What kind of society does Zhu Yuanzhang want to build?

As we all know, Zhu Yuanzhang was a peasant emperor in the history of China. When he was a child, his family was poor and his father starved to death. And there is not even a place to bury after death. So after he unified the world, he wanted to let the peasants live a good life.

1

Giving each farmer a field is the first step.

First, the landlord was deprived of his land, and then a national immigrant like us Three Gorges immigrants was engaged. During his reign, * * * organized13 million immigrants, all of which were organized by the state. It can be seen that the scale is large.

After the landlord's land was deprived, every farmer was given land, and the society in the early Ming Dynasty finally tended to the ideal state in Zhu Yuanzhang's mind. At this time, there were only more than 14 thousand large households with more than seven hectares of land in the empire. At that time, the total number of households in the empire was about 9.5 million, and the larger landlords only accounted for 15% of the total number of households, and more than 90% of the empire were small farmers.

On this basis, Zhu Yuanzhang began to build his own ideal society.

What is this society like? At least the standard sign is: everyone has food and everyone has clothes.

2

In order to solve the problem of food and clothing for the people, Zhu Yuanzhang issued a hard order in the first year of his reign (that is, the first year of Hongwu), asking the empire to implement it uniformly: "Where farmers have five to ten acres, half an acre will grow mulberry, hemp and kapok. If there are more than ten acres of land, the planting area will double. Officials at all levels should personally inspect them, and punish them for not planting mulberry trees and for not planting numb cotton. "

You see, this is a typical planned economy, and it is a relatively simple and rude planned economy.

In the early days of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Yuanzhang made great achievements in economic construction by this highly planned and mandatory command. In a few years, the output of mulberry, hemp and kapok in the empire has increased several times, effectively solving the problem of food and clothing for the people.

He also stipulated a very low agricultural tax rate to effectively reduce the burden on the people. A few years later, grain production resumed, and the extremely poor population was eliminated on a large scale, which basically solved the problem of people's feeding.

three

However, this rough planned economy is too centralized and unified, which has also brought some negative effects.

With such a large area, China has a great difference in climate between the north and the south. Some places are not suitable for planting mulberry, hemp and kapok.

No matter whether this place is suitable for planting, he ordered the whole country to plant what is not suitable and asked every farmer to plant it in proportion.

Otherwise, punitive taxation is essential.

According to the current level of understanding, Zhu Yuanzhang will definitely not issue such a planting plan, and will definitely make more places suitable for planting mulberries, such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Like Fujian, the climate and land conditions are not suitable for growing cotton and mulberries, but silk cloth and cotton cloth are still needed.

But at that time, his rude way was still effective. There are two main reasons: First, the poor transportation conditions make the national logistics unable to flow smoothly. For example, silk produced in Zhejiang cannot be shipped to all parts of the country; Second, he destroyed the merchant's industry. He thinks that businessmen can't live in vain. Without businessmen, things can't be exchanged.

four

Another sign of Zhu Yuanzhang's ideal society is his concern for the disadvantaged groups.

Zhu Yuanzhang's humble birth in his early years made him deeply aware of the hardships and pains of displacement. After he acceded to the throne, he said to his subordinates many times: "the Federation is the master of the world, and it is the responsibility of the Federation for all of us who have problems."

Look at this pattern, this responsibility.

Whenever there was a famine, Zhu Yuanzhang was uneasy, and the memory of the famine was firmly engraved in his mind. He said: "Lian often thinks of poverty, suffering from famine and hunger, and often living on wild vegetables." Now you are the son of heaven, rich in the world, and you have never forgotten it for a day. "

He opened a warehouse and helped people without stint. He stipulated: "If there is a flood and drought disaster in a place, if the local officials don't report it and the people are not allowed to complain, I will put the official to death."

He killed many officials because he concealed the disaster and failed to provide relief.

He is extremely uneasy about his subordinates at ordinary times, so he should ask for instructions before acting. It is only stipulated that relief victims can act first and then report. In other words, disaster relief can be done first.

In case of disaster, all taxes are free.

Even in years without famine, he will reduce or exempt agricultural taxes in some poor areas. Similar to the current targeted poverty alleviation.

five

He also established institutionalized welfare relief facilities.

He ordered the establishment of "Huimin pharmacies" in various places, and all the soldiers and civilians who were sick and had no money for treatment received medical treatment. Is it a bit like the "free medical care" that we have been expecting now?

Because he has been a tramp, he knows something about the suffering of the homeless. He ordered the establishment of "nursing homes" in various places so that the poor could not afford to live in hospitals. Give three buckets of rice a month, with a salary of 20 Jin, a cloth for winter and summer, and more than two-thirds for children. Is it a bit like the current minimum living allowance? Or better yet.

These welfare facilities helped the people solve the difficulties of birth, illness, death and illness that could not be solved by individuals in the old dynasty, ensured the survival of the most vulnerable groups in society to a certain extent, and showed that Zhu Yuanzhang never forgot his true imperial qualities.