What would happen if you poured a bucket of water on the surface of the moon?

The moon is the earth’s only natural satellite. Since ancient times, people have had a different feeling for the moon. They also dream that one day humans can land on the moon to see what the moon is like. This wish was realized soon after mankind entered the path of scientific and technological development.

In 1969, mankind achieved the first manned landing on the moon. Although there have been no manned landings on the moon for half a century, the research and exploration of the moon have never stopped. Today, there are many human detectors in the lunar orbit and on the lunar surface, all of which are conducting various explorations of the moon. my country's Chang'e-4 also successfully soft-landed on the back of the moon on January 3, 2019.

People’s interest in the moon has been increasing as the exploration of the moon has accelerated in recent years. Especially after my country’s Chang’e 4 successfully landed on the far side of the moon, many topics about the moon have emerged. One of the topics has aroused the interest and discussion of many people. This question was raised by a netizen: What would happen if a bucket of water was poured on the surface of the moon?

Many people may think this is a very simple question. The temperature difference on the moon is so big. When the temperature is high, it turns into water vapor, and when the temperature is low, it turns into ice. Is it really that simple? Maybe the answer will surprise many people.

I believe many people are familiar with water, a common substance. The earth is a planet filled with liquid water. The water on the earth’s surface accounts for 71% of the global area. For water, we usually think There are three states, namely solid, liquid and gas. But water has more than three states, there are also supercritical fluids, supersolids, superfluids, fermion condensates, plasmas, Bose-Einstein condensates, etc.

Of course, the water we usually understand is in three states. The three forms of water can transform into each other. The liquid state is the most unstable state and can be transformed into gaseous and solid states under different environments. . This critical point is temperature. The boiling point of water is 99.975°C, and the freezing point is 0°C. Many people may only see that the boiling point of water is close to 100 degrees Celsius and the freezing point is zero degrees Celsius, but they ignore a very important prerequisite.

This prerequisite is atmospheric pressure. The reason why the boiling point and freezing point of water are as they are now is because of the situation under the earth's standard atmospheric pressure. If the atmospheric pressure changes, the boiling point of water will naturally change. . From this we return to the moon and see what the moon's environment is like. I believe many people know that the moon has no atmosphere and is basically close to a vacuum environment.

The temperature of the moon is also very high. It can reach over 110 degrees Celsius when the sun is shining, and as low as minus 170 degrees Celsius at night. Under normal circumstances, with the temperature of the moon's surface, if a bucket of water is poured on it, it will either become a gas or a solid. However, because the moon is a vacuum environment, the atmospheric pressure is extremely low, and there is no air for heat transfer.

Because, on the moon, the temperature is almost impossible to dissipate, so the boiling point of water on the moon is not 100 degrees Celsius on the earth, but very, very low, possibly as low as many degrees below zero, so a bucket of water pours On the moon, it does not become solid or remain liquid, but quickly evaporates and dissipates. Scientists speculate that when you take a closed bucket of water and land on the moon, the moment you open the lid of the bucket, the water inside will burst out quickly.

Then you'll see radiating waves of water vapor dissipating into the moon's empty air. In this case, no matter it is day or night on the moon, no matter whether the surface temperature is high or low, water can basically only exist in the gaseous state on the moon because its air pressure is too low. However, scientists have not yet conducted this experiment on the moon, and the specific circumstances are still uncertain.

From this, we also understand that the environment on the moon is also very cruel. In the future, humans will establish bases on the moon to mine resources, and also build living environments on the moon. Humans want to survive on the moon. , it is necessary to establish a closed ecological environment. We can imagine the future lunar city. A huge glass cover closes the city, and the inside is the same ecological environment as the earth, and people live in it.

Many people may not understand why humans want to live on the moon? This is mainly due to the fact that there are helium-3 resources on the moon that are needed by humans. It is the most perfect raw material for nuclear fusion reactions. However, the reserves of helium-3 on the earth are less than one ton, while there are at least millions of tons on the moon. It can be said that the moon is an important place for human energy extraction in the future.

Since there are such abundant helium-3 resources on the moon, it will inevitably require a lot of people to go to the moon to carry out the mining industry, and these mining workers will bring their relatives to live on the moon, so that the moon will be formed. An immigrant planet for humans. Of course, in addition to building closed ecological cities on the surface of the moon, survival bases can also be established underground.

I believe that it will not be too far away for ordinary people to travel to the moon. With the rapid progress of human aerospace technology, it will become very easy to enter and exit space in the future. Ordinary people can also travel to space. Travel to the moon and even travel to Mars. The future of mankind will be better.

Guys, what do you think about this? Everyone is welcome to leave a message below for discussion and express your own opinions and opinions.