Zhiyuan immigrants

Zuo (18 12 ~ 1885) was an important military and political official in the late Qing Dynasty, one of the commanders of the Xiang Army and an important leader of the Westernization School. The word season is high, the word is simple, and the number is on the farmer. Hunan Xiangyin people. 1875 (the first year of Guangxu), there was a dispute between "coastal defense" and "fortress defense" within the Qing government. At that time, the northwest frontier fortress and southeast coastal defense were in danger; Li Hongzhang and others thought that the two men were "difficult to take care of both armies" and advocated giving up the blockade, "stopping retreating is equal to coastal defense." Zuo resolutely disagreed, pointing out that in the northwest, "if you withdraw from the encirclement, you will retreat, and you will push your luck", which especially attracted the infiltration of Britain and Russia. In May of that year, he was ordered to supervise military affairs in Xinjiang. 1876, the army stationed in the Soviet Union commanded a multi-channel crusade against Agubai, and in June of the following year 1, it occupied Hotan (now Hotan) and recovered all the territory of Xinjiang except Yili. Immediately, Shangshu suggested that Xinjiang set up a province to achieve long-term stability. 1879 When China and Russia negotiated in Yili, they attacked Chonghou's previous Russian demands, rashly made a contract, lost power and lost land, and advocated "discussion first" and "decisive battle". /kloc-in the spring of 0/880, the military affairs deployed Xinjiang and Suzhou arrived in Hami. 188 1 At the beginning of the year, the Sino-Russian Ili Treaty was signed, and he was called to Beijing as a military minister, to walk in the Prime Minister's yamen and manage the affairs of the Ministry of War. In the summer of the same year, he was transferred to the Governor of Liangjiang and Minister of Commerce and Trade of Nanyang. /kloc-0 was called to Beijing in June, 884, and later served as Minister of Military Aircraft. During the Sino-French War, the French fleet defeated Fujian Navy in Mawei, Fuzhou, and was ordered to supervise Fujian military affairs. /kloc-After arriving in Fuzhou in October/October, 1 1 actively dispatched troops and set up "Jing Ke Aid Taiwan Army" to cross the sea to Taiwan Province Province. 1885 died in Fuzhou.

The Battle of Recovering Xinjiang

Left's important deeds

The Destruction of Opium in Humen —— Lin Zexu

Lin Zexu (1785— 1850) was born in Fuzhou, Fujian. In his early years, his family was poor and received a good education. In the sixteenth year of Jiaqing, he was given a Jinshi. For 40 years as an official, he "inspired the world" and was honest and clean; We also attach importance to water conservancy and provide relief to the people. His greatest achievement is that he led the vigorous anti-smoking movement in China-Humen destroyed opium, commanded the anti-British struggle, safeguarded national sovereignty and national dignity, and became the first national hero and patriot in modern China history. At the same time, he compiled foreign books and materials such as The Chronicles of Four Continents, which initiated the atmosphere of learning and studying the West in modern China and was the pioneer of China's modern reform thought. Lin Zexu Memorial Hall has been built in Fuzhou and other places.

Lin Zexu's Anti-smoking Campaign

The Process of Opium War and Its Influence

Lin Zexu and the Opium War

Deng Shichang, the soul of the sea.

Deng Shichang (1849 ~ 1894) was a patriotic general of China navy in the late Qing Dynasty. This word is clear. Originally from Dongguan, Guangdong, he was born in Panyu (now Haizhu District, Guangzhou). During the Sino-Japanese War in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Ren Zhiyuan died in the naval battle of 17, September 65438. 1September, 894 17 In the Dadonggou naval battle in the Yellow Sea, Deng Shichang commanded Zhiyuan Ship to fight bravely. Later, under the siege of Japanese ships, Zhiyuan ship was injured in many places, the whole ship caught fire and the hull tilted. Deng Shichang encouraged the officers and men of the whole ship to say, "Our generation joined the army to defend our country and put life and death at risk. Today, there is only death! " "Japanese warships rely entirely on Yoshino. If it sinks, it will be enough to catch my breath and succeed." It resolutely sailed into the starboard side of the Japanese capital ship "Yoshino" at full speed, determined to end up with the enemy. The officers and men of the Japanese ship were shocked and concentrated their fire on the Zhiyuan ship. Unfortunately, a shell hit the torpedo tube of Zhiyuan ship, and the torpedo in the tube exploded and Zhiyuan ship sank. After Deng Shichang fell into the sea, his entourage rescued him with a lifebuoy. He refused, saying, "I am determined to kill the enemy and serve the country. Now that I am dead in the sea, I am just. Why should I live! " The pet dog Sun swam aside and bit his arm with his mouth. Deng Shichang vowed to live and die with the warship * * *, and resolutely put the dog into the water first, and he himself sank into the waves and died heroically with more than 250 officers and men of the whole ship.

Biography of Deng Shichang

Deng Shichang Museum

Qi Jiguang, a famous anti-Japanese soldier.

Qi Jiguang (1528- 1587) was a famous anti-Japanese soldier, strategist and national hero in the Ming Dynasty. Jing, whose name is Nantang, was born in Jining, Shandong, and his ancestral home was Dingyuan, Anhui. Born in the door. Ming Jiajing twenty-three years (1544), 17 years old, attacked his father and was in charge of Dengzhou health affairs. In thirty-four years (1555), he was transferred to the provincial capital of Zhejiang, and the following year he was promoted to general, guarding Ningbo, Shaoxing and Taizhou. In September, 800 Japanese troops invaded Longshan Station, and Qi Jiguang and others led 10 times the enemy's Ming army to stop it. The Japanese army attacked and killed in three ways, and more than 65,438+10,000 Ming troops were vulnerable, and the battle was getting chaotic and losing ground. Seeing the critical situation, Qi Jiguang jumped on a high rock and fired three arrows. The three leaders of the enemy fell, and the enemy was leaderless and fled in haste. In thirty-eight years (1559), there were frequent Japanese riots in Taizhou, and the people suffered greatly. Thousands of Japanese pirates surrounded thousands of families in Tao Zhu, and Qi Jiguang led troops from Ningbo to Taizhou overnight, thus lifting the siege of Tao Zhu and annihilating the Japanese invaders in Haimen. Then, I went to Jinhua, Yiwu and other places to recruit more than 3,000 lean farmers and miners, trained with Yue Jiajun as an example, and finally became the world-famous Qi Jiajun. According to the terrain in the south and the enemy's operational characteristics, Qi Jiguang created a "mandarin duck array" combining long and short weapons, and repeatedly defeated the enemy with flying knives, guns and rockets.

Brief introduction of Qi Jiguang War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

Qi Jiguang Memorial Hall

Feng Zicai, Nanguan Town Victory.

Feng Zicai (1818.7.29 ~1903.9.18) was a famous anti-French fighter in the late Qing Dynasty. The word Nangan,No. Cuiting. Born in Qinzhou, Guangxi. My parents died when I was a child, and I lived in Jianghu. He once worked as a carpenter, ran a cattle gang and spent many years in poverty. Influenced by the social atmosphere and the words and deeds of relatives and friends, Feng Zicai's thoughts are full of many orthodoxy, and he is strict with himself. 1850 (thirty years of Qing Daoguang) led the uprising, and the following year he defected to Liu Ba, the leader of the Heaven and Earth Society, and was embraced. Follow the Guangxi prefect to Roewe to pursue the Taiping Army outside Nanjing, and make meritorious deeds to promote the company commander. 1862 (the first year of Tongzhi in Qing dynasty), served as the prefect of Guangxi, stationed in Zhenjiang, and cooperated with the Xiang army to encircle the Taiping Army. After the peasant uprisings in Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou were suppressed. 1869 ~ 1879 (the fifth year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty) was invited by the Vietnamese government and sent by the Qing court to go through the customs for three times to suppress the Guangxi peasant uprising army and the mutinous Qing army who retreated to Vietnam, knowing well the intention of France to annex Vietnam and spy on the southern border of the motherland. 188 1 year, because of disagreement with the current regime, he "called himself ill" and returned to his hometown, still worried about border affairs. He volunteered to lead his troops into Vietnam to resist France. Feng Zicai, a 70-year-old veteran, went to Zhennan to meet the French. To show his determination to resist the enemy, Feng Zicai took his two sons to prepare for the funeral. When he left, he told his family that once Guangxi could not persist, he would move his ancestral tablet back to his hometown in Jiangnan, and Feng Zicai vowed never to be conquered people.

Zhennanguan triumph

Sino-French war

Martyrdom-Zhang Zizhong

Zhang Zizhong (189 1- 1940), a native of Linqing, Shandong Province, was an anti-Japanese general. 19 1 1 sneaked into the league while studying at Tianjin University of Political Science and Law. /kloc-joined the army in 0/914. 19 17 joined Feng Yuxiang's department and served as battalion commander, colonel, brigade commander and teacher. 1940 In May, in order to control the traffic on the Yangtze River and cut off the transportation line to Chongqing, the Japanese army assembled 300,000 troops and launched the Zaoyi Campaign. At that time, only two regiments of the 33rd Army of the Chinese Army were stationed on the west bank of Xianghe. Zhang Zizhong, as the commander-in-chief of the army, could not personally lead the troops to attack and fight, but he insisted on being left behind by the deputy commander-in-chief despite repeated dissuasion from his subordinates. /kloc-Within one day in May of 0/6, Zhang Zizhong kept clamouring for a bid from morning till noon. At noon, he was shot in the left arm and still insisted on commanding the operation. By 2 pm, there were only a few hundred officers and men left in Zhang Zizhong. He transferred all his guards to the front to reinforce, leaving only eight people, including the senior staff officer and the adjutant Ma. He took out his pen and wrote the last report of nearly a hundred words to the theater command. When he handed it to the horse, he said, "I died in a hard battle. I have no conscience for my country and nation." You must work hard to kill the enemy and don't live up to my ambition. " Later, Zhang Zizhong was hit in the waist by a machine gun bullet. He fell to the ground and fought bloody battles, and finally died heroically.

The war background of Zaozhuang campaign

Zhang Zizhong memorabilia

Anti-Japanese Hero-Yang Jingyu

Yang Jingyu (1905 ~ 1940) is a proletarian revolutionary and national hero in China, one of the founders of the Soviet area in Hubei, Henan and Anhui and the Red Army, and one of the main leaders of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition. Formerly known as Ma Shangde, the word Jisheng. 1905 was born in liwan village, Queshan county, Henan province on February 26th (the 31st year of Guangxu reign of Qing dynasty 1 23rd). Father Ma Xiling is a poor farmer. 1in may, 938, party and army cadres in southern Manchuria were called to discuss and adhere to the guerrilla strategy. After the meeting, the anti-Japanese struggle was launched in Tonghua and Linjiang, which dealt a heavy blow to the enemy and puppet troops. In the winter of the same year, the Japanese invaders carried out the inhuman policy of returning to villages and merging households, colluded with Japanese armed settlers, and strengthened the destruction of the anti-Japanese base areas in Nanman, making the situation of the anti-Japanese Coalition forces even more difficult. Yang Jingyu led the 1st Route Army 1400 people into the dense forest of Changbai Mountain. The following year, he suffered heavy losses in the battle with the enemy in Mengjiang County, leaving only more than 400 people. 1June, 940, in order to solve the supply problem of the army, the main force of the army was ordered to go north and lead a small group of troops to the east. On February 23, he met several villagers alone in Qiansan Road, Baoan Village, Mengjiang County, Jilin Province, and one of them went back to Datun to inform the Japanese and puppet authorities. The kwantung army punitive team surrounded the general and urgently convened a puppet Manchukuo secret service team composed of anti-union traitors to participate in the war; After several hours of fierce fighting, the general was hit by a traitor's machine gun and died heroically.

Yang Jingyu record

An Eternal Monument-Ma Benzhai

Ma Benzhai, a brave anti-Japanese hero (190 1 ~ 1944, a native of xian county, Hebei Province, was then the detachment leader of Huimin detachment). "Although the great mother is still alive, she will inherit her mother's legacy and fight the Japanese to the end!" Destroy the Hui detachment in order to own Ma Benzhai. The Japanese took Ma Benzhai's mother. The Japanese army coerced Mamu to write an exhortation letter and advised his son to "submit to the imperial army" and enjoy "splendor and wealth", but Mamu was unyielding, went on a hunger strike and finally died gloriously. Knowing the news of her mother's sacrifice, Ma Benzhai wrote the above words regardless of her grief.

Mother-Bai