Zhenjiang is a city of poets and heroes.

Back to 5,000 years ago, the Yangtze River merged into the sea in Zhenjiang, and the smoke outside Zhenjiang was vast. Until the Han Dynasty, the estuary was still in Zhenjiang. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it became the intersection of the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal. By the eighth century in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the tide could still be traced back to here, attracting literati to watch the tide on the mountain. Next, I will take you to Zhenjiang, a city of poets and heroes. I hope it helps you.

After that, the channel of the Yangtze River changed again and again, and the alluvial fans and sandbars accumulated in the lower reaches also made the estuary move eastward until today's Chongming area in Shanghai.

However, Zhenjiang has always had a vast river surface, and an important Yangtze River ferry-Xijin Ferry has been formed here. Now, the bustling ancient ferry is 4 kilometers away from the existing Yangtze River waterway, which has been abandoned as a pier for more than 100 years, but the regulations of that old street are still intact.

Today, the streets of Zhenjiang look not much different from other booming medium-sized cities, but a little outside the city, there are still fascinating weather on the three famous mountains-Jiao Shan, Jinshan and Beigushan. Surrounded by rivers and lakes, these three mountains look charming and colorful. In recent years, the vast river surface has been separated by an artificial long dike. On the one hand, it is still a mighty river, and on the other hand, it is closed into a huge Jinshan Lake, which surrounds Jinshan and reproduces the legendary scene of water flooding Jinshan. Although the high-rise buildings in the distance have somewhat destroyed the landscape, it is only here that we can vaguely touch the' urban forest' scene written by Mi Fei, and we can't help but think of the phrase' gone forever, the waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic figures'. "

What surprises visitors for the first time is that the three famous mountains are only pocket-sized. Beigushan is only over 50 meters high, Jinshan is only over 60 meters high, and the most magnificent Jiao Shan is only 150 meters. In the eyes of northerners, it is just three big mounds. However, once the folds of history are lifted, people have to believe that behind every stone here, countless literati and heroes may stand.

1 Jinshan Beigushan, what happened in ancient and modern times?

"Where to see China, full of beautiful buildings, how many ups and downs through the ages, leisurely, endless Yangtze River rolling. Who is the hero of the world and who is the opponent? Cao Liu! Children should be like Sun Zhongmou. " During his tenure as the magistrate of Zhenjiang, Xin Qiji climbed Beigu Mountain twice, and both times wrote down the masterpieces of Huaigu Gubei Pavilion. This song "Nanxiangzi Jingkou Dengting Nostalgia" is one of them. Su Dongpo came to Zhenjiang eleven times before and after and wrote more than 100 poems and songs. Liu Yong also had a soft spot for Zhenjiang, and he died in Beigushan. It is said that when Liu Bei came to Beigushan to meet his wife, he blurted out "the best mountain in the world". Liang Wudi later felt the same way when boarding the plane, and wrote these five words in front of Kanluoji.

It was from the Three Kingdoms period that Zhenjiang began its prosperity mode, and it ushered in all-round glory in the Six Dynasties. Zhenjiang has been written into history frequently, and it is inextricably linked with Beigushan. Located in the north of Zhenjiang, Beigushan looks like a beautiful island in the middle of the river. At first glance, it's really hard to imagine that Sun Quan built the Iron Wall Iron Wengcheng in this small place, and based on this, he achieved the hegemony of Jiangdong. The story of Liu Bei's marrying Sun Quan and losing his wife and soldiers also happened here. Later, Sun Quan teamed up with Liu Bei to attack Cao Cao, and Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang made a plan to burn the Red Cliff with garlic mountain, winning Battle of Red Cliffs with fewer victories and laying the foundation for the tripartite confrontation among the three countries. Garlic Mountain is very close to Xijindu, and there is already a flowing road at the foot of the mountain. Not as famous as Sanshan, it looks shorter, more than 30 meters. If it weren't for the easy mention of the tour guide, most people couldn't imagine that this corner was also full of historical footprints.

Jinshan, located in the northwest corner of Zhenjiang, is a hill only 60 meters high, not a hill. However, Jinshan is indeed an out-and-out symbol of Zhenjiang. It is not only printed on balsamic vinegar as a trademark, but also widely known because the White Snake is covered in water. Besides the legend of the white snake, the Jinshan Temple on the mountain is also worthy of attention in the architectural history. Jinshan Temple was built 1600 years ago. The attic of trees is uneven, almost covering the mountain, and you can only see the mountain from the other side. This is the famous "Miaoshan" in architecture. Jinshan Temple is also an authentic Zen Temple. All the temples in China face north, but Jinshan Temple faces the western paradise. The architectural style of Jinshan Temple, which is built on the mountain and integrated with the mountain and temple, directly affected the construction of Potala Palace. Later, during the construction, Buddha Pavilion refers to Potala Palace, and chengde mountain resort refers to Buddha Pavilion. These buildings are brilliant works in the history of architecture.

2 Xijindu, see all the prosperity of 3000.

Zhenjiang Xijindu Ancient Street, also known as Song and Yuan Ancient Street, is located at the foot of Yuntai Mountain in the west of the city. Built on the mountain, it is the most complete, concentrated and well-preserved area of Zhenjiang cultural relics. Walking into Xijindu is like walking into the old days. In addition to the shops along the street, there are residents here. There is a serene grandfather sitting on the street to rest, and the people who slowly walk out of the background light in the alley will make people feel trance in an instant, as if they were coming from the depths of history.

Xijindu has always been an important ferry of the Yangtze River waterway. It was founded in the Six Dynasties, and it took five generations to form its present scale. Grain, military forces, balsamic vinegar, salt, businessmen, officials and poets of all previous dynasties landed here, including Mi Fei, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Lu You, Liu Yong, Li Bai, Liu Yuxi, Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Wang Changling and Bai. Or linger, even live here for decades and be buried here after death.

There is a deep rut in the middle of the stone road in Xijindu, which is a true portrayal of the prosperity of the ferry in that year. Vinegar, grain, salt and various commodities and products are all transported to the dock along this road, and the rut is getting deeper and deeper over time. After the Qing Dynasty, the Yangtze River moved northward and Xijindu was closed. Because the crossing lines in different periods are staggered due to the swing of the routes, the coastlines of Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties have been discovered through archaeological excavations. The paving styles of these coastlines are layered and presented under a glass cover, so that tourists in the past can see through the Millennium prosperity of this ferry at a glance.

When you come to Zhenjiang, you can't help eating a bowl of "pot cover noodles", which is a kind of noodles with strong sauce flavor. Why does an ancient town in the south of the Yangtze River become popular with northerners' favorite noodles? This should be related to the first large-scale population migration in the history of China. After the national subjugation of the Western Jin Dynasty, the whole country was plunged into a war for more than 300 years, which was called the Eight Kings Rebellion in history. People in Youzhou, Qingzhou, Bingzhou, Jizhou, Yanzhou and Xuzhou (now Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and other places) crossed the river to avoid chaos. Because they are looking forward to returning to their hometown as soon as possible, most of them settle in cities on the south bank of the Yangtze River, and the number of foreigners in Zhenjiang even exceeds that of local residents. Most of them came ashore from Xijin ferry, and they brought the northern language and eating habits to Zhenjiang. Although Zhenjiang and Yangzhou are separated by a river, their languages are quite different. Different from Yangzhou, Zhenjiang dialect is more complicated, with traces of Wu dialect and the influence of Beijing dialect.

Xijindu Street still retains a complete life-saving meeting site, which was rebuilt during Guangxu period. Before the Qing Dynasty, the river between Jingkou and Guazhou was more than forty miles wide. Every time there are strong winds and waves, ships often capsize and passengers fall into the water. In the Song Dynasty, the government began to build part-time ferry boats that could ferry people and save people. During the orthodox period of the Ming Dynasty, two lifeboats were specially built, more than 30 sailors were recruited from the society, and the pier stone embankment was rebuilt, so that the lifeboats could go straight to the pier and become a real professional rescue force in the Yangtze River. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Jinshan Temple and local gentry also raised funds to build a number of life-saving red boats. The red boat is bright red, and the bow is engraved with the head of a tiger. At that time, checkpoints were set up in many places on the river, and the red boat was unimpeded because of its special signs. When the red boat was dispatched to rescue, the gongs and drums were loud all the way, which was exciting. In the forty-second year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Jingkou Life-saving Society was established as a non-governmental organization established in Zhenjiang to salvage sunken ships and save lives. The locals are very proud of this. Old Zhenjiang will tell you that they have the earliest lifeguards in the world.