The Qin Dynasty made outstanding contributions to transportation development and analyzed its positive role.

As early as the beginning of Qin Shihuang's unification of the six countries, in order to form a land transportation network centered on Xianyang, based on the domestic transportation routes that were naturally formed due to economic exchanges in the past, a link from Xianyang was built. The land transportation trunk lines to all parts of the country are Chidao and Straight Road. In the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang (221 BC), the six kingdoms were unified. The following year, he ordered the "governing of Chi Dao" nationwide. Chidao was built on more than one route. Chidao was built in most of the places where the First Emperor passed during his tours across the country. Therefore, the "Book of Han Jia Shan Zhuan" records that he said in "Zhi Yan": The First Emperor "in order to travel across the world, Yan and Qi were isolated in the east, Wu and Chu in the South Pole, above the rivers and lakes, and on the seashore, he finally arrived. "According to "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin", in the twenty-seventh year, the First Emperor "toured the western and northern regions of Longxi and came out of Jitou Mountain and passed by Zhongyan." In the twenty-eighth year, "the First Emperor traveled eastward to prefectures and counties. He set up a stone on Mount Zou Feng...then went up to Mount Tai and set up a stone." In the same year, he "went to the east of Bohai, crossed Huangxu Mountain, climbed up the mountain, set up a stone to praise Qin Deyan, and then went south to climb Langye. "Langye Tower, immediately stone." In the same year, "The First Emperor returned to Pengcheng... He crossed the Huaihe River in the southwest, went to the Fujiang River in Nanjun, and returned from Nanjun to Wuguan." In the 19th year, "The First Emperor traveled eastward. When he arrived at the Bolang Sands in Yangwu, he was frightened by thieves. ... He climbed up and carved the stone. ... Swirled around, and then the Langye was attacked, and the party on the road entered." In the thirty-second year, " The First Emperor's Jieshi...carved the Jieshi Gate. "In the thirty-seventh year, the First Emperor traveled,...went to Yunmeng,...went to the bottom of the Floating River, visited Ji River, and crossed to Danyang to Qiantang. Lining Zhejiang,... we go up to Kuaiji to pay homage to Dayu, and look towards the South China Sea. We then cross the river and cross the sea to Langya in the north... and then we reach Zhifu. ,... then he merged with Haixi and reached Pingyuanjin and became ill. "It can be seen from this that the general route of the First Emperor's patrol was from Longxi in the west, to the seaside in the east, to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Fujian in the southeast, to Hengshan in the south, and to Shangdang and Shangdang in the north. Drink stone. Wherever it goes, there must be a chidao building. It can be seen that at this time, a Chidao network running from Xianyang to the west, north, east, southeast and due south has been formed.

The scale of Chidao, "Daoguang is fifty years old, and there are trees three feet tall. It is thickly built outside, with golden vertebrae hidden, and the trees are green pines. This is the beauty of Chidao." Because of Chidao. The construction was so majestic and solid that it was still intact in the Han Dynasty, and even in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the ruins were still preserved. Gu Zuyu once said: "There is a Chi Road in Lingling County, Yongzhou Prefecture, Huguang, which is more than five feet wide and is similar to a large river. "Historical Records" states that Qin Shihuang ordered the world to build Chi Road in preparation for traveling. This is its old trace." From this, not only can we It can be seen that the construction of Chidao is strong and long-lasting, and it also shows that Chidao was built in places where the First Emperor did not visit, both in the south and the north, without exception. Therefore, "Jin Shu Geography" records that when the First Emperor established prefectures and counties in the south, he also opened this passage, "from the north to the south. The road to Vietnam must pass through Lingqiao. There were five places at that time, so it was called Wuling." It can be seen that Chidao has also been built in the Jiaoguang area.

In addition to Chidao, Qin Shihuang also built a "straight road" directly to Xianyang. Yidao was built in the 35th year of the First Emperor (212 BC). History says that in this year the First Emperor "removed the Dao, and the Dao Jiuyuan arrived at Yunyang, and the mountains and valleys were directly connected to it." "Historical Records Chronology of the Six Kingdoms" and "Biography of Meng Tian" both say: "The road leads to Jiuyuan, leading to Ganquan" or "directly to Ganquan", because Ganquan Palace is in Yunyang. According to "The Biography of Meng Tian", Meng Tian presided over the battle to build a straight road. The Taoist priest "has not completed the road after thousands of miles," and it seems that it was not completed. However, after the death of the First Emperor in the sand dunes in the thirty-seventh year of his reign (210 BC), he "arrived from Jingxing to Jiuyuan... and walked along the straight road to Xianyang to mourn", indicating that although this road was not completely completed, it was already capable of driving vehicles. , according to the above records, it shows that the "straight road" is different from the "chi road" in that its route is straight, the distance is short and the speed is fast, so it must be "cutting mountains and burying valleys" during construction. After the death of the First Emperor, the reason why his body traveled from the plains to Jingxing and into present-day Shanxi was to take the straight road from Jiuyuan to Ganquan Palace to speed up the journey. The reason why the First Emperor built a fast track from Ganquan to Maruhara is probably related to Kitabihu's strategic conception.

The above-mentioned Chidao and Zhidao built by Qin Shihuang were still further constructed by the time of Qin II, so it was called "Zhizhi and Chidao" by the second generation of Qin Dynasty in history.

At the same time, he also "traveled eastward to prefectures and counties, from Li Sixong to Jieshi, and from Hainan to Kuaiji, carving all the stones built by the First Emperor."

In addition to straight roads and Chi roads, as early as the time of King Hui of Qin, in order to develop Bashu, the "Stone Cow Road" was also built based on the suggestions of Zhang Yi, Sima Cuo and others. During the reign of King Zhao of Qin, Prime Minister Fan Ju also suggested building a "thousand-mile plank road in Shuhan". This kind of plank road is also called the "Five-foot Road". "Historical Records·Suoyin" states that the name "Wuchi Road" comes from the reason that "the plank road is five feet wide".