Which eighteen provinces do the eighteen provinces refer to?

In the Qing Dynasty, 18 provinces in mainland China were mainly inhabited by Han people. Including: Jiangsu (including Shanghai), Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan (including Chongqing), Fujian (including Taiwan Province Province), Guangdong (including Hainan, Hong Kong, Kowloon and New Territories), Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Zhili (including Beijing and Tianjin), south-central Hebei, Henan and Shandong.

These 18 provinces maintained the original political system in the late Ming Dynasty, which was different from the Manchu occupied areas of the three generals outside the customs and other areas such as Xinjiang, Mongolia, Qinghai and Tibet. The dividing line between the 18 provinces and other regions is mainly the Great Wall. The concept and scope of the 18 provinces in the mainland have remained basically unchanged for more than 200 years from Kangxi to Guangxu, and they all belong to the county.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), five autonomous regions have been established in areas where ethnic minorities and Han people live in concentrated communities, and administrative units for ethnic autonomy have been established below the autonomous regions.

Extended data:

With the decline of the Qing court, people in Han Dynasty 18 province lived in poverty, and more and more Han people were forced to emigrate to China territory outside 18 provinces for their livelihood. For example, "to the East" and "to the West". As a result, in areas where Han people were forbidden to live in the early Qing Dynasty, such as Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, the proportion of Han population increased rapidly, even exceeding the growth of other local ethnic groups. They brought the culture of the Han nationality and promoted the prosperity of other nationalities. As a result, the Chinese culture represented by eighteen provinces has spread to the whole of Greater China.

18 changes in the jurisdiction of some provinces 19 12.

Zhili (renamed Hebei Province in 1928) lost its land outside the Inner Great Wall (Xuanhua area was merged into Chahar Province in 1928, Jehol Special Zone was established north of Chengde, and province was established in 1928).

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Eighteen Provinces in the Mainland