Historical evolution of Xinbaolag Town

The history of Xinbaola can be traced back to the Dayan Khan period of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in the 15th century AD. From 1480 to 1517, Dayan Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty unified all Mongolian tribes. In order to consolidate the Khan's throne, Dayan Khan adjusted the feudal ruling order and merged the small domains of the previous feudal lords in Mongolia into six thousand households, one of which was Chahar Ten Thousand Households. Dayan Khan stationed his tent in the Chahar Ten Thousand Houses Territory (today's Xilingol League area) and commanded thirty thousand households on the left wing. He sent his third son to garrison in the Ordos Ten Thousand Household Territory and commanded thirty thousand households on the right wing.

After Dayan Khan, the fifth spread came to Lin Dan. Lin Dan Khan tried to inherit Dayan Khan's cause and unify all Mongolian tribes. In the winter of 1631, he led his army to attack the Alhorqin tribe and reached the north bank of the Xilamulun River in the southeast of the Xing'an Mountains. In 1632, Emperor Taiji of the Later Jin Dynasty assisted the Alukorqin tribe, but Lin Dan Khan was defeated and retreated to Guihua City (today's Hohhot).

After Huang Taiji conquered Chahar Mongolia in the early Qing Dynasty, in order to meet the needs of the court and princes for meat and milk, he established small herds of horses, cattle, and sheep on the pastureland of Chahar Mongolia. group. After 1675, the Qing government transferred herders from various Chahar banners and expanded the small horse herds, cattle herds, and sheep herds established in the early Qing Dynasty into four large pastures. Namely: Shangdu herd (originally called Dama herd), Ming'an herd (originally called cattle and sheep herd), Taipusi left herd and Taipusi right herd. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government implemented the "immigration to solidify the border" policy in Mongolia, moving a large number of Han farmers from the interior to the border areas for cultivation, hoping to strengthen border defense through settlement. As a result, the Chahar grassland has been reclaimed into farmland in large quantities, and the pastures have become smaller and smaller, forcing herders to gradually move northward.

In October 1911, the Revolution of 1911 broke out and the Qing government was overthrown. In April 1912, Yuan Shikai stole the post of interim president of the Republic of China. In 1914, the Republic of China divided Inner Mongolia into three special regions: Jehol, Chahar, and Suiyuan. At the same time, a large number of farmers continued to be relocated to the Chahar Grassland to carry out large-scale reclamation, and a bureau of reclamation and reclamation was established as a management agency for recruiting inland farmers and organizing reclamation. By the early 1930s, the original Xinbaola towns and Shangdu herds had moved to the north of today's Shangdu County and Huade County.

In 1928, the National Government changed the Chahar Special Region into Chahar Province. In the same year, the Zhangjiakou Dutong Prefecture converted the herds in the Chahar area into provincial model pastures, and the Shangdu herds among them were converted into the first provincial model pasture. In March 1934, the "Mongolian Local Autonomy Government Affairs Committee" (referred to as the "Mongolian Government Affairs Council") headed by Demuchuk Donglu was established. In 1935, the Mongolian Political Council changed Shangdu Herds to Shangdu Banner. In the same year, the Japanese invading army invaded and occupied the Chahar area. October 1937. The pseudo "Mongolian Union Autonomous Government" was established. Later, the Ming'an herd was changed to the Ming'an Banner.

On August 15, 1945, China’s Anti-Japanese War was victorious. In December, Communist Party member Chen Bingyu and others were sent to develop work in Shangdu Banner and Xinbaola towns. In early 1946, branches and democratic governments of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement Federation were established in the towns of Shangdu Banner and Xinbaola respectively. In May 1947, Mugdenbao, the former general manager of each town in Xinbaola, and the upper-level lama of Shangdu Banner, Luobu Shengchoekyi Nyima, launched a rebellion with the support of the Kuomintang. The branches of the two banners and the democratic government were overturned. In July, the Working Committee of the Chahar League of China sent Deputy League Leader Ramuzhabu to lead some cadres and soldiers to various towns in Xinbaola to organize revolutionary activists and establish a banner people's government. In August, with the help of the 11th Cavalry Division of the Inner Mongolia Self-Defense Army, Shangdu Banner also established the Banner People's Government and the Self-Defense Force. At the same time, due to work needs, the Chahar League Working Committee divided the towns of Shangdu Banner, Xinbaola and Ming'an Banner's third and fourth divisions (formerly Xianghuangyangqun) into a work area and dispatched Communist Party members Chilu Bagan and Zamusurong went to Shangdu Banner and Xinbaola towns to take charge of party affairs.