praise the irrigation function of Yahekou Reservoir.

Yahekou Reservoir Danger Removal and Reinforcement Monument

Yahekou Reservoir in the Sunset

Yahekou Reservoir, fighting between heaven and earth, with eternal spirit!

1958, according to the "Three Owns" instructions of the CPC Central Committee, Henan Provincial Committee and Provincial People's Committee and the survey and planning design of the Yangtze River Basin Planning Office, Nanyang prefectural party committee and Nanyang Special Committee decided to build the Yahe Reservoir in the upper reaches of the Baihe River, and formally broke ground on1958+065438+1October 28th.

In order to ensure the smooth completion of this project, the project party committee and project headquarters are composed of provinces and colleges. Participating in the construction are the Water Conservancy Engineering Team of Henan Provincial Water Resources Department and members of people's communes in Nanyang, Fangcheng, Dengxian, Xinye, Tanghe, Biyang, Nanzhao and Zhenping, totaling more than 654.38+10,000 people. Under the correct leadership of the provincial party committee and prefectural party committee, we will adopt the construction policy of starting with indigenous methods and combining indigenous with foreign countries, and persist in developing a socialist labor competition with politics as the leading factor, the masses as the main body and technological revolution as the means.

One hundred thousand people are full of high spirits and energy, and their work efficiency and quality are increasing day by day. April 22 1959 The Baihe River was cut off and the dam was closed. On July 8th, the dam was completed to the safe flood retaining elevation175m, which tamed the flood. In the same year165438+1October 28th, the whole river dam was completed, basically meeting the requirements of the first anniversary of the reservoir. The reservoir was completed in July 1960, and many advanced units and model figures emerged during the construction.

At that time, the villagers in the flooded area of Yahekou Reservoir and the relocated households occupied by canal repair were all family members with noble spirits. New China has just been established, everything is ready, and life is hard. The state compensation standard is extremely low, and the people are suffering, but they have no complaints.

At that time, the level of productivity was extremely low, and no transportation machinery was excavated. All rely on carts to pull shoulders, and hundreds of migrant workers bring their own luggage, tools and rations. Under such difficult conditions, an earth-rock dam of 3000 kilometers was built. At that time, the cadres and the masses shared weal and woe and achieved amazing results.

The construction and completion of Yahekou Reservoir embodies the revolutionary optimism of people at that time.

Gate of Yahe Hydropower Station

No.2 spillway of Yahekou Reservoir

Yahekou Reservoir is full of thoughts!

Yahekou Reservoir is a microcosm of water control in New China. Standing on the dam of Yahekou, my thoughts are full and my heart is surging!

192 1 July, China * * * Production Party was established, and the establishment of New China created conditions for the great development of various undertakings. Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party in China, the cadres and the masses of our country have made joint efforts with water conservancy workers, and the water conservancy cause has made unprecedented brilliant achievements, which has provided strong support and guarantee for national development, national prosperity and people's happiness. On the occasion of the centenary birthday of the Chinese nation, this article reviews and praises the people's water control and water conservancy development.

The Chinese nation has a long history of water control, but restricted by natural conditions, productivity level and social system, serious floods and droughts have been plaguing the development of the country and the nation.

Wanli Yangtze River, a river of spring water, flows eastward. The Yangtze River is our mother river, but it is also a disaster river.

Floods in the history of the Yangtze River have always been known for their unruly and wanton cross-flow, which have brought endless disasters to people on both sides of the strait, especially the floods in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which have always been a major heart disease of the Chinese nation.

In four years, the Sanshui disaster, Wang Yang sea swallowed wealth. I have moved countless times in my life, and I have to wait for the weather to arrange it. This is a true portrayal of people's life in the flooded area of the Yangtze River.

In the flood of 193 1, the Yangtze River water rushed to Wuhan with the trend of wind and cloud, and the water was seven or eight feet high. For a time, houses collapsed, countless people drowned, and people and animals drifted, which was terrible.

In the flood of 1954, Wuhan built a 100-kilometer levee under the leadership of the party and saved Wuhan.

July 20 10, the upstream flood roared straight to the Three Gorges Reservoir. At that time, the inflow of the Three Gorges was 70,000 cubic meters per second, and the old people in Jiangtan Park in Hankou, Wuhan, were playing Tai Ji Chuan leisurely. Tourists stroll in Jiangtan Park and look down at the rolling river under their feet.

The flood disaster in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has been basically controlled. An Lan on the Yangtze River is due to the construction of water conservancy projects such as Three Gorges Reservoir, Jingjiang levee and Jiujiang levee, which not only prevent floods, but also integrate power generation, shipping, aquaculture and ecological protection. The majestic Three Gorges Dam has witnessed the changes of the times.

What kind of history is this? This is a history of the development of a country from poverty to prosperity, and a history of the revival of a nation from poverty to a well-off society in an all-round way!

"The Yellow River is peaceful and the world is peaceful" is a simple and beautiful vision of China people from generation to generation.

The Yellow River in history is a disaster river with "two breaches in three years". Due to the restriction of the development level of productive forces and social system, the Yellow River flooded frequently and suffered serious disasters in history.

1952, People's Victory Canal, the first irrigation project in the lower Yellow River, was built in Henan. Since then, the Yellow River Diversion Project has mushroomed on the Yellow River. The Xiaolangdi Water Control Project, which has raised the flood control standard of Huayuankou to once in a thousand years, has been completed and played a good role, which not only has remarkable flood control benefits, but also has realized the scouring and dredging of the downstream rivers through the continuous water and sediment regulation for 10 years, providing a strong guarantee for the people on both sides of the strait's production, life and economic and social development.

Today, the Yellow River has built a relatively complete flood control engineering system, which has reversed the sinister situation of frequent breaches and diversions in history, made outstanding contributions to the sustainable development of economy and society, and written a brilliant page in the history of Yellow River regulation.

The orderly response from Wang Yang area, whether it is the flood control of the Yangtze River or the flood control of the Yellow River in An Lan, is all attributed to the people's water conservancy construction, the construction of control water conservancy hubs such as the Three Gorges and Xiaolangdi, and the reinforcement of the main dikes of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, which have made outstanding contributions to the current year-round peace.

Between the lines of the history of water conservancy, we read the great achievements of people of all ethnic groups in building water conservancy.

Water control and great decompression in Yahekou Reservoir

A scene of Longquan Temple in the reservoir area

Overcome difficulties and control water by spectrum.

History will not forget. Before the founding of New China, poor and weak, the mountains and rivers were broken, the water system was disordered, the rivers were left unattended for a long time, dikes burst, and water conservancy facilities were few and incomplete.

There are only 22 large and medium-sized reservoirs, some ponds and small reservoirs, and only 42,000 kilometers of river embankments on the vast territory. Almost all rivers lack water conservancy projects. Frequent floods and droughts make people live in dire straits.

History will be remembered by more people. After the founding of New China, our party attached great importance to river regulation and water conservancy construction, and put water conservancy construction in an important position to restore and develop the national economy. President Mao Zedong issued the call of "Huaihe River must be built", "Yellow River must be treated" and "Haihe River must be eradicated", and water conservancy construction in China is surging.

At the beginning of its establishment, the young river fire concentrated its limited financial resources on water conservancy projects related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and managed rivers and lakes such as Huaihe River, Haihe River, Yellow River and Yangtze River. A number of important water conservancy facilities, such as Huaihe River Regulation Project, Jingjiang Flood Diversion Project, Guanting Reservoir and Sanmenxia Water Control Project, have been built one after another, which has opened a new chapter in water conservancy construction in new China.

After the reform and opening up, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to water conservancy construction, put water conservancy in the first place in the national economic infrastructure construction, greatly increased investment, and the pace of water conservancy construction was obviously accelerated, and a large number of key water conservancy projects such as the Three Gorges, Xiaolangdi, Huaihe and Taitai were started.

After 1998 flood, the central government decided to further strengthen water conservancy construction. The reinforcement project of the main dyke of the Yangtze River and the standardized dyke construction in the lower reaches of the Yellow River started in an all-round way, and all the key projects for harnessing the Huaihe River were completed. The world-renowned South-to-North Water Diversion Project and a large number of key projects such as Nierji, Baise, Zipingpu, Zaoshi and Shapotou Water Control Project have started one after another. At the same time, large-scale water conservancy projects such as reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs, water-saving renovation of irrigation areas and soil and water conservation have been implemented.

Since the founding of New China more than 70 years ago, the state has invested trillions of yuan in water conservancy construction, and the scale and quantity of water conservancy projects have leapt to the forefront of the world. The water conservancy project system was initially formed, and the river regulation achieved remarkable results. According to statistics, up to now, more than 87,000 reservoirs of various types have been built in China, and the length of dikes is more than 300,000 kilometers.

1998 After the flood, Several Opinions of Central the State Council on Post-disaster Reconstruction, River and Lake Renovation and Water Conservancy Construction were issued. Closing hillsides to plant trees and returning farmland to forests; Leveling embankments and flooding, returning farmland to lakes; Work for relief, immigrants to build towns; Dredging and removing obstacles, dredging rivers and lakes ... A series of new policies, new arrangements and new measures of the central government on water conservancy work have guided the continuous development of water conservancy work.

From man's conquest of nature to the harmony between man and water, from flood control to flood control, from man and water competing for land to paying attention to the way out of flood, on the new voyage led by the central water conservancy policy, water conservancy workers insist on the combination of people-oriented, scientific prevention, legal prevention, comprehensive prevention, flood control and drought relief, and promoting benefits and eliminating pests, thus ensuring the An Lan of rivers.

Over the past 70 years, the backward situation of river flooding and flood flooding in old China has been fundamentally reversed, and the situation of "a minor disaster every two years and a major disaster every three years" in the early days of the founding of New China has been completely shaken off. Great achievements have been made in flood control and disaster reduction.

We have accumulated valuable experience in flood control practice in fighting against storms and floods. Since the founding of New China, the people of China have successively defeated Jianghuai/KOOC-0/954, Huanghe/KOOC-0/958, Haihe/KOOC-0/963, Jianghuai/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/,Zhujiang/KOOC-0/994 and Songhuajiang Nenjiang/KOOC-.

The Battle of Elk and the Battle of Tangjiashan created a miracle to deal with large-scale dammed lakes in the world, and won a great victory in the earthquake relief struggle of Wenchuan water conservancy in Sichuan. The drinking water problem of more than 9.5 million people in the disaster area was solved in time, and no dam broke in more than 2,400 earthquake-damaged reservoirs and 800 earthquake-damaged hydropower stations, and no dam broke in more than 1000 kilometers. Tangjiashan et al. 105 The danger of the dammed lake has been properly resolved.

In the fierce battle of Bailong River, according to the principle of safety, science and speed, measures such as digging and blasting were taken for more than 20 days, and the emergency disposal of Zhouqu dammed lake in Gansu Province and the dredging and dredging of silted river in Bailong River were successfully completed.

Struggle hard again and again, overcome difficulties again and again, take the concept of governing for the people and the spirit of respecting science, lead the people to write a great chapter of majestic mountains and rivers, and lead the water conservancy people to create miracles one after another with wisdom and loyalty.

From the past "small floods" and big floods to the orderly response to "small floods", the rivers of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River in An Lan witnessed the brilliant achievements of the new China water conservancy; Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, Xiaolangdi of the Yellow River ... One key project after another in New China has built one monument after another to control water.

This is not only a flood control project, but also a popular project to protect and improve people's livelihood.

Water treatment makes the world better. After more than 70 years of unremitting efforts, the floods in big rivers have been well controlled, the An Lan of the country has been basically realized, and the people have lived and worked in peace and contentment, becoming rich and heading for a well-off society.

After a hundred years of trials and hardships, the river surged, and the deceased was like a husband. The pace of water control and water development never stopped.

After a hundred years of hard work, new achievements have been made in water conservancy construction.

Be in power for the people for a hundred years, maintain peace in all directions, and build rivers and An Lan.

In May, 20021,leaders inspected Taocha Canal Head and Danjiang Reservoir Area of Nanyang South-to-North Water Diversion Project, summed up six valuable experiences, arranged six key tasks and put forward two requirements, which pointed out the direction for the construction of this water conservancy project, and the people never relaxed.

I believe that the new China's water conservancy cause will be even more brilliant! Long live the great people of China! Pay tribute to the water conservancy workers who have made great contributions to the water conservancy construction in New China!

* Author Wang: A native of Guaihe Town, Fangcheng County, Henan Province, a member of Henan Calligraphers Association, works in Shi Zhi Sub-district Office of Fangcheng County. Columnist of Green Eyes Plus qyyjtcq.