Historical origin of Han surname in Handikou, hua county

In terms of population, Han's surname ranks 26th in China and has the greatest influence in Shandong, Hebei and Henan. Today, the total population of Han surname is about 7.6 million, accounting for 0.6 1% of the national population.

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Han's name and totem

Han's name

The original glyph of Han is composed of Shu Hewei, and a "person" is added to the upper right of the traditional Chinese character "Han". Later, the popular writing was omitted, and it was simplified into the present glyph. There are "people" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Han Jinwen.

Han totem

This is a word that describes how the sun shines when it just rises. Wei's original meaning is that Wei's hides can be tied. Ancestors stripped fur from wild animals, dried it in the shade, tanned it into leather, and then wrapped it around human bodies. Because the ancestors thought that fur was wrapped on the carcasses of wild animals, Pi Zha could be put up after tanning, which could correct the mistakes of the objects, so they borrowed the word fur tail. Then, people who can wear such skins must be very energetic and attractive. The original meaning of Han is the skill of tanning leather and processing leather clothes. The Han clan takes tanning profession as its original totem, and Han as its name and emblem. Especially in the north, Koreans are admired and valued by people, so they left many place names with Han nationality, and finally established a country with Han nationality as their surname.

The Origin and Evolution of Han Surnames

There are two main branches of Han surnames that constitute the contemporary Han nationality: Dong surnames and Ji surnames.

Originated in Dong Shi.

Later Levin's Zhuan Xu. Hui Lian, the second son of Lu Zhong, is also known as Dong. Hu Kun first lived in Korea, that is, Han Yang in the south of Yongji County in the lower reaches of Fenhe River, and his descendants became the Korean clan in Dong Shi. Korean Wave is the earliest celebrity among the Han surnames in China, and it is said that it is a descendant of Changyi, the youngest son of the Yellow Emperor. Changyi is the ancestor of Emperor Zhuan Xu, and Korean Wave comes from Dong's Han nationality. South Korea was a vassal state in the Xia Dynasty, and it died in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and its descendants took the country as their surname. This is Dong's Han. Dong surnamed Han has a history of at least 4000 years. The clansmen passed the Hanling Mountain in Anyang, Henan, to Hancheng in Gu 'an, Hebei, to Changtu County, Liaoning, and then to the Korean Peninsula from Liaohe, becoming the ancestors of North Korea and South Korea.

zhuanxu

From Ji's surname

In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Wuwang was the fifth son in the old Hancheng, the land of ancient Korea, and the old city was named Ji Korea in the south of Yongji County in the lower reaches of Fenhe River in Shanxi Province. Now, South Korea was destroyed by the Jin State with the same surname, renamed as the food city of Han Wan, the son of uncle Qu Wo Huan, and the Koreans moved westward to the south of Hancheng, Shaanxi. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Han Wan's descendants, Zhao and Wei, carved up the State of Jin and became one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States. In 230 BC, it was destroyed by the State of Qin, and later generations took the country name Bill Han as their surname. Most contemporary Korean surnames come from Ji's surname Han, which has a history of at least 3,000 years.

Zhou Wuwang

Change one's surname from a foreign country

Korean surnames in China, like other surnames, are in constant communication with other ethnic groups, and their genes flow with each other. The main events are as follows: Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital to Luoyang in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, settled in the Central Plains, and changed the Great Khan (that is, the Budahan family) to the Han family, which was the lineage of the Xiongnu Gaoche people. In Qing Dynasty, Manchu Eight Banners were all changed to Han nationality. These ethnic minorities have lived together with the Han nationality for a long time and gradually assimilated into the local Han nationality.

The Distribution and Migration of Korean Surnames

Han, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

During the Han, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Han surname developed rapidly in Henan, especially in Yangzhai (now Yuxian County, Henan Province) and Nanyang, the ancient capital of South Korea, forming the famous Yingchuan Han surname. At the same time, the Han surname spread to the north, northeast, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Gansu, Sichuan and other places.

Song dynasty

During the Song Dynasty, there were about 640,000 Han surnames, accounting for 0.83% of the national population, ranking 23rd. The largest province of Korean surname is Henan, accounting for about 25.6% of the total population of Korean surname in China. The distribution of Han surnames in China is mainly concentrated in Henan, Hebei and Shaanxi, accounting for 64% of the total population of Han surnames in China, followed by Shandong, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Anhui provinces, where 24% of the population of Han surnames are concentrated. The country has formed two major gathering places of Korean surnames, with Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Shaanxi and Sichuan as the centers. Hunan and Guangdong were both sparsely populated areas with Han surnames.

the Ming Dynasty

During the Ming Dynasty, there were about 620,000 Han surnames, accounting for 0.67% of the national population, and it was the 29th surname in the Ming Dynasty. The net population growth rate of Song Yuanming in 600 years was 20%, and the population growth rate of Han surname was negative. In the past 600 years, the surname population of China and South Korea has decreased instead of increasing. In the face of war and massacre, the victims should first be the people whose main body is in the north, and the surname of Han is the surname of the north, which naturally loses the most. The distribution of Han surnames in China is mainly concentrated in Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hebei, Gansu and Zhejiang. The Han surnames in these six provinces account for about 70% of the total population of Han surnames, followed by Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces, where 14% of the population of Han surnames is concentrated. Shanxi and Shandong are the largest provinces with Han surnames, accounting for about 3 1% of the total population of Han surnames. Its population mainly migrates to the northwest, east and south. The country has re-formed three major regions where the population of Han surname is concentrated: Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi and Gansu, and Zhejiang and Jiangsu.

The distribution of Korean surnames

The population of contemporary Han surname has reached 7.6 million, ranking 26th in China, accounting for 0.6 1% of the national population. During the 600 years from the Ming Dynasty to the present, the population of Han surname has soared from 620,000 to 8.2 million, increasing by more than 13 times, and the growth rate of Han surname population is the same as that of the whole country. From the Song Dynasty to the present, the growth rate of surname population in China and South Korea in 1000 is ∨. At present, the distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Henan, Shandong and Hebei provinces, accounting for 35.6% of the total population of Han nationality, followed by Jiangsu, Liaoning, Anhui, Shanxi, Heilongjiang and Shaanxi, which account for 32% of the population of Han nationality.

Henan is the largest province with Korean surname in contemporary times, and the population of Korean surname accounts for 14% of the total population. The whole country has formed a pattern that centers on central Shandong and radiates to the southeast, northeast, northwest and east. The population of Han surname is gradually decreasing, and there are even fewer Han surnames in the provinces south of the Yangtze River. In the past 600 years, the population movement of Han surname has moved back strongly from southeast to Central Plains and North China, which is greater than that from north to southeast and south. At the same time, the Han people north of the Yellow River tend to emigrate to the northeast.

The distribution of Han surnames in the population is divided into high-frequency northern area, low-frequency southern area and western area based on the Yangtze River. In Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Beijing and Tianjin, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, Liaojihei, Ningxia in northern Shaanxi, northern Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, the proportion of Korean surnames in the local population is generally above 0.88%, and some of them reach 1.6%, accounting for about 27.8% of the total land area, and about 66.5% of Han surnames live there. In southern Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia, eastern Qinghai, northwestern Xinjiang, southern Anhui-Jiangsu, Shanghai, Hubei, Chongqing, northern Sichuan, northern Zhejiang-Jiangxi, northern Hunan-Guizhou and Hainan, the proportion of Korean surnames in the local population is generally 0.44%-0.88%, and its coverage area accounts for about 2 1% of the national territory.

Traditional culture of Han surname

Wang Jun and the name of a hall.

Counties with Han surnames mainly include Yingchuan, Nanyang and Changli. The Tang names of Han's surname mainly include Chuizhi, Painting Brocade, Rong, Rong, Shu Brocade, Zhuijin, Yin Fu, Gong Shou, Yong Si, He Ming and so on. The most famous is Changli Hall. The name of "Changli" is Han Yu, a great writer in the Tang Dynasty and a native of Heyang, Mengzhou. Because of his ancestral home in Yingchuan, he claimed to be Changli, and the world called Han Changli. He engaged in the ancient prose movement all his life, opposed the glitz of parallel prose, and advocated restoring the prose style in Qin and Han Dynasties. Historically, he was called "the decline of eight generations of literature", so he revived everyone. At the same time, Han Yu ranks first among the eight prose writers in Tang and Song Dynasties.

Couplets written on scrolls and hung on pillars in the hall

There are five important Zheng couplets:

The famous senior three elder sister; Eight families with literary crowns.

Bravely push and catch tigers; Stop riding a donkey.

The hall is opened with brocade; Collect incense.

Red leaves write poems, and they like to meet good friends; Bi Yu's seat is absolutely luxurious.

Han jiaxun

Han Yu, a famous scholar in Tang Dynasty, was the first to learn the family precepts of Han surname. He is proficient in the Six Classics and hundreds of books, especially prose. His writing style is vigorous, elegant and magnificent, and he is known as the "Korean" internationally, ranking first among the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. The essence of Han Yu's thought is to respect Confucianism and exclude Buddhism, take Confucian philosophy as the criterion of life, and actively advocate the sanctity of reading, so his precepts also focus on reading and understanding. He pointed out: "People can be human beings and have poetry books in their bellies. Poetry and books are diligent, but they are not diligent and empty. " He proposed: "Although the golden wall is a treasure, the cost is difficult to save. The ontology of knowledge is hidden, not just printed. " He warned: "People don't understand the present and the present, but they are arrogant." How much fame do you want if you fall into injustice? He stressed: "It will be difficult to know in the future." "Han Yu's family precepts show that only practice can gain true knowledge. Han Yu's family education thought has a far-reaching influence on later generations' teaching children to read.

A celebrity surnamed Han

Han Fei

Philosopher and originator of legalism at the end of the Warring States Period.

surname

Famous princes and generals in the early Han Dynasty

Han Qinhu

Sui dynasty generals

Han Yu

Tang dynasty writers

Han Xizai

Assistant minister of Zhongshu in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties

Han Qi

Celebrities in Northern Song Dynasty

Han Xianchu

* * * General of the Republic of China